DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.52452#0078
50
NARADA.
I, 29.
husband, that she may spend or give away as she
likes after his death even, excepting immovables.
* 29. In the same way the transactions of a slave
are declared invalid, unless they have been sanctioned
by his master. A slave is not his own master.
* 30. If a son has transacted any business without
authorization from his father, it is also declared an
invalid transaction. A slave and a son are equal
in that respect.
*31. A youth who, though independent, has not
yet arrived at years of discretion, is not capable of
contracting valid debts. (Real) independence belongs
to the eldest son (only) ; (the right of) seniority is
based on both capacity and age.
* 32. Three persons are independent in this
world : a king, a spiritual teacher, and in all castes
successively a householder in his own household.
*33. All subjects are dependent; the ruler of the
country is independent; a student is pronounced to
be dependent; independence belongs to the teacher.
30. A son who has not come to a partition of the family estate
with his father, continues dependent on him till the father dies. A.
31. This rule constitutes an exception to the general indepen-
dence of the son after the death of his father. During the period
of his minority, he is unable to contract a valid debt. A. The
rule that seniority is based both on capacity and age, is cer-
tainly remarkable. It is, however, in accordance with the view
enounced further on (XIII, 5) by Narada, that the management
of the family property may be undertaken by the youngest
brother even, if capable, because the prosperity of a family
depends on ability.
32. The king is independent of his subjects. A teacher is
independent of his pupils. The head of a household is independent
of his family and attendants. A.
33. 34. These two paragraphs are intended to show the respective
dependence and independence of wives, sons, householders, &c. A.
NARADA.
I, 29.
husband, that she may spend or give away as she
likes after his death even, excepting immovables.
* 29. In the same way the transactions of a slave
are declared invalid, unless they have been sanctioned
by his master. A slave is not his own master.
* 30. If a son has transacted any business without
authorization from his father, it is also declared an
invalid transaction. A slave and a son are equal
in that respect.
*31. A youth who, though independent, has not
yet arrived at years of discretion, is not capable of
contracting valid debts. (Real) independence belongs
to the eldest son (only) ; (the right of) seniority is
based on both capacity and age.
* 32. Three persons are independent in this
world : a king, a spiritual teacher, and in all castes
successively a householder in his own household.
*33. All subjects are dependent; the ruler of the
country is independent; a student is pronounced to
be dependent; independence belongs to the teacher.
30. A son who has not come to a partition of the family estate
with his father, continues dependent on him till the father dies. A.
31. This rule constitutes an exception to the general indepen-
dence of the son after the death of his father. During the period
of his minority, he is unable to contract a valid debt. A. The
rule that seniority is based both on capacity and age, is cer-
tainly remarkable. It is, however, in accordance with the view
enounced further on (XIII, 5) by Narada, that the management
of the family property may be undertaken by the youngest
brother even, if capable, because the prosperity of a family
depends on ability.
32. The king is independent of his subjects. A teacher is
independent of his pupils. The head of a household is independent
of his family and attendants. A.
33. 34. These two paragraphs are intended to show the respective
dependence and independence of wives, sons, householders, &c. A.