The institutes of Vishnu (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1880)

XXIII, I. IMPURITY. g-
(see XXIII, 40), and time (by the lapse of the ten
days of impurity and the like) are purifiers of
animate objects.
89. Of all pure things, pure food is pronounced
the most excellent; for he who eats pure food only,
is truly pure, not he who is only purified with earth
and water.
90. By forgiveness of injuries the learned are
purified ; by liberality, those who have done for-
bidden acts; by muttering of prayers, those who
have sinned in secret; by religious austerities, those
who best know the Veda.
91. By water and earth is purified what should
be purified (because it has been defiled); a river is
purified by its current (carrying away all slime and
mud); a woman, whose thoughts have been impure,
by her menses ; and the chief among the twice-born
(the Brahma/zas), by renouncing the world.
92. Bodies (when defiled) are purified by water ;
the mind is purified (from evil thoughts) by truth ;
the soul (is purified or freed from worldly vanity) by
sacred learning and austerities; the understanding
(when unable to resolve some doubt), by knowledge.
93. Thus the directions for purifying animate
bodies have been declared to thee; hear now the
rules for cleaning all sorts of inanimate objects.
XXIII.
1. What has been defiled by the impure excre-
tions of the body, by spirits, or by intoxicating
drinks, is impure in the highest degree.
XXIII. 2. Apast. I, 5, 17, 10; Gaut. I, 29. — 4. Y. I, 185;
Gaut. I, 29, 31. — 5. M.V, 123; Gaut. I, 34. — 7-n. M.V, in,
112, 116, 117 ; Y. I, 182, 183. —7, 8. Gaut. I, 29, 30. — 13-
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