Hooper, Robert [Hrsg.]: The Anatomist's Vade-Mecum: Containing The Anatomy, Physiology, Morbid Appearances, &c. Of The Human Body ; The Art of making Anatomical Preparations, &c. To which are added Anatomical, Physiological, Medical, And Surgical Examinations For Students (London, 1811)

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Nerves. The nerves of the tongue are also numeious.,
arising from the fifth, eighth, and ninth pairs.

Use. The use of this viscus is to constitute the organ of +t A***^-.
Mite, and assist in chewing, swallowing, sucking, and tasting.

The physiology of tasting is delivered under the functions
of ihe nerres. See page 202.

Diseases of the tongue. Inflammation, called glossitis
—abscess, when it appears under the tongue, it is called
ra.nu.la—gangrene—ulceration ; small white ulcers are called
aphtha; besides common ulcers, there is a species of ulcera-
tion along the sides, of a chronic nature—cancer—fraenum
too short; when the person is said to be tongue-tied—small
vesicles on the sides of the tongue, or hydatids.

Operation. The clipping the fraenum when too short.

NECK.

The parts which form the neck are divided into external and
internal.

The external parts are the common integuments, the muscles
of the neck, eight pair of cervical nerves, two carotid arteries,
two vertebral arteries, two external jugular veins, two internal
jugular veins, the jugular glands, the thyroid gland, the eighth
pair of nerves of the cerebrum, and the great intercostal.

The internal parts are the fauces, pharynx, oesophagus, la-
rynx, and the trachea.

FAUCES.

The cavity behind the soft palate and tongue, which ends
in the pharynx.

It is bounded posteriorly by the bodies of all the cervical ver-
tebrae, superiorly by the cuneiform process of the os occipitis,