DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.4222#0046
36
ROYAL TOMBS OF THE 1st DYNASTY.
use under Mena (xxxii. 42), Zer (xxxv. 60—65),
Zet (xxxviii. 45), and even till Perabsen
(xlv. 14). The greatest variety of material is
under Zer (see pi. xxxv), and after that bracelets
are very rare, until many large marble bangles
appear in the Ilnd Dynasty (xlv.).
Cylinder jars of ivory Avith a wavy line or
cord-pattern last until the time of Den (xl. 39) ;
the only surprising variety is that with a row of
circles (xxxiv. 71) under Zer, otherwise they
closely follow the forms in stone.
Draughtsmen of ivory resemble those figured
on the men sign (pi. xiii. 93), and are usually
about the thickness of a finger or larger (see
xxxii. 34; xxxv. 5, 6,. 73 ; xli. 74; xlv. 46).
!f Parts of an alabaster draught-board were found
widely scattered in B (xxxii. 71).
32. Glazed pottery is hrst known in the
form of beads, very early in the prehistoric time.
It occurs here as a bead of Zer (xxxv. 75) ; as
inlay of Zet (xxxvii. 42); as beads (xxxviii. 11,
13, 20, 21, 25, 28, 29, 33) ; as tile (52), and
vases (55, 58) ; as vases, of Den (xxxvii. 78—84,
xli. 73, 79, 81) ; as decoration of Azab (xlii.
75—77) ; as a vase of Mersekha (xliii. 24, 25 ;
xliv. 10) ; as beads of Qa (41—43) ; and as a tall
stand, inlays, and beads of Khasekhemui (xlv.
35, 50—62). After such examples and the
glaze tile found at Hierakonpolis there can be no
hesitation in accepting the date of the Illrd
Dynasty for the doorway of glazed tiles from
the step pyramid of Saqqara.
Of metals we find gold, silver, copper, and
lead in the prehistoric time, and their uses here
in the 1st Dynasty are naturally continuous
from that. The gold bar of Mena (iiiA. 7), the
gold bracelets of Zer (pi. i.), the gold pin of
Zer (va. 7), the gold frame of Zer (viA. 19),
the gold-topped vases, gold bangles, gold-
mounted sceptre, and gold pins of Khasekhemui
(ix.) have been already described. Of minor
objects there are here on pi. xli. a copper rod
plated thickly with-gold (83), and a knob of thin
gold with a socket and pin-hole to attach it (88) ;
another copper rod plated with gold, and
wrought with joints like a reed, is not yet drawn.
Silver is rare in the prehistoric time, and
is not found in the Royal Tombs.
Copper wire and nails are usual in many of
the tombs (xxxii. 65 ; xxxviii. 74, 75, 91;
xliii. 12, 16). Needles, which we know in early
prehistoric use, appear under Zer (xxxv. 84—
89), Zet (xxxviii. 76), Den (93, xli. 86),
Mersekha (xliii. 13, 14), Qa (xliv. 49), Perabsen
(xlv. 18), and Khasekhemui (xlv. 70). Harpoons,
with the secondfang, unknown in prehistoric
copper, were found under Zer (xxxv. 92), and
Mersekha (xliv. 12), as well as models under
Khasekhemui (ixA. 5).
Small chisels continued to be made from the
early prehistoric time, as by Zer (xxxv. 91),
Den (xxxviii. 94; xli. 90—93), and Khase-
khemui (xlv. 69—75).
Pins like those of the prehistoric age are
found under Zer (xxxv. 93—95), Den (xxxviii-
92), Mersekha (xliv. 11), and Qa (48).
The unusual objects are the tweezers (xliii. 15),
which are admirably made with a wide hinge
and stiff points; the rymer (xliii. 17), the bowl
(xliii. 18), the fish-hooks (xlv. 19, 20), and the
axe (xlv. 76). For the great mass of copper
models see the account of pi. ixA.
33. We will now note the objects on these
plates which are outside of the above classes, and
which need some explanation.
Pl. XXXII. 10, a scratch comb of obsidian,
of the type of later prehistoric times. 26—28,
model cylinder seals. 38, 40, 42, 43, bone
needles. 51, 63, portions of the tops of chair
legs. 59, 60, parts of ivory gaming sticks,
carved in imitation of slips of reed. 66, dried
sycomore figs strung on a thread. 67, 68, a slate
palette for grinding eye-paint, with ivory lid to
keep dust from it; such were usual (see ii. 11 ;
xxxiv. 23 ; xxxviii. 2, 50, 51).
