Risley, Herbert H.; Crooke, William [Editor]: The people of India: being an attempt to trace the progress of the national mind in its various aspects, as reflected in the nation’s literature from the earliest times to the present day ; with copious extracts from the best writers (Calcutta [u.a.], 1915)

APPENDIX I 331

Vellala chief among cultivators; Kallar chief among thieves. Trust not a
Wack Brahman nor a fair Pariah. Like a Pariah and a Brahman (oil and vinegar),
he tricks of a goldsmith and a weaver are nothing to those of a washerman,
he washerman knows who is poor in the village ; the goldsmith knows whose
ornaments arc of pure gold. The goldsmith and the Chetty. (Both rascals.)
n . an n'mno is fairer than a Khatri ; only an adulterer is sharper than a Kayasth.
iazis, Kasbis, Kasais, and Kayasths—the four bad K's. Kayasths, Khatris and
cocks support their kin ; Brahmans, Doms, and Nais destroy theirs. Qazis,
crows, and Kayasths stand by their kindred. Ahirs, Gareris (shepherds) and
asts (fowlers)—a poisonous crew. A Dhobi's stone and a potter's donkey ; both
Set plenty of beating. The Rajput and the Jat are like bows made of pestles ;
j»ey will break but never bend. If a Tamboli (betel-seller) does the oilman's work
c will set the house on fire. The oilman's cheeks are smooth and shining ; the
grain parcher's burnt brown. Babhans, dogs, and Bhats are always at war with
eir kin. Seven Chamars are not as mean as one Babhan, and seven Babhans
e not as mean as one Noniyar Baniya. Only the Naus (barbers) and the Kewats
e P their own caste ; the others merely pretend. Oh King sneeze ! let go the
'ahman and keep the Jati ; and should you meet a Baniya never let him off. A
lobi is better than a Kayasth ; a Sonar is better than a cheat; a dog is better
"an a deity ; and a jackal better than a Pandit.

the Gareri got drunk when he saw the Ahlr in liquor. Ahtr, Dafali, Dhobi,
Baid ''1?SC are tne 'our castes that sing. A prodigal Baniya, a weak King, a
ya w,tn an ignorant son, a silent Bhat, an unclean harlot, these, saith Ghag,
come to no good. There be three that dance in other people's houses—the
daitu^' tllC Baidya> and the (ialAl- (Profit by the misfortunes of others. The
is the lawyer's tout who promotes litigation and flourishes exceedingly in
. . ln India.) The Baniya can trade; others can only imitate. The oilman
de |CS,w'tnout capital ; the grain parcher's stock is a broken pot. When the salt
picks1"S Sa'' 'S uPset ne Sa'ns > wnen the oilman spills his oil he loses. (The salt
the I'"'3 Sanc'' l'le °'' soaks into the ground.) The Baniya's speech is polished,
Dine • r's 's rong'1, the Sikligar (cutler) is honest and the Chamar a rogue,
have 8 ^ninman anc^ J°g' an& let a Karar make the fourth. (The two former
gr-^ a rePutation as gourmets, the latter is said to be good company.) A Dom, a

sun anC' a ^0at are °^110 use 'n t'me °^ neeo-- ^ wants clouds, a Dhobi

mak a S'andcrer w»u talk, and a thief will hold his tongue. In no man's land one

prs fne»ds with Gujars and Gaddis.
Jat ' >V° not the Meo at his ferry or the Karar in his shop ; if you beard the
u'hcn • ^ '1C W'" break your head. When a buffalo is full she refuses oil-cake ;
b i a baniya is well off he gives time to his debtors ; when a Jat is prosperous he

& us to quarrel; when your banker is in a bad way he fastens upon you.
ra . er_ have no friends at all than take up with an Afghan, a Kamboh or a
Jat the '^as'lmTl'- The crow, the Kamboh and the Kalal cherish their kin ; the
(Decc 0 ^U"a'° and the crocodile devour their kin. Kayasths, birds, and pandits
theirl-1;1115^ 'Je'"en(^ their kin ; Baniyas, dogs and Brahmans are hostile to

Kar" •'1(-Cn t'16 ProsPers he shuts up the path (by ploughing over it) ; when the
wido 110ney leiKle0 prospers, he shuts up the Jat. Jats, Bhats, caterpillars and
HonWSr~a" tllese should be kept hungry; if they eat their fill they do harm,
nine' & courtcsan! Thag, Thakar, Sonar, monkey, Turk and Kalal—these
cucui n-° *00<^' Give me an Arain for work, and give the Khatik a cow. A
Went 3 vegetah'e ; a king (one-stringed guitar) is not a musical instru-

g^,a Labana is not a Hindu, and a Meo cannot be a friend.
•«an 1 v a ^ayasth) feed a Brahman, water paddy and betel, but kick a low caste
ou may know a good Kayasth by his pen ; a good Rajput by his moustache ;