DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.28687#0018
6
THE TOMBS OF THE NINTH AND TENTH DYNASTIES
The collars are correctly named usekli ne sheben,
divided in colour, and the usekli ne sma, united in
colour. The bows are again composite, red inside
for wood, and white outside, but only over the
middle where the tension is greatest.
12. Upon the bodies there were frequently car-
tonnage head-pieces, covering the chest and the
back of the head. Eighteen of these are recorded,
but very few could be preserved, as the damp and
air had rotted the cloth, and left only an inner
and outer shell of thin stucco. The linen bindings
round the body covered over the edges of the
mask. Most of these were for men, with facial hair
painted, in xiii, 14, 15 (536, U.C.;42i); some were
for women, as xiii, 16 (2114, Oxford). The latter
is well preserved as it was very early removed,
or perhaps never put on the body, and was buried
in sand, so that the air could not reach it.
These masks began from stucco and paint cover-
ing of the whole body. Then by the Vlth dynasty
only the exposed face and collar was formed, and
the rest supposed to be under the wrappings. This
continued till the Xllth dynasty. Then diminutive
plaster masks dwindled to only a couple of inches
wide (pi. lxiii, 267). In the XVIIIth and XIXth
dynasties, complete stucco covering was resumed,
and continued to the XXVlth. By late Ptolemaic
and early Roman times, the cartonnage reappears,
as in the IXth—Xllth dynasties.
13. Upon the bodies were neither jewellery,
nor amulets (except a carnelian leg, 1665, of the
Vlth dynasty), but only nine scarabs (sect. 35).
Bead collars were sometimes found, and in a few
instances were preserved in the original order of
threading (U. C.). Usually there were some blue
tube beads, mostly from remains of collars, in
plundered tombs. Two copper discs, found in
tombs 1008 (U. C.) and 2108 (Oxford), are inlaid
with two concentric rows of carnelian and blue-
glazed squares.
A remarkable group of beads was found with
tomb 1680. The amulets (xii, 1—33) were threaded
with short groups of three disc beads, 1, between
them. Other small disc beads were threaded in
four rows with a spacer-bar, upon the right wrist.
The larger ball beads, 2, which are slightly pear-
shaped, were the highest row on the neck, and the
amulets were lower down. No. 1 are small discs
of dark blue and of black glaze. 2 are beads of
full blue glaze. 3 and 4 are ivory figures of goat-
suckers, much lengthened [Anc.'Eg. 1915, 3). 5 to 7
are hawks of black manganese glaze (5, 6), full
blue (6), and green blue (7). 8 is probably a rough
head of Hat-her, black glaze. 9 is a bone tube inlaid
with lotus of black glaze, with blue glaze inlay
around. It may have been for drawing the ends
of a girdle through to fasten them, or a shoulder
fastener, as on Rahetep (Medum, xii, xiii). 10 is a
calcite scarab, with another, both plain on the
under side. 11 is a pottery scarab with black glaze.
12 is an uzat eye of sard; though broken, it is
clear that it had the cheek curve, which does not
appear in the Vlth dynasty (Deshaslieli, xxvi, 2, 6,
8, 12, 23). 13, an uzat eye, is an important piece
of glass, built of alternate layers of white and
manganese black, as is clearly seen in a second
example, broken. This adds another to the instances
of early glass, and this group is dated to the Xth
dynasty (period 6). The same style of colouring
continues down to the XXIIIrd dynasty, for long
beads, as at Lahun. 14 is a white paste cowroid,
with green glaze still in the lines, which covered
it originally. 15 is a crocodile in ivory, the head
broken away. 16 seems to be a bull-headed Hapi(?)
in ivory. 17 is a bird of full blue glaze. 18 is
Anubis (?) cut in chert. 19 is a baboon of ivory.
20 to 26 are pendants of ivory (3), carnelian, part
of a leg of sard, carnelian, and two of limestone.
27 is of blue glaze. 28 of brownish glaze. 29, 3o
of carnelian. 31 is of black manganese glaze, with
quartz chips covered with green glaze, a regular
“ crumb bead,” with two smaller. 32 is of blue,
33 of dark blue. For the dating of glass (imported),
and of amulets, this is an important group. (Univ.
Coll.)
On, or by, the feet there were often model sandals
made of wood. Two different patterns are given in
pi. xiii, 11, 12. They are noted next to the coffin,
in the register. Four copper mirrors were found,
two with female burials, and two unspecified.
14. The furniture of the tombs consisted mainly
of the statuettes of the deceased and the groups
of servant figures. These originated with the lime-
stone models of servants in the IVth dynasty.
By the Vlth dynasty, wooden figures were made,
covered with carefully modelled stucco, as for
Nenna (1, 22, 23). Less precise figures succeeded,
until they became rough dolls, white-washed. In
the Xlth dynasty there was a great revival of
wooden figures, and most beautiful and detailed
models were made, but the fashion disappeared in
the Xllth dynasty, and only survived with some
THE TOMBS OF THE NINTH AND TENTH DYNASTIES
The collars are correctly named usekli ne sheben,
divided in colour, and the usekli ne sma, united in
colour. The bows are again composite, red inside
for wood, and white outside, but only over the
middle where the tension is greatest.
