DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.49512#0422
386
APPENDIX B
Group (Z>) presents the following mastabas:
(1) FS 3050: easternmost and largest mastaba in group; orientation differs from rest, as north axis points farther east;
no details of mastaba or substructure obtained.
Behind this lie four (?) large mastabas, taken from east to west: FS 3054, 3060, 3061, and 3063 (?).
(2) FS 3054: two-niched mastaba; southern niche of palace-facade type; substructure type IV A or B; Dyn. Ill (?).
(3) FS 3060: two-niched mastaba; southern niche of palace-fagade type; type IV A or B; portcullis groove; details
not reported: Dyn. Ill (?).
(4) FS 3061: on map but not in Firth’s notes; two-niched mastaba, details not available.
(5) FS 3063: not on map, but in Firth’s notes: ‘Important mastaba of Dynasty III type, much denuded’.
In this group lie also three small mastabas, 3053, 3058, and 3059, the relation of which to the larger mastabas is not
clearly discernible:
(6) FS 3053: mastaba similar to 3054 but smaller; lies between 3050 and 3054 at a divergent angle; substructure
type IV A (2); Dyn. Ill (?).
(7) FS 3058: lies between 3054 and 3060; two-niched mastaba; substructure type IV C; stepped shaft; Dyn. III-IV.
(8) FS 3059: lies behind southern end of 3058 and south of 3060; deeper south niche or small chapel; three niches in
facade north of south niche; corridor chapel; three shafts type VI: Dyn. IV (?).
Group (c) is an irregularly shaped excavation immediately west of Hesy-ra. The most important mastaba, FS 3020
(1,137 sq. m.), lies within a few metres of Hesy-ra itself. Another mastaba, almost equally large, 3007+3015, lies on the
western edge of the excavation, about 40 metres north-west of 3020. There are three other mastabas of over 400 square
metres, 3017, 3003, and 3004, seven mastabas of varying sizes between 50 and 200 square metres, and five which cannot
be measured. Most of these tombs have substructures of type IV B, with a few cases of type IV A. The group is
obviously of Dyn. Ill, and probably begins with 3020. Following the general trend of the larger mastabas, I give them
in the following order:
(1) FS 3020: true cruciform chapel and northern subsidiary niche; the chapel embrasure and doorway have been cased
in stone, apparently to form a deep niche with stone &«-door at back (just in front of c.b. niche); this stone
niche had a door-jamb on each side at the entrance (cf. c.b. chapel FS 3040); area 1,137 sq. m.; substructure
type IV B; stair from east turning south; Dyn. Ill, Zoser (?), earlier than Hesy-ra.
(2) FS 3017: with south-east corner in contact with north-west corner of 3020; two-niched mastaba, with deep com-
pound niche at south end; area 525 sq. m.; substructure type IV B, stair from north; Dyn. HI.
(3) FS 3003: west of northern end of 3017; cruciform chapel and subsidiary northern niche; short passage leads through
south wall of chapel into a corridor running west and then north to form corridor chapel of 3004; area 427 sq. m.;
substructure type IV B; Dyn. HI (?).
(4) FS 3004: immediately west of 3003 and connected with it by corridor; cruciform chapel and subsidiary niche; area
417 sq. m.; substructure type IV B; Dyn. HI (?).
(5) FS 3007+3015: immediately south-west of 3004; mastaba not clearly defined, and details not available; area 1,188
(?) sq. m.; substructure, two burial-places, type IV B; Dyn. HI (?).
East of this diagonal line of mastabas lie three smaller tombs, FS 3018 (east of 3017), FS 3019, and 3021 (east of 3003).
There is one other small tomb, FS 3022, which appears to have been overbuilt by the north-east corner of 3003. These
four will be given among the small tombs below.
Returning to 3020, there is a space directly west of the back wall, extending to the front of 3010 about 20 metres
away. In this space appear to have stood several tombs (3013, 3014 (?), and on the north-west the front of 3012), but
the details of this space are not clearly observable. The larger mastabas north and west of this area are FS 3009, 3010,
and 3011.
(6) FS 3009: west of 3017: on south one large compound niche (possibly lesser niches on facade, destroyed); exterior
corridor chapel with entrance on north; area 231 sq. m.; substructure, two burial-places, on south shaft type VI;
on north, type IV B; Dyn. HI (?).
