JOS
V82i It was observed, by tbe founders of the mystic system,
that the destructive power of the Sun was exerted most by day,
and the generative by night: for it was by day that it dried up the
waters and produced disease and putrefaction; and by night that it
■returned the exhalations in dews tempered with the genial heat that
had been transfused into the atmosphere. Hence, when they per-
sonified the attributes, they worshipped the one as the diurnal and
the other as the nocturnal sun ; calling the one Apollo, and the
other Dionysus or Bacchus ;x both of whom were anciently ob-
served to .be the same god; whence, in a verse of Euripides, they
are addressed as one, the names being used as epithets.1 The
oracle at Delphi was also supposed to belong to both equally ;3 or,
according to the expression of a Latin poet, to the united and
mixed deity of both.4
133. This mixed deity appears to have been represented in the
person of the Apollo Didymreus; who was worshipped in another
-celebrated oracular temple near Miletus ; and whose symbolical
image seems to be exhibited in plates xii. xliii. and iv. of volume i.
of the Select Specimens ; and in different compositions on different
' In sacris enim hajc religiosi arcani observantia tenctur, ut Sol, cum in
supero, id est in diuruo Hemispheric, est, Apollo vociteturj cum in infero,
id estnocturno, Dionysus, qui et Liber pater Habeatuf. Macro])! Sat. i. c.
18. Hence Sophocles calls Bacchus
TlvpirveovTuv xopnyov aartpav. apud Eustath. p. 514.
and he had temples dedicated to him under correspondent titles. E<m /nv
Aiovvaov vans KvicriKutv. Pausan. in Att. C. 40. S. 5. 'Itpov-tuovmov Aafamipos
eo-tiv &ruc\7inv. Paus. Act. c. 27. s. 2. Hence too the corresponding deity
among the ^Egyptians was lord of the Inferi. Apxvyereveiv Be'rmr Kara kiyxm-
tioi Keyovai Aiynrrpa «ot Aiovmov. Herodot. lib. ii. 123. Aristoteles, qui
theologumena scripsit, Apollinem et Liberum patrem unum eundemque
deum esse, cum multis argumcntis, assent. Macrob. Sat. i. c. 17.
1 Aetrirora <piAo$a<pve, Baw^e, TJaiay, AnoWov evKvpe. Apud.eund.
3.--Tov Awvvtrov, if toiv AeAtpuv ovSey irrrov t) Tip tmoKkavi fier&rTW. Plutarch
ei apud Delpli. p. 388.
4 Mons Phcebo Bromioque sacer; euinumine mixto
Delphica Thebana> referunt tricterica Baccha;.
Luean. Phars. v. 73.
V82i It was observed, by tbe founders of the mystic system,
that the destructive power of the Sun was exerted most by day,
and the generative by night: for it was by day that it dried up the
waters and produced disease and putrefaction; and by night that it
■returned the exhalations in dews tempered with the genial heat that
had been transfused into the atmosphere. Hence, when they per-
sonified the attributes, they worshipped the one as the diurnal and
the other as the nocturnal sun ; calling the one Apollo, and the
other Dionysus or Bacchus ;x both of whom were anciently ob-
served to .be the same god; whence, in a verse of Euripides, they
are addressed as one, the names being used as epithets.1 The
oracle at Delphi was also supposed to belong to both equally ;3 or,
according to the expression of a Latin poet, to the united and
mixed deity of both.4
133. This mixed deity appears to have been represented in the
person of the Apollo Didymreus; who was worshipped in another
-celebrated oracular temple near Miletus ; and whose symbolical
image seems to be exhibited in plates xii. xliii. and iv. of volume i.
of the Select Specimens ; and in different compositions on different
' In sacris enim hajc religiosi arcani observantia tenctur, ut Sol, cum in
supero, id est in diuruo Hemispheric, est, Apollo vociteturj cum in infero,
id estnocturno, Dionysus, qui et Liber pater Habeatuf. Macro])! Sat. i. c.
18. Hence Sophocles calls Bacchus
TlvpirveovTuv xopnyov aartpav. apud Eustath. p. 514.
and he had temples dedicated to him under correspondent titles. E<m /nv
Aiovvaov vans KvicriKutv. Pausan. in Att. C. 40. S. 5. 'Itpov-tuovmov Aafamipos
eo-tiv &ruc\7inv. Paus. Act. c. 27. s. 2. Hence too the corresponding deity
among the ^Egyptians was lord of the Inferi. Apxvyereveiv Be'rmr Kara kiyxm-
tioi Keyovai Aiynrrpa «ot Aiovmov. Herodot. lib. ii. 123. Aristoteles, qui
theologumena scripsit, Apollinem et Liberum patrem unum eundemque
deum esse, cum multis argumcntis, assent. Macrob. Sat. i. c. 17.
1 Aetrirora <piAo$a<pve, Baw^e, TJaiay, AnoWov evKvpe. Apud.eund.
3.--Tov Awvvtrov, if toiv AeAtpuv ovSey irrrov t) Tip tmoKkavi fier&rTW. Plutarch
ei apud Delpli. p. 388.
4 Mons Phcebo Bromioque sacer; euinumine mixto
Delphica Thebana> referunt tricterica Baccha;.
Luean. Phars. v. 73.