DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.28688#0019
RAMES, SETY, PAHENNETER TOMBS
27
are drawn on pi. lxxvii, 1 to 17. There were 9 with
the chapter inscribed on whitened wood, as 1; with
the name only, as 3, 4, 5, 6, there were 17; none
of these had the kilt.
Of Thiy, presumably the wife, there was one
with the chapter (2), and one with the kilt (7).
Of plain wood (fig. 12) there were 84 and 3 with
kilt; black wood 54, and 4 kilted; pottery, good, 4,
pitched 15; wood rudely inscribed 8, and x kilted.
Total 192 and 9 with kilt. There were also wfith
other names, Khnum-em-heb 9 and 2 kilted (fig. 10);
glazed 2 (fig. 9); Hershefdada 5 (fig. 11); Ma& 17
(fig. 17); Behuru 5; Au (fig. 16); Arurne? (fig. 15);
two hieratic (fig. i3, 14) and of pottery painted
yellow (fig. 8).
The number for Rames, 201, with 9 overseers,
seems to show that a round hundred was already
intended, like 400 later; and one in twenty was
headman, instead of one in ten, later. It is to be
observed that only a single ushabti was found in
any burial of the XVIIIth dynasty; but as soon as
we reach the XIXth, there are 200; this sudden
change was already noted, from other instances
{Ancient Egypt 1916, 159, 162), as the transfer from
being figures of the master to being figures of the
servants. The extremely different quality in the
same tomb, as here and in tomb 33, suggests that
each member of the family, household, and labourers
had to provide a substitute to work in the future.
From this tomb was a long papyrus of the Book
of the Dead; it had been roughly unrolled, and
left lying in a heap covered with rubbish, in the
tomb doorway. It was brought away so far as
possible, and the hundreds of fragments need
restoration. The work of it is the most delicate
that I have seen, in the drawing and colouring
of the birds and animals; the face of Osiris and
ornaments of the gods are gilded, and this is
also very unusual. It contains not only the usual
chapters, but some parts of the pyramid texts.
(Cambridge.)
48. Coming, later, to the reign of Ramessu II,
there is a great tomb (i38) of a royal scribe, general,
chief of the followers, royal messenger in all lands,
Sety. Six octagonal columns (lxix) were placed in the
tomb chamber to support the soft rock roof, and each
of these had four inscriptions, varying in reference
to the gods, and in the titles. The gods named
are Osiris, 7, and 1 “ prince of eternity ”; Ptah 7,
Anup 5, Hathor 2, Isis 1, illegible 1: see pi. lxix.
There are two unusual titles “ Ptah making works in
all things good and pure,” and “ Ptah circulating
eternally.” (These pillars are at Cairo, Brussels,
Carlsberg, Chicago and Philadelphia.) There were
pieces of blue glazed canopic jars, and of plain
glazed and wooden ushabtis.
Almost certainly from this tomb were blocks
(pi. lxx) re-used at the north-east edge of hill A,
in tomb 273. The title “ royal messenger ” is on
block 2, and on pillar-face 2; the title “ great
chief of archers” is on block 3 and pillar-face 9;
the title “head chief of messengers of his majesty”
is on block 5 and pillar-face 10; and the name
ended with a reed-leaf on block 2, which would
agree with the name Sety. The work of the faces
here has a mechanical grace, descended from the
beauty of the previous dynasty.
49. Another large tomb, 33, was that of Pa-hen-
neter, with the stele pi. lxviii; this represents the
man and his wife Thy, “ his sister, his beloved,
in his heart,” offering to Herakhti-Tum and to
Osiris; also him, and his mother Buftya, offering
to Hershefi and to Amen. His titles were master
of the cavalry and over the archers; his son was
the charioteer Nefer. On the edges, the servants
have added their names, headed by the artist,
“ scribe engraver,” Yehu-nama; this seems to be
a Hebrew name Yehu-nam, or “ Yehu speaks”;
just the converse of the familiar phrase “ Saith
the Lord.” The strong h in hu is found in other
instances of compounds, as equivalent to the
Semitic he. (Chicago.)
In this tomb was the sarcophagus of black
granite lv, 21, the inscriptions of which are in
pi. lvi. It is plain that the name of Pa-hen-neter
has been put over an erasure; in one place the
original name remains, Pasar, in another place
part of the original title er seinyt “ to (all) lands.”
This agrees with the titles of Pasar, who was a
follower of the king to all lands, under Amen-
hetep II, a date which would well agree with the
style of the sarcophagus. As he was buried at
Qurneh, this must have been stolen and traded
down to Herakleopolis. (Philadelphia.) This is per-
haps the same person as Pasar named on a cone
{Season xxii, 41).
The ushabtis of this tomb were very varied.
