DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.3349#0022
i4
THE LATER ANTIQUITIES
are always of pottery. It is obvious from these
examples that Memphis is the source of a large part
of the scarabs sold in Cairo. I have to thank Miss
Herford for inking in these drawings. The Plates
XXXV to XLIV are noted in the next chapter.
42. PI. XLV. The green glazed altar of offerings
is a very unusual object, probably of early Ptolemaic
age. It has a band of palmetto pattern around the
edge, and is in perfect condition. It was found in
the earth at the south gateway of the pylon before
the West Hall ; it is now in the British Museum.
The limestone head was found at Athribis on the
site of a temple built by Ptolemy Physkon ; as it
is that of a king, by the uraeus (broken off) and
the character of it, it is doubtless from a statue of
Physkon. The Ptolemaic portraits are rare in stat-
uary, and this is apparently the only such in lime-
stone that has survived. This is now at Manchester.
The trial pieces were also from Athribis, and
are now at Munich. The pieces of the red granite
architrave of the pylon of Ptolemy IV are on a much
smaller scale than the other objects here. They will
be published more fully when it is seen if other
pieces can be recovered. The restoration is that
suggested by Prof. Sayce. The name of a queen
Arsinoe can only belong to one of the queens of
Ptolemy II or to the queen of Ptolemy IV; and of
these two kings the title Theos can only belong
to Ptolemy IV. The third line has been added
at a date after the erection, as it is but slightly
and roughly cut, while the first two lines are deep
and clear. These pieces are from the architrave
of the entrance added to the east side of the
temenos of Ptah, where the road from Bedrasheyn
now enters the mounds. Two granite capitals were
also found, of different types.
The piece of a Greek funeral stele is in white
marble ; it is now at New York. The examples of
alabaster vase-working shew on what a great scale it
was practised at Memphis, as thousands of drill cores
are found. At the back are seen three vases broken
in course of making ; at the right is a vase roughed
out ready to be drilled, and in front are five cores
from tube drills. Some examples have been sent
to most museums connected with the work.
43. PI. XLVI. A large quantity of pottery was
found in one group, while clearing to the east
of the temple of Merenptah. The forms are all
given in this plate ; and the two Greek vases, 5, 6,
give a date of about 300 B.C. So this may be taken
as the beginning of a corpus of early Ptolemaic
pottery, the first large series thus dated. With this
pottery was the mask of a satyr on PL XLIX, and
the glazed pottery figures, PI. XLVI I. These are the
only figures well dated to a late period, and give
a definite standard for comparison. The piece at
the lower left hand of the group is of black Greek
pottery.
PI. XLVI I also contains a group of lamps, probably
belonging to about 200 A.D. The designs may well
be copies of moulds of the time of Hadrian, while
the pottery on PL XLVI 11 found with them is
rather earlier than the pottery of the Illrd century
at Ehnasya. The handles belong to the lamps with
which they are placed, and there is one odd one in
the middle of each group. Other lamps found with
these are of the following types, published in Roman
Ehnasya :—A 40 ; B 30, 85, 93 ; E 55, 97 ; F 37 ;
J 92 ; P 86. These are all debased types ; and we
now learn that such were contemporary with the
fairly made triangular handles, and are as early as
200 A.D. Such a date quite accords with the dates
of the rough lamps found at Ehnasya.
PL XLIX. The statuette of Nefertum is curious,
as shewing that it was thought worth while to mend
such a figure, if broken in modelling. The crown
has been broken off, and rejoined before the glazing.
The mask we have already named as being found
with the lamps. The rest of the plate shews the
kiln and pieces of blue glazed pottery found in it.
The drawings of the forms are on the next plate.
The group of pottery kilns and waste lies to the
south end of Memphis, beyond the Kom Hellul.
We opened one kiln which had been abandoned, and
then been used later as a rubbish hole for wasters
from other kilns. I carefully verified, by working for
some time myself, that the wasters had been moved
out from the kiln where they were baked. The
view of the kiln is given in the plate. It was a pit
about six feet square and eight feet deep; no hole
was traced in the lower part, but more than halfway
up there was an arched opening to the west, about
two feet wide. This could not be for out-draught as
it faces the usual wind ; and therefore it seems that
the air was admitted to the upper part of the kiln.
The supports for the glazed pottery were cylinder
jars 10 inches wide and 7J inches high. The body
was of coarse brown and yellow pottery, fusing to a
dirty yellow-green. The jars are shewn by their
fusion, and by attached objects, to have been stood
mouth upwards in the furnace. Such jars were
placed mouth downwards in the time of the XVIIIth
THE LATER ANTIQUITIES
are always of pottery. It is obvious from these
examples that Memphis is the source of a large part
of the scarabs sold in Cairo. I have to thank Miss
Herford for inking in these drawings. The Plates
XXXV to XLIV are noted in the next chapter.
