The institutes of Vishnu (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1880)

128

VIS1LVU.

XXXI, I.

frees him from all pain (in this world and the next),
and confers immortality (or final liberation) upon
him, that man let the student consider as his (true)
father and mother : gratefully acknowledging the
debt he owes him, he must never grieve him.
XXXI.
1. A man has three Atigurus (or specially venera-
ble superiors) :
2. His father, his mother, and his spiritual
teacher.
3. To them he must always pay obedience.
4. What they say, that he must do.
5. And he must do what is agreeable and ser-
viceable to them.
6. Let him never do anything without their leave.
7. Those three are equal to the three Vedas
(Akg-veda, Sama-veda, and Ya^ur-veda), they are
equal to the three gods (Brahman, Vishzzu, and
Viva), they are equal to the three worlds (of men,
of gods, and of Brahman), they are equal to the
three fires.
8. The father is the Garhapatya (or household)
fire, the mother is the Dakshbza (or ceremonial)
fire, and the spiritual teacher is the Ahavaniya (or
sacrificial) fire.
9. He pays regard to all his duties, who pays
regard to those three ; he who shows no regard to
XXXI. 1-6. M. II, 225, 226, 228, 229; Apast. I, 4, 14, 6;
Gaut. II, 50, 51. — 7. M. II, 230. — 8. M. II, 231; Apast. I, 1, 3,
44. ■— 9. M. II, 234. — 10. M. II, 233.
9. ‘The father is said to be of the same nature as the Garha-
patya fire, because the Ahavaniya is produced from it; the mother
is said to be of the same nature as the Dakshi/za fire, because it