Parker, John Henry: The archaeology of Rome (1,2): Illustrations to I. The primitive fortifications. II. The walls and gates of Rome. III. The historical constructions of walls (Oxford [u.a.], 1874)

Walls and Gates of Rome.

Plate II.
Towers of Aurelian. These are some of the most perfect ot
the towers that remain, they are near the Porta Pinciana.
There are remains of many of these towers in a more or less
perfect state; in two or three the old cornice and corbel-table
remain, and a modern roof has been put on. The greater number
of the towers that we have now remaining have been rebuilt in the
time of the Popes at various periods, but chiefly in the fifteenth
century.
Towers under the Villa Medici. The Avail has been very
much patched in this part, which now belongs to the French
Academy; the original earth-works, on which the wall is built in
many parts, are here clearly seen.
The portion of the plan given in the series of diagrams under
each portion of the wall shews this more distinctly; in many parts
the old earthworks, called the moenia, are distinctly visible, some-
times the rock itself on which the wall is built is seen. The Avail
under the Villa Medici has been so much patched at various periods,
that no date can be now assigned to it. The tower has some ap-
proach to the rude work of the eighth century of Rome, but may
be much later; rude work of this character may be of any period.
This part of the wall is built against a cliff, the earth inside the
Avail is nearly level with the top of it.