12. Upon the bodies there were frequently car-
tonnage head-pieces, covering the chest and the
back of the head. Eighteen of these are recorded,
but very few could be preserved, as the damp and
air had rotted the cloth, and left only an inner
and outer shell of thin stucco. The linen bindings
round the body covered over the edges of the
mask. Most of these were for men, with facial hair
painted, in xiii, 14, 15 (536, U.C.;42i); some were
for women, as xiii, 16 (2114, Oxford). The latter
is well preserved as it was very early removed,
or perhaps never put on the body, and was buried
in sand, so that the air could not reach it.
These masks began from stucco and paint cover-
ing of the whole body. Then by the Vlth dynasty
only the exposed face and collar was formed, and
the rest supposed to be under the wrappings. This
continued till the Xllth dynasty. Then diminutive
plaster masks dwindled to only a couple of inches
wide (pi. lxiii, 267). In the XVIIIth and XIXth
dynasties, complete stucco covering was resumed,
and continued to the XXVlth. By late Ptolemaic
and early Roman times, the cartonnage reappears,
as in the IXth—Xllth dynasties.
13. Upon the bodies were neither jewellery,
nor amulets (except a carnelian leg, 1665, of the
Vlth dynasty), but only nine scarabs (sect. 35).
Bead collars were sometimes found, and in a few
instances were preserved in the original order of
threading (U. C.). Usually there were some blue
tube beads, mostly from remains of collars, in
plundered tombs. Two copper discs, found in
tombs 1008 (U. C.) and 2108 (Oxford), are inlaid
with two concentric rows of carnelian and blue-
glazed squares.
A remarkable group of beads was found with
tomb 1680. The amulets (xii, 1—33) were threaded
with short groups of three disc beads, 1, between
them. Other small disc beads were threaded in
four rows with a spacer-bar, upon the right wrist.
The larger ball beads, 2, which are slightly pear-
shaped, were the highest row on the neck, and the
amulets were lower down. No. 1 are small discs
of dark blue and of black glaze. 2 are beads of
full blue glaze. 3 and 4 are ivory figures of goat-
suckers, much lengthened [Anc.'Eg. 1915, 3). 5 to 7
are hawks of black manganese glaze (5, 6), full
blue (6), and green blue (7). 8 is probably a rough
head of Hat-her, black glaze. 9 is a bone tube inlaid
with lotus of black glaze, with blue glaze inlay
around. It may have been for drawing the ends
of a girdle through to fasten them, or a shoulder
fastener, as on Rahetep (Medum, xii, xiii). 10 is a
calcite scarab, with another, both plain on the
under side. 11 is a pottery scarab with black glaze.
12 is an uzat eye of sard; though broken, it is
clear that it had the cheek curve, which does not
appear in the Vlth dynasty (Deshaslieli, xxvi, 2, 6,
8, 12, 23). 13, an uzat eye, is an important piece
of glass, built of alternate layers of white and
manganese black, as is clearly seen in a second
example, broken. This adds another to the instances
of early glass, and this group is dated to the Xth
dynasty (period 6). The same style of colouring
continues down to the XXIIIrd dynasty, for long
beads, as at Lahun. 14 is a white paste cowroid,
with green glaze still in the lines, which covered
it originally. 15 is a crocodile in ivory, the head
broken away. 16 seems to be a bull-headed Hapi(?)
in ivory. 17 is a bird of full blue glaze. 18 is
Anubis (?) cut in chert. 19 is a baboon of ivory.
20 to 26 are pendants of ivory (3), carnelian, part
of a leg of sard, carnelian, and two of limestone.
27 is of blue glaze. 28 of brownish glaze. 29, 3o
of carnelian. 31 is of black manganese glaze, with
quartz chips covered with green glaze, a regular
“ crumb bead,” with two smaller. 32 is of blue,
33 of dark blue. For the dating of glass (imported),
and of amulets, this is an important group. (Univ.
Coll.)
On, or by, the feet there were often model sandals
made of wood. Two different patterns are given in
pi. xiii, 11, 12. They are noted next to the coffin,
in the register. Four copper mirrors were found,
two with female burials, and two unspecified.
14. The furniture of the tombs consisted mainly
of the statuettes of the deceased and the groups
of servant figures. These originated with the lime-
stone models of servants in the IVth dynasty.
By the Vlth dynasty, wooden figures were made,
covered with carefully modelled stucco, as for
Nenna (1, 22, 23). Less precise figures succeeded,
until they became rough dolls, white-washed. In
the Xlth dynasty there was a great revival of
wooden figures, and most beautiful and detailed
models were made, but the fashion disappeared in
the Xllth dynasty, and only survived with some