There were a few finely glazed, brown on white,
lxxviii, 28, or blue-green, 29 (U. C.), with the
inscription for “the charioteer Pa-neter-hen”; also
an immense quantity of pottery ushabtis of all
degrees of cheapness, 3i, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37. A few
27
are drawn on pi. lxxvii, 1 to 17. There were 9 with
the chapter inscribed on whitened wood, as 1; with
the name only, as 3, 4, 5, 6, there were 17; none
of these had the kilt.
Of Thiy, presumably the wife, there was one
with the chapter (2), and one with the kilt (7).
Of plain wood (fig. 12) there were 84 and 3 with
kilt; black wood 54, and 4 kilted; pottery, good, 4,
pitched 15; wood rudely inscribed 8, and x kilted.
Total 192 and 9 with kilt. There were also wfith
other names, Khnum-em-heb 9 and 2 kilted (fig. 10);
glazed 2 (fig. 9); Hershefdada 5 (fig. 11); Ma& 17
(fig. 17); Behuru 5; Au (fig. 16); Arurne? (fig. 15);
two hieratic (fig. i3, 14) and of pottery painted
yellow (fig. 8).
The number for Rames, 201, with 9 overseers,
seems to show that a round hundred was already
intended, like 400 later; and one in twenty was
headman, instead of one in ten, later. It is to be
observed that only a single ushabti was found in
any burial of the XVIIIth dynasty; but as soon as
we reach the XIXth, there are 200; this sudden
change was already noted, from other instances
{Ancient Egypt 1916, 159, 162), as the transfer from
being figures of the master to being figures of the
servants. The extremely different quality in the
same tomb, as here and in tomb 33, suggests that
each member of the family, household, and labourers
had to provide a substitute to work in the future.
From this tomb was a long papyrus of the Book
of the Dead; it had been roughly unrolled, and
left lying in a heap covered with rubbish, in the
tomb doorway. It was brought away so far as
possible, and the hundreds of fragments need
restoration. The work of it is the most delicate
that I have seen, in the drawing and colouring
of the birds and animals; the face of Osiris and
ornaments of the gods are gilded, and this is
also very unusual. It contains not only the usual
chapters, but some parts of the pyramid texts.
(Cambridge.)
48. Coming, later, to the reign of Ramessu II,
there is a great tomb (i38) of a royal scribe, general,
chief of the followers, royal messenger in all lands,
Sety. Six octagonal columns (lxix) were placed in the
tomb chamber to support the soft rock roof, and each
of these had four inscriptions, varying in reference
to the gods, and in the titles. The gods named
are Osiris, 7, and 1 “ prince of eternity ”; Ptah 7,
Anup 5, Hathor 2, Isis 1, illegible 1: see pi. lxix.
There are two unusual titles “ Ptah making works in
all things good and pure,” and “ Ptah circulating
eternally.” (These pillars are at Cairo, Brussels,
Carlsberg, Chicago and Philadelphia.) There were
pieces of blue glazed canopic jars, and of plain
glazed and wooden ushabtis.
Almost certainly from this tomb were blocks
(pi. lxx) re-used at the north-east edge of hill A,
in tomb 273. The title “ royal messenger ” is on
block 2, and on pillar-face 2; the title “ great
chief of archers” is on block 3 and pillar-face 9;
the title “head chief of messengers of his majesty”
is on block 5 and pillar-face 10; and the name
ended with a reed-leaf on block 2, which would
agree with the name Sety. The work of the faces
here has a mechanical grace, descended from the
beauty of the previous dynasty.
49. Another large tomb, 33, was that of Pa-hen-
neter, with the stele pi. lxviii; this represents the
man and his wife Thy, “ his sister, his beloved,
in his heart,” offering to Herakhti-Tum and to
Osiris; also him, and his mother Buftya, offering
to Hershefi and to Amen. His titles were master
of the cavalry and over the archers; his son was
the charioteer Nefer. On the edges, the servants
have added their names, headed by the artist,
“ scribe engraver,” Yehu-nama; this seems to be
a Hebrew name Yehu-nam, or “ Yehu speaks”;
just the converse of the familiar phrase “ Saith
the Lord.” The strong h in hu is found in other
instances of compounds, as equivalent to the
Semitic he. (Chicago.)
In this tomb was the sarcophagus of black
granite lv, 21, the inscriptions of which are in
pi. lvi. It is plain that the name of Pa-hen-neter
has been put over an erasure; in one place the
original name remains, Pasar, in another place
part of the original title er seinyt “ to (all) lands.”
This agrees with the titles of Pasar, who was a
follower of the king to all lands, under Amen-
hetep II, a date which would well agree with the
style of the sarcophagus. As he was buried at
Qurneh, this must have been stolen and traded
down to Herakleopolis. (Philadelphia.) This is per-
haps the same person as Pasar named on a cone
{Season xxii, 41).
The ushabtis of this tomb were very varied.
There were a few finely glazed, brown on white,
lxxviii, 28, or blue-green, 29 (U. C.), with the
inscription for “the charioteer Pa-neter-hen”; also
an immense quantity of pottery ushabtis of all
degrees of cheapness, 3i, 32, 33, 35, 36, 37. A few