106

XL Stone Vessels.

cem. N. 500 and N. 3500 and at el Kab (p. d no. 191 and no. 885 Pl. xxvn 101, 13d, idd, 170, 178).
They are found in the stairway tombs at Naga-ed-Der (N. 587) and other sites of the same
period, — see Naqada xi 17—25 (stated on p. 3d to be from Ballas but not mentioned in the
description of tombs), Mahasna xxvn 9, 10 (from k 4) and Reqaqnah vn, ix 23, xi 34—3d (from
R 40 and R 1). See also the large jar of Kha(?)-sekhem(?)1 = Besh, Hierakonpolis xxxvn 1, type 11.
Type iv is the same in form as pottery type xn. Variations of these forms continued to be
made practically jn all succeeding periods, but never again in such numbers.
Type viii is almost a characteristic second dynasty form. It was not found at Abydos
earlier than the tomb of Qa^C^yV HR- 71 Lie) and occurs in the tomb of Khasekhemui (HR. T.ix).
In our cemeteries it is found only in the corbel vaults of cem. 3000 and in N. 4573, N. 4900,
N. 573 (stairway), N. 559 (stone roof), N. 519, 537, 543, 627, dpi, dp2. See el Amr ah b 55, b 142,
b 12, b 705 el Kab Pl. 2 and § 13, Pl. 10 13,165 Naqada xi 26—33 (2d alone is mentioned in the
description of tombs Qjdz, Qydo and (^275, all stairway tombs) 5 Reqaqnah vn from R 40
early stairway. In the later K stairway tombs at Mahasna no example of this type was found.’2
There are a few copies of type vm in pottery, — N. 4175. After the stairway tomb period,
type vm has, I believe, never been found.

Type x is a very rare form. Besides the piece in Fig. 19 d,
one was found by Mace in cem. 3500. Naqada xvi 165 presents
a similar form marked Egyptian, but apparently not mentioned in
the text (i. e. not to be dated from the published material). This
type is no doubt a copy of the similar pottery type xi which has
three possible prototypes, Naqada 638 a, P 4d c, W 37, see Fig. 198.
The early dynastic pottery forms in Fig. 198, taken from I Abydos
vi and vn and IR. T. xlii, show the relations to these prototypes.
The pottery type developed into the well known forms of the
fifth to sixth dynasty and was again copied in stone and in bronze
in that period.


198. Pottery prototypes of S type X,
1 : 12.

Type XI = 3025, 1 (alabaster).
„ XII = 3013, 15 (black stone).
„ XIII = 1571, 23 (volcanic ash, in two pieces with strips of slate fastened F
on with pink cement. Corresponding marks were made on %
the edges of the upper and lower halves, after they had been 199- Types xi—xm,
fitted together so as to preserve the relation until cemented.
Of these three jars, types xn and xiii are fancy forms probably used for ointment or
cosmetic. Type xn has handles and is decorated with a cord pottern, cf. HR. T. vi 27 (Dr).
Type xi is a regular predynastic type, cf. Naqada, viii 42—55. See 1 Abydos xlv 6 (tomb
M id) and xxvn (four pieces from the Osiris temenos).
Type XIV = 1571, 27 (soft black stone) (cf. pot. type xxi a x).
„ XV 1 = 1571,26 (vole, ash), 25 (black limestone).


Mace suggests the reading and the identification with the Zoser-teti of the lists.
H 2 Mahasna xxvn 5 is not identical with type viii.