The institutes of Vishnu (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1880)

XXX, 5. STUDENTSHIP. 123

XXX.
1. After having performed the Upakarman cere-
mony on the full moon of the month Xravazza, or of
the month Bhadra, the student must (pass over the
two next days without studying, and then) study for
four months and a half.
2. After that, the teacher must perform out of
town the ceremony of Utsarga for those students
(that have acted up to this injunction); but not for
those who have failed to perform the ceremony of
Upakarman.
3. During the period (subsequent upon the cere-
mony of Upakarman and) intermediate between it
and the ceremony of Utsarga, the student must read
the Vedarigas.
4. He must interrupt his study for a day and a
night on the fourteenth and eighth days of a month1 * * 4 5.
5. (He must interrupt his study for the next day
XXX. 1-33. Weber, Ind. Stud. X, 130-134; Nakshatras II, 322,
338-339 > M. IV, 95-123; II, 71, 74 pY.I, 142-151; Apast.1,3,9-
11; Gaut. XVI; I, 51, 53. — 33-38. Aw. Ill, 3, 3; M. II, 107; Y. I,
41-46. — 41, 42. M. II, 116. — 43-46. M. II, 117, 146-148, 144.
1-3. The annual course of Vedic studies opens with a ceremony
called Upakarman, and closes with a ceremony called Utsarga.
The latter, according to the rule laid down in Sutra 1, would fall
upon the first day of the moon’s increase, either in Pausha or in
Magha. Nand. states that those students who have not per-
formed the Upakarman ceremony in due time must perform a
penance before they can be admitted to the Utsarga; nor must
those be admitted to it who have failed to go on to the study of
another branch of the Veda at the ordinary time, after having
absolved one.
4. 1 Nand., with reference to a passage of Harita, considers the
use of the plural and of the particle £a to imply that the study must
also be interrupted on the first and fifteenth days.
5. 1 This refers to the second days of the months Phalguna,
AshaoYza, and Karttika. (Nand.)