42. PI. XLV. The green glazed altar of offerings
is a very unusual object, probably of early Ptolemaic
age. It has a band of palmetto pattern around the
edge, and is in perfect condition. It was found in
the earth at the south gateway of the pylon before
the West Hall ; it is now in the British Museum.
The limestone head was found at Athribis on the
site of a temple built by Ptolemy Physkon ; as it
is that of a king, by the uraeus (broken off) and
the character of it, it is doubtless from a statue of
Physkon. The Ptolemaic portraits are rare in stat-
uary, and this is apparently the only such in lime-
stone that has survived. This is now at Manchester.
The trial pieces were also from Athribis, and
are now at Munich. The pieces of the red granite
architrave of the pylon of Ptolemy IV are on a much
smaller scale than the other objects here. They will
be published more fully when it is seen if other
pieces can be recovered. The restoration is that
suggested by Prof. Sayce. The name of a queen
Arsinoe can only belong to one of the queens of
Ptolemy II or to the queen of Ptolemy IV; and of
these two kings the title Theos can only belong
to Ptolemy IV. The third line has been added
at a date after the erection, as it is but slightly
and roughly cut, while the first two lines are deep
and clear. These pieces are from the architrave
of the entrance added to the east side of the
temenos of Ptah, where the road from Bedrasheyn
now enters the mounds. Two granite capitals were
also found, of different types.
The piece of a Greek funeral stele is in white
marble ; it is now at New York. The examples of
alabaster vase-working shew on what a great scale it
was practised at Memphis, as thousands of drill cores
are found. At the back are seen three vases broken
in course of making ; at the right is a vase roughed
out ready to be drilled, and in front are five cores
from tube drills. Some examples have been sent
to most museums connected with the work.
43. PI. XLVI. A large quantity of pottery was
found in one group, while clearing to the east
of the temple of Merenptah. The forms are all
given in this plate ; and the two Greek vases, 5, 6,
give a date of about 300 B.C. So this may be taken
as the beginning of a corpus of early Ptolemaic
pottery, the first large series thus dated. With this
pottery was the mask of a satyr on PL XLIX, and
the glazed pottery figures, PI. XLVI I. These are the
only figures well dated to a late period, and give
a definite standard for comparison. The piece at
the lower left hand of the group is of black Greek
pottery.
PI. XLVI I also contains a group of lamps, probably
belonging to about 200 A.D. The designs may well
be copies of moulds of the time of Hadrian, while
the pottery on PL XLVI 11 found with them is
rather earlier than the pottery of the Illrd century
at Ehnasya. The handles belong to the lamps with
which they are placed, and there is one odd one in
the middle of each group. Other lamps found with
these are of the following types, published in Roman
Ehnasya :—A 40 ; B 30, 85, 93 ; E 55, 97 ; F 37 ;
J 92 ; P 86. These are all debased types ; and we
now learn that such were contemporary with the
fairly made triangular handles, and are as early as
200 A.D. Such a date quite accords with the dates
of the rough lamps found at Ehnasya.
PL XLIX. The statuette of Nefertum is curious,
as shewing that it was thought worth while to mend
such a figure, if broken in modelling. The crown
has been broken off, and rejoined before the glazing.
The mask we have already named as being found
with the lamps. The rest of the plate shews the
kiln and pieces of blue glazed pottery found in it.
The drawings of the forms are on the next plate.
The group of pottery kilns and waste lies to the
south end of Memphis, beyond the Kom Hellul.
We opened one kiln which had been abandoned, and
then been used later as a rubbish hole for wasters
from other kilns. I carefully verified, by working for
some time myself, that the wasters had been moved
out from the kiln where they were baked. The
view of the kiln is given in the plate. It was a pit
about six feet square and eight feet deep; no hole
was traced in the lower part, but more than halfway
up there was an arched opening to the west, about
two feet wide. This could not be for out-draught as
it faces the usual wind ; and therefore it seems that
the air was admitted to the upper part of the kiln.
The supports for the glazed pottery were cylinder
jars 10 inches wide and 7J inches high. The body
was of coarse brown and yellow pottery, fusing to a
dirty yellow-green. The jars are shewn by their
fusion, and by attached objects, to have been stood
mouth upwards in the furnace. Such jars were
placed mouth downwards in the time of the XVIIIth