Pl. XXXIII. An undisturbed tomb was
ROYAL TOMBS OF THE 1st DYNASTY.
use under Mena (xxxii. 42), Zer (xxxv. 60—65),
Zet (xxxviii. 45), and even till Perabsen
(xlv. 14). The greatest variety of material is
under Zer (see pi. xxxv), and after that bracelets
are very rare, until many large marble bangles
appear in the Ilnd Dynasty (xlv.).
Cylinder jars of ivory Avith a wavy line or
cord-pattern last until the time of Den (xl. 39) ;
the only surprising variety is that with a row of
circles (xxxiv. 71) under Zer, otherwise they
closely follow the forms in stone.
Draughtsmen of ivory resemble those figured
on the men sign (pi. xiii. 93), and are usually
about the thickness of a finger or larger (see
xxxii. 34; xxxv. 5, 6,. 73 ; xli. 74; xlv. 46).
!f Parts of an alabaster draught-board were found
widely scattered in B (xxxii. 71).
32. Glazed pottery is hrst known in the
form of beads, very early in the prehistoric time.
It occurs here as a bead of Zer (xxxv. 75) ; as
inlay of Zet (xxxvii. 42); as beads (xxxviii. 11,
13, 20, 21, 25, 28, 29, 33) ; as tile (52), and
vases (55, 58) ; as vases, of Den (xxxvii. 78—84,
xli. 73, 79, 81) ; as decoration of Azab (xlii.
75—77) ; as a vase of Mersekha (xliii. 24, 25 ;
xliv. 10) ; as beads of Qa (41—43) ; and as a tall
stand, inlays, and beads of Khasekhemui (xlv.
35, 50—62). After such examples and the
glaze tile found at Hierakonpolis there can be no
hesitation in accepting the date of the Illrd
Dynasty for the doorway of glazed tiles from
the step pyramid of Saqqara.
Of metals we find gold, silver, copper, and
lead in the prehistoric time, and their uses here
in the 1st Dynasty are naturally continuous
from that. The gold bar of Mena (iiiA. 7), the
gold bracelets of Zer (pi. i.), the gold pin of
Zer (va. 7), the gold frame of Zer (viA. 19),
the gold-topped vases, gold bangles, gold-
mounted sceptre, and gold pins of Khasekhemui
(ix.) have been already described. Of minor
objects there are here on pi. xli. a copper rod
plated thickly with-gold (83), and a knob of thin
gold with a socket and pin-hole to attach it (88) ;
another copper rod plated with gold, and
wrought with joints like a reed, is not yet drawn.
Silver is rare in the prehistoric time, and
is not found in the Royal Tombs.
Copper wire and nails are usual in many of
the tombs (xxxii. 65 ; xxxviii. 74, 75, 91;
xliii. 12, 16). Needles, which we know in early
prehistoric use, appear under Zer (xxxv. 84—
89), Zet (xxxviii. 76), Den (93, xli. 86),
Mersekha (xliii. 13, 14), Qa (xliv. 49), Perabsen
(xlv. 18), and Khasekhemui (xlv. 70). Harpoons,
with the secondfang, unknown in prehistoric
copper, were found under Zer (xxxv. 92), and
Mersekha (xliv. 12), as well as models under
Khasekhemui (ixA. 5).
Small chisels continued to be made from the
early prehistoric time, as by Zer (xxxv. 91),
Den (xxxviii. 94; xli. 90—93), and Khase-
khemui (xlv. 69—75).
Pins like those of the prehistoric age are
found under Zer (xxxv. 93—95), Den (xxxviii-
92), Mersekha (xliv. 11), and Qa (48).
The unusual objects are the tweezers (xliii. 15),
which are admirably made with a wide hinge
and stiff points; the rymer (xliii. 17), the bowl
(xliii. 18), the fish-hooks (xlv. 19, 20), and the
axe (xlv. 76). For the great mass of copper
models see the account of pi. ixA.
33. We will now note the objects on these
plates which are outside of the above classes, and
which need some explanation.
Pl. XXXII. 10, a scratch comb of obsidian,
of the type of later prehistoric times. 26—28,
model cylinder seals. 38, 40, 42, 43, bone
needles. 51, 63, portions of the tops of chair
legs. 59, 60, parts of ivory gaming sticks,
carved in imitation of slips of reed. 66, dried
sycomore figs strung on a thread. 67, 68, a slate
palette for grinding eye-paint, with ivory lid to
keep dust from it; such were usual (see ii. 11 ;
xxxiv. 23 ; xxxviii. 2, 50, 51).
Pl. XXXIII. An undisturbed tomb was