DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.50021#0028
|Q IV. Types of Tombs.
are subsidiary to the large tombs of the southern cemetery are probably older than those sub-
sidiary to the large tombs of the northern cemetery. Without any pretence to finality, I
have made an attempt to divide the tombs of this type chronologically as given below. The
tombs contained so little pottery or other objects that we are forced to rely solely on the
relative positions of the graves for their relative datings. Moreover, once the general conclusions
on the duration of the type have been reached, this very paucity of material deprives the relative
datings of the tombs of all importance,
a. 1647, 1^28, idoyp, 1634, !52-5, i&B, 1531Ih ido3, 1625, 1627;
b. 1501, i<5i8, idly, 1638, 1644 j
c. idod, 1604, 1649, 1632;
d. idid, 1*531, 1629, 1515x7 1^42, 1541, 1637, 1641, 1529, 1620.
Large wood-roofed type without a stairway, A. i.b.
The large wood-roofed tombs without stairway which are, as shown above, the oldest
large tombs in the cemetery extend from the SW corner diagonally across the mound to the NE.
It is difficult to determine the order in such a case, though one would expect the earlier tombs
to be on the crest of the mound on well separated independent sites. The order may have
been, judging from the positions: 1506 (on the crest of the slope), 1621, 1624, 1608, 1533, 1532.
1506 and 1533 contained the same types of pottery. On account of the small number of tombs,
the order is of little importance.
Large wood-roofed tombs with stairway, A. 2. b.
It is immaterial which of the two tombs of the wood-roofed type with stairway is dated
first. At the same time, without any very definite reason, I prefer to place 1512 before 1581.
Large corbel vaults with stairway, B. 1. b.
The map shows us at once a line of three tombs of the large corbel-vaulted type with
stairway, running along the crest of the mound, — that is, occupying the primary sites. Of these
the middle one, 1571, is probably the eldest, while 1515 and 1514 are later. Beyond 1515 there is
no room for a large tomb on the mound, while south of 1514 the ground was already occupied.
The next two tombs 1513 and 158b are therefore in front of and behind 1571 respectively. The
remaining three tombs, 1584, 1572 and 1605, are all smaller and manifestly built in among earlier
tombs. N. 1584 cuts the stairway of 1514. N. 1572 occupies the stairway of 1571 and opens to
the north, apparently to avoid 1513. The superstructure of 1571 must have been damaged in
the building of 1572. (Whether we are to infer from that that the owner of 1572 was a relative
of him of 1571 and rebuilt the superstructure of 1571, or whether 1571 was at the time of 1572 an
abandoned tomb, it is not possible to decide.) And 1605 cutting the stair of 1572 must be later
than that tomb and therefore later than 1571 and 1513. 1626 is clearly the latest corbel, being
intruded into the southern cemetery, — at that time certainly abandoned, — after all the free
sites in the northern cemetery had been occupied. The order of the large corbel vaults with
stairway appears to be then: 1571, 1515, 1514, 1513, 1586, 1584, 1572, 1605 and 1626.
are subsidiary to the large tombs of the southern cemetery are probably older than those sub-
sidiary to the large tombs of the northern cemetery. Without any pretence to finality, I
have made an attempt to divide the tombs of this type chronologically as given below. The
tombs contained so little pottery or other objects that we are forced to rely solely on the
relative positions of the graves for their relative datings. Moreover, once the general conclusions
on the duration of the type have been reached, this very paucity of material deprives the relative
datings of the tombs of all importance,
a. 1647, 1^28, idoyp, 1634, !52-5, i&B, 1531Ih ido3, 1625, 1627;
b. 1501, i<5i8, idly, 1638, 1644 j
c. idod, 1604, 1649, 1632;
d. idid, 1*531, 1629, 1515x7 1^42, 1541, 1637, 1641, 1529, 1620.
Large wood-roofed type without a stairway, A. i.b.
The large wood-roofed tombs without stairway which are, as shown above, the oldest
large tombs in the cemetery extend from the SW corner diagonally across the mound to the NE.
It is difficult to determine the order in such a case, though one would expect the earlier tombs
to be on the crest of the mound on well separated independent sites. The order may have
been, judging from the positions: 1506 (on the crest of the slope), 1621, 1624, 1608, 1533, 1532.
1506 and 1533 contained the same types of pottery. On account of the small number of tombs,
the order is of little importance.
Large wood-roofed tombs with stairway, A. 2. b.
It is immaterial which of the two tombs of the wood-roofed type with stairway is dated
first. At the same time, without any very definite reason, I prefer to place 1512 before 1581.
Large corbel vaults with stairway, B. 1. b.
The map shows us at once a line of three tombs of the large corbel-vaulted type with
stairway, running along the crest of the mound, — that is, occupying the primary sites. Of these
the middle one, 1571, is probably the eldest, while 1515 and 1514 are later. Beyond 1515 there is
no room for a large tomb on the mound, while south of 1514 the ground was already occupied.
The next two tombs 1513 and 158b are therefore in front of and behind 1571 respectively. The
remaining three tombs, 1584, 1572 and 1605, are all smaller and manifestly built in among earlier
tombs. N. 1584 cuts the stairway of 1514. N. 1572 occupies the stairway of 1571 and opens to
the north, apparently to avoid 1513. The superstructure of 1571 must have been damaged in
the building of 1572. (Whether we are to infer from that that the owner of 1572 was a relative
of him of 1571 and rebuilt the superstructure of 1571, or whether 1571 was at the time of 1572 an
abandoned tomb, it is not possible to decide.) And 1605 cutting the stair of 1572 must be later
than that tomb and therefore later than 1571 and 1513. 1626 is clearly the latest corbel, being
intruded into the southern cemetery, — at that time certainly abandoned, — after all the free
sites in the northern cemetery had been occupied. The order of the large corbel vaults with
stairway appears to be then: 1571, 1515, 1514, 1513, 1586, 1584, 1572, 1605 and 1626.