DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.28687#0033
NUBIAN AND ROMAN GRAVES
21
XVIIth dynasty. The pottery is more of the early
XVIIIth dynasty type, and is therefore included in
that corpus. The rim of one pot only was coloured
purple; the others, when coloured, being black.
Shell ring beads were like those in the XVIth
dynasty cemetery, while amethyst ball and barrel
beads were early in form. Scarabs (pi. xliii, 1—4)
were of Hyksos type: the multiple scarab, 2, is
well known in the XVIIth dynasty, and has the
circles on the base (tomb 1202). The type of grave,
and position of the body, was the same as in the
neighbouring cemetery. The pots were placed at
head and/or feet. One mummy (grave 1223) showed
hair on the body.
Mingled with these graves, but never interfering,
were shallow circular pits, some 3 feet deep, and
running up to 4 feet or more in diameter. They
were also found in groups at several other points
close to the cultivation. There was never any
fragment of bone in them, and it is hardly possible
that they can have been graves. In only one
instance was any object found in them; in pit 1232,
close to the XVIIIth dynasty graves by the
pumping station, there were four pots of coarse
brown ware (pi. lxiv, i—3). One was a store-jar (1),
full of grain, which Mr. Thos. W. Brown has
identified as wheat. There were two examples of 2.
The bowl 3 was brown outside and black burnished
inside, with a pattern of hatched rhombs just visible
in the black. Far away on a hill-top, commanding
a wide view, we noticed that the ground had been
disturbed. Digging produced nothing but ashes
and a few sherds. One of these had the black
burnishing with decoration of a similar character.
The suggestion is that the pottery was used by
an outpost, probably of mercenaries. There are
points of resemblance with Reisner’s C-Group
Nubian pottery.
Near the pumping-station, a few pits of regular
XVIIIth dynasty type were excavated. See register,
pi. xlvii, for details. Both kohl-pots and kohl-tubes
were found, and the graves run probably from the
beginning of the dynasty to the reign of Amen-
hetep II, but hardly later. The monkey kohl-tube
in dark blue-green glaze, 1214, was the best object
found (pi. xlii, 5). A group of eight bronze lance-
heads from 1228 (pi. xliii, 98) is also noteworthy.
Three scarabs from i23i (pi. xliii, 5—7) include
one, 5, with the usekht collar, which was used in
the Xllth dynasty but not in the XVIIIth. A scarab
of Ramessu III was found by Mr. Neilson close to
the traces of a brick wall 304 feet in length. This wall
was situated 2 miles south of the pumping-station.
Nothing else could be found in the neighbourhood.
37. Of the Roman period no finds of importance
were made. A few hundred yards west of the gisr
group of Ilnd dynasty tombs, there were well-
preserved remains of a house, containing, beside the
usual pottery and glass fragments of the Constantine
age, some remnants of fishing nets and weaving
apparatus with yarn.
On a rise north of this lay a considerable
number of Roman graves of the poorest kind. The
bodies were buried without coffins, and covered
with lengths of date-palm trunks, split in two,
and resting on ledges in the sides of the graves,
24 inches from the bottom.
At Bahsamfin, Mr. Neilson noticed Roman brick
ruins with sherds and glass. At K6m Simfin he
observed sherds of Constantine period, plentiful
green glass fragments, and pieces of drawn and
twisted polychrome glass. There was also evidence
of limestone capitals, sculptured with acanthus
leaves, of crude work, and square tiles of white
glaze. For previous work see Petrie, Deshasheh,
pp. 38—41.
21
XVIIth dynasty. The pottery is more of the early
XVIIIth dynasty type, and is therefore included in
that corpus. The rim of one pot only was coloured
purple; the others, when coloured, being black.
Shell ring beads were like those in the XVIth
dynasty cemetery, while amethyst ball and barrel
beads were early in form. Scarabs (pi. xliii, 1—4)
were of Hyksos type: the multiple scarab, 2, is
well known in the XVIIth dynasty, and has the
circles on the base (tomb 1202). The type of grave,
and position of the body, was the same as in the
neighbouring cemetery. The pots were placed at
head and/or feet. One mummy (grave 1223) showed
hair on the body.
Mingled with these graves, but never interfering,
were shallow circular pits, some 3 feet deep, and
running up to 4 feet or more in diameter. They
were also found in groups at several other points
close to the cultivation. There was never any
fragment of bone in them, and it is hardly possible
that they can have been graves. In only one
instance was any object found in them; in pit 1232,
close to the XVIIIth dynasty graves by the
pumping station, there were four pots of coarse
brown ware (pi. lxiv, i—3). One was a store-jar (1),
full of grain, which Mr. Thos. W. Brown has
identified as wheat. There were two examples of 2.
The bowl 3 was brown outside and black burnished
inside, with a pattern of hatched rhombs just visible
in the black. Far away on a hill-top, commanding
a wide view, we noticed that the ground had been
disturbed. Digging produced nothing but ashes
and a few sherds. One of these had the black
burnishing with decoration of a similar character.
The suggestion is that the pottery was used by
an outpost, probably of mercenaries. There are
points of resemblance with Reisner’s C-Group
Nubian pottery.
Near the pumping-station, a few pits of regular
XVIIIth dynasty type were excavated. See register,
pi. xlvii, for details. Both kohl-pots and kohl-tubes
were found, and the graves run probably from the
beginning of the dynasty to the reign of Amen-
hetep II, but hardly later. The monkey kohl-tube
in dark blue-green glaze, 1214, was the best object
found (pi. xlii, 5). A group of eight bronze lance-
heads from 1228 (pi. xliii, 98) is also noteworthy.
Three scarabs from i23i (pi. xliii, 5—7) include
one, 5, with the usekht collar, which was used in
the Xllth dynasty but not in the XVIIIth. A scarab
of Ramessu III was found by Mr. Neilson close to
the traces of a brick wall 304 feet in length. This wall
was situated 2 miles south of the pumping-station.
Nothing else could be found in the neighbourhood.
37. Of the Roman period no finds of importance
were made. A few hundred yards west of the gisr
group of Ilnd dynasty tombs, there were well-
preserved remains of a house, containing, beside the
usual pottery and glass fragments of the Constantine
age, some remnants of fishing nets and weaving
apparatus with yarn.
On a rise north of this lay a considerable
number of Roman graves of the poorest kind. The
bodies were buried without coffins, and covered
with lengths of date-palm trunks, split in two,
and resting on ledges in the sides of the graves,
24 inches from the bottom.
At Bahsamfin, Mr. Neilson noticed Roman brick
ruins with sherds and glass. At K6m Simfin he
observed sherds of Constantine period, plentiful
green glass fragments, and pieces of drawn and
twisted polychrome glass. There was also evidence
of limestone capitals, sculptured with acanthus
leaves, of crude work, and square tiles of white
glaze. For previous work see Petrie, Deshasheh,
pp. 38—41.