Hooper, Robert [Hrsg.]: The Anatomist's Vade-Mecum: Containing The Anatomy, Physiology, Morbid Appearances, &c. Of The Human Body ; The Art of making Anatomical Preparations, &c. To which are added Anatomical, Physiological, Medical, And Surgical Examinations For Students (London, 1811)

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VENAL SYSTEM.

Veins are membranous canals which do not pulsate ; they
gradually become larger as they advance towards the heart,
in which they terminate, and bring back the blood from the
arteries.

Origin. From the extremities of the arteries by anasto-
mosis.

Termination. The termination of all the veins is in
the auricles or the heart.

Division. Into trunks, branches, ramuli, &c.

Situation. They run by the sides of arteries, but more
superficially.

Structure. Veins, like arteries, are composed of three
membranes, but they are semi-transparent, and more deli-
cate.

Valves. These are thin semilunar membranous folds,
which are found in most veins, and prevent the blood in the
vein from being pressed backwards out of its natural course.

The blood is returned from every part of the body into the
right auricle:—the vena cava superior receives it from the
head, neck, thorax, and superior extremities; the vena
cava inferior, from the abdomen and inferior extremities;
and the coronary vein receives it from the coronary arteries
of the heart.

VENA CAVA SUPERIOR.

This vein terminates in the superior part of the right auri-
cle, into which it evacuates the blood from

The right and left subclavian reins, and the vena azygos.

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