(7) FS 3010: 20 metres west of 3020; on south, modified cruciform chapel with traces of wooden stela; on north, small
APPENDIX B
Group (Z>) presents the following mastabas:
(1) FS 3050: easternmost and largest mastaba in group; orientation differs from rest, as north axis points farther east;
no details of mastaba or substructure obtained.
Behind this lie four (?) large mastabas, taken from east to west: FS 3054, 3060, 3061, and 3063 (?).
(2) FS 3054: two-niched mastaba; southern niche of palace-facade type; substructure type IV A or B; Dyn. Ill (?).
(3) FS 3060: two-niched mastaba; southern niche of palace-fagade type; type IV A or B; portcullis groove; details
not reported: Dyn. Ill (?).
(4) FS 3061: on map but not in Firth’s notes; two-niched mastaba, details not available.
(5) FS 3063: not on map, but in Firth’s notes: ‘Important mastaba of Dynasty III type, much denuded’.
In this group lie also three small mastabas, 3053, 3058, and 3059, the relation of which to the larger mastabas is not
clearly discernible:
(6) FS 3053: mastaba similar to 3054 but smaller; lies between 3050 and 3054 at a divergent angle; substructure
type IV A (2); Dyn. Ill (?).
(7) FS 3058: lies between 3054 and 3060; two-niched mastaba; substructure type IV C; stepped shaft; Dyn. III-IV.
(8) FS 3059: lies behind southern end of 3058 and south of 3060; deeper south niche or small chapel; three niches in
facade north of south niche; corridor chapel; three shafts type VI: Dyn. IV (?).
Group (c) is an irregularly shaped excavation immediately west of Hesy-ra. The most important mastaba, FS 3020
(1,137 sq. m.), lies within a few metres of Hesy-ra itself. Another mastaba, almost equally large, 3007+3015, lies on the
western edge of the excavation, about 40 metres north-west of 3020. There are three other mastabas of over 400 square
metres, 3017, 3003, and 3004, seven mastabas of varying sizes between 50 and 200 square metres, and five which cannot
be measured. Most of these tombs have substructures of type IV B, with a few cases of type IV A. The group is
obviously of Dyn. Ill, and probably begins with 3020. Following the general trend of the larger mastabas, I give them
in the following order:
(1) FS 3020: true cruciform chapel and northern subsidiary niche; the chapel embrasure and doorway have been cased
in stone, apparently to form a deep niche with stone &«-door at back (just in front of c.b. niche); this stone
niche had a door-jamb on each side at the entrance (cf. c.b. chapel FS 3040); area 1,137 sq. m.; substructure
type IV B; stair from east turning south; Dyn. Ill, Zoser (?), earlier than Hesy-ra.
(2) FS 3017: with south-east corner in contact with north-west corner of 3020; two-niched mastaba, with deep com-
pound niche at south end; area 525 sq. m.; substructure type IV B, stair from north; Dyn. HI.
(3) FS 3003: west of northern end of 3017; cruciform chapel and subsidiary northern niche; short passage leads through
south wall of chapel into a corridor running west and then north to form corridor chapel of 3004; area 427 sq. m.;
substructure type IV B; Dyn. HI (?).
(4) FS 3004: immediately west of 3003 and connected with it by corridor; cruciform chapel and subsidiary niche; area
417 sq. m.; substructure type IV B; Dyn. HI (?).
(5) FS 3007+3015: immediately south-west of 3004; mastaba not clearly defined, and details not available; area 1,188
(?) sq. m.; substructure, two burial-places, type IV B; Dyn. HI (?).
East of this diagonal line of mastabas lie three smaller tombs, FS 3018 (east of 3017), FS 3019, and 3021 (east of 3003).
There is one other small tomb, FS 3022, which appears to have been overbuilt by the north-east corner of 3003. These
four will be given among the small tombs below.
Returning to 3020, there is a space directly west of the back wall, extending to the front of 3010 about 20 metres
away. In this space appear to have stood several tombs (3013, 3014 (?), and on the north-west the front of 3012), but
the details of this space are not clearly observable. The larger mastabas north and west of this area are FS 3009, 3010,
and 3011.
(6) FS 3009: west of 3017: on south one large compound niche (possibly lesser niches on facade, destroyed); exterior
corridor chapel with entrance on north; area 231 sq. m.; substructure, two burial-places, on south shaft type VI;
on north, type IV B; Dyn. HI (?).
(7) FS 3010: 20 metres west of 3020; on south, modified cruciform chapel with traces of wooden stela; on north, small