DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.49517#0054
26
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on No. 11 to read his name, Kha-kauw-ra. No. 6 also bears the names of a king, of which
only the nswti-biti-name can be read, Seshesh-ra-khuw-tauwi (Dyn. XIII). No. 6 presents
the only fragment of more than half the statue. Nos. 20, 21, and 24 were from female
figures, probably queens. Nos. 43, 69, 73, 82, 83, and 91 were from private statuettes.
Twenty-four of the ninety-four numbers were from KX; and in addition, ninety-five
unlisted fragments were recorded.
In chapel B of K XV, a group of objects was found which seemed to me to be connected
with another group lying between this chapel and K XV, and to have been thrown out
along with the second group from K XV. The burial chamber of K XV itself had been
swept clean by the plunderers. In the debris of K XV two small fragments were found, one
of a statuette of a scribe (No. 56), and one weathered fragment, but they cannot be assigned
with any certainty to this tomb. Between K XIV B and K XV, however, a small standing
statuette (No. 35) lying on the surface was uncovered which, on account of its association
with an alabaster kohl-pot, a tiny dagger, and a number of vessels such as are found in the
graves, must have come either from K XIV or K XV and, I think, judging by the position
of the deposit, from K XV. This statuette bore the name of the chief of the elders (?),
Menthu whotep.
In tumulus K XVI also, parts of statuettes were found under circumstances which indi-
dicated that the tumulus was their place of origin. Two of the pieces found there were of
importance, one, a standing royal statuette of wood (No. 1), and the other, a seated
private statuette of a woman of black granite (No. 34). Neither bore any inscription on
the parts preserved. Two other fragments were found, one of which (No. 62) presented a
type which I have not noted elsewhere.
The fragment No. 18 and twenty small bits were found in the debris of K XXXIX,
while No. 44, weathered, was found above K XXI. These fragments are, I believe, from
K XXXIX (see Vol. V, pp. 112-114).
(3) The origin of the statues and statuettes found at Kerma, and the
EXPLANATION OF THEIR CONDITION
The origin of the greater part of the statues and statuettes found at Kerma seems to me
clear. The statue of Sennuwy was practically in its original place; the statuette of Men-
thu whotep had plainly been thrown out of the burial chamber of K XV; the majority of
the fragments and especially the larger pieces were found in the debris either in the main
burial apartments or scattered radially from the main chamber. In Egypt, in the Middle
Kingdom, figures of the deceased, his relations, and servants are almost always found m the
burial chamber of the men of higher rank; and while we know that statuettes were also
placed in the funerary chapels, few examples have been found preserved, o'wing, no doubt,
to their exposed position. Thus it is to be concluded that part at least of the statues and
statuettes of which fragments were found had originally stood in the sacrificial corridors of
the great tumuli and a few in the burial chambers of the minor tumuli.
There were only two funerary chapels of any size attached to the tumuli, K II belonging
to K III, and K XI to K X. It is impossible to reconstruct the tumuli with a chapel on the
summit for two reasons. In the first place, no foundations are provided for such a chapel,
and even small, crude-brick structures cannot be founded on such loose debris as was the
filling of these tumuli. Moreover, it is not reasonable to assume a chapel founded on the walls
HARVARD AFRICAN STUDIES
on No. 11 to read his name, Kha-kauw-ra. No. 6 also bears the names of a king, of which
only the nswti-biti-name can be read, Seshesh-ra-khuw-tauwi (Dyn. XIII). No. 6 presents
the only fragment of more than half the statue. Nos. 20, 21, and 24 were from female
figures, probably queens. Nos. 43, 69, 73, 82, 83, and 91 were from private statuettes.
Twenty-four of the ninety-four numbers were from KX; and in addition, ninety-five
unlisted fragments were recorded.
In chapel B of K XV, a group of objects was found which seemed to me to be connected
with another group lying between this chapel and K XV, and to have been thrown out
along with the second group from K XV. The burial chamber of K XV itself had been
swept clean by the plunderers. In the debris of K XV two small fragments were found, one
of a statuette of a scribe (No. 56), and one weathered fragment, but they cannot be assigned
with any certainty to this tomb. Between K XIV B and K XV, however, a small standing
statuette (No. 35) lying on the surface was uncovered which, on account of its association
with an alabaster kohl-pot, a tiny dagger, and a number of vessels such as are found in the
graves, must have come either from K XIV or K XV and, I think, judging by the position
of the deposit, from K XV. This statuette bore the name of the chief of the elders (?),
Menthu whotep.
In tumulus K XVI also, parts of statuettes were found under circumstances which indi-
dicated that the tumulus was their place of origin. Two of the pieces found there were of
importance, one, a standing royal statuette of wood (No. 1), and the other, a seated
private statuette of a woman of black granite (No. 34). Neither bore any inscription on
the parts preserved. Two other fragments were found, one of which (No. 62) presented a
type which I have not noted elsewhere.
The fragment No. 18 and twenty small bits were found in the debris of K XXXIX,
while No. 44, weathered, was found above K XXI. These fragments are, I believe, from
K XXXIX (see Vol. V, pp. 112-114).
(3) The origin of the statues and statuettes found at Kerma, and the
EXPLANATION OF THEIR CONDITION
The origin of the greater part of the statues and statuettes found at Kerma seems to me
clear. The statue of Sennuwy was practically in its original place; the statuette of Men-
thu whotep had plainly been thrown out of the burial chamber of K XV; the majority of
the fragments and especially the larger pieces were found in the debris either in the main
burial apartments or scattered radially from the main chamber. In Egypt, in the Middle
Kingdom, figures of the deceased, his relations, and servants are almost always found m the
burial chamber of the men of higher rank; and while we know that statuettes were also
placed in the funerary chapels, few examples have been found preserved, o'wing, no doubt,
to their exposed position. Thus it is to be concluded that part at least of the statues and
statuettes of which fragments were found had originally stood in the sacrificial corridors of
the great tumuli and a few in the burial chambers of the minor tumuli.
There were only two funerary chapels of any size attached to the tumuli, K II belonging
to K III, and K XI to K X. It is impossible to reconstruct the tumuli with a chapel on the
summit for two reasons. In the first place, no foundations are provided for such a chapel,
and even small, crude-brick structures cannot be founded on such loose debris as was the
filling of these tumuli. Moreover, it is not reasonable to assume a chapel founded on the walls