DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.49928#0219
PLATE LXXI.
Fig. i.—The Smithy of Hephaestus.
Wall-painting from the Casa delle Qudrighe, Pompeii,
in the Museum, Naples. 6 ft. 6 in. w. by 6 ft. h. Graeco-
Roman, of the First Century a.d.
Helbig, Wandgemdlde, No. 259, Pl. 4.
Blumner, Technologic, iv., p. 368, fig. 55.
In the centre is the anvil on a block of stone. Hephaestus
holds a piece of red-hot metal on it, with a pair of tongs. At
the same time he beats it vigorously with a small hammer,
while his two assistants strike alternately with the heavy
sledges. This is exactly the method used by modern smiths.
In the background above the anvil the fire of the open furnace
is burning brightly. One of the companion paintings in the
same house represents Thetis bringing the arms to Achilles, so
that this must represent the forge of Hephaestus (of Pl. 9, fig.
1). The god, however, is beardless and youthful, which is
rather unusual.
Fig. 2.—Coppersmith’s Shop.
Relief in the Naples Museum.
Jahn, Berichte, 1861, p. 330.
Blumner, Technologic, iv., p. 251, Pl. 3.
In the centre is a square block with an anvil at one end.
The copper to be moulded is spread on this anvil, and a smith
kneeling beside it taps with a hammer (now lost) directing the
blows of the assistant who strikes with the sledge hammer (of.
fig. 1). To the right another smith seated is busy giving the
last touches to a copper vessel. To the left a man stands
near a pair of scales which hang from a yoke attached to the
ceiling by two chains. He seems to be in the act of weigh-
ing. A little boy stands near plucking his blouse. On the
wall behind in the centre is a curious object, which is possibly
the door of the furnace closed by two cross-bars. Above are
various vessels—finished vessels, while to the left is a row of
three shelves containing what look like moulds. Below this is
a dog crouching, probably a work in metal, but the relief is too
rough to enable one to judge accurately.
Fig. 3.—A Cutler’s (cultrarius} Stall.
Relief on the Cippus of L. Cornelius Atimetus in the
Galleria Lapidaria of the Vatican. Roman, of the
Imperial Period.
Jahn, Berichte, 1861, Pl. 9, 9.
BlPmner, Technologic, iv., p. 371, fig. 60.
Guhl and Koner, Life of Gks. and Roms., fig. 486.
Daremberg et Saglio, Diet., figs. 323, 2113.
To the right stands the cutler in an ungirded tunica holding
a knife which he offers for sale. To the left is the customer
in tunica and toga (cf. Pl. 85, fig. 10), holding a purse in his
left hand. Between them is the counter, below which is a
drawer, while above is a show case with two shutters. In the
case and on the inside of the shutters pruning knives, sheath
knives, cases of surgical instruments and axe-heads are dis-
played. Another relief on the same cippus gives a picture of
a forge.
Fig. 4.—Cobbler at Work.
Red-figured Painting on the inside of a Drinking-cup
(cylix). In the British Museum.
Brit. Mus. Catal. of Vases.
Jahn, Berichte, 1867, Pl. 4, 4, p. 101.
BlCmner, Technologic, i., p. 283, fig. 31.
Baumeister, D., fig. 1650.
The cobbler, naked to the waist with a mantle wrapped
round his loins, is seated before a table. On this he is cutting
a piece of leather which lies on the block. The cutter has a
half-moon blade (cf. fig. 8). On the wall above hang another
cutter, a shoe (the straps show that it is completed) a pair of
lasts, a hammer and two objects, probably pieces of leather.
Fig. 5.—Cook.
Terra-cotta Statuette from Tanagra, Bceotian Greek,
of the Third or Fourth Century b.c. In the Anti-
quarium, Berlin.
Archdol. Zeitung, 1874, Pl. 4.
Daremberg et Saglio, Diet., fig. 1937.
Blumner, Leben und Sitten.
Gazette des Beaux-Arts, 1878, p. 364.
An old man is seated in front of a charcoal fire. He is
kneading cakes on a board which rests on his knees, and
placing them to bake on three bars which lie on a framework
over the fire. Near the board is a small pot containing a
white substance with a spoon or stick. This probably con-
tains salt, or it may be water to moisten the dough. The old
man is one of the street cooks όψοττοιοί, who to this day
make cakes on the footpath near the street corners.
Fig. 6.—Shoemaker’s Shop.
Black-figured Painting on a Vase. From Orvieto in
THE BoURGIGNON COLLECTION AT NAPLES.
Mon. d. Inst, xi., Pl. 29, 1.
Baumeister, D., fig. 1649.
BlPmner, Leben u. Sitten.
In the centre is a table, and on it a lady stands on a piece
of leather laid on a block. To the left the shoemaker, with
mantle wrapped round his loins, is cutting the leather in the
shape of her sole with a half-moon knife. To the left an
apprentice is busily engaged sewing a sandal. Behind him an
elderly man, father perhaps of the girl, is speaking to the
cobbler. Under the table a sandal and a large bowl of water
(for moistening the leather ?) are visible. On the wall above
hang a rack of awls with pincers and cutter, a piece of leather,
a strap, a pair of lasts, another piece of leather and a basket.
The object near the girl’s hand is puzzling. It may be a
135
Fig. i.—The Smithy of Hephaestus.
Wall-painting from the Casa delle Qudrighe, Pompeii,
in the Museum, Naples. 6 ft. 6 in. w. by 6 ft. h. Graeco-
Roman, of the First Century a.d.
Helbig, Wandgemdlde, No. 259, Pl. 4.
Blumner, Technologic, iv., p. 368, fig. 55.
In the centre is the anvil on a block of stone. Hephaestus
holds a piece of red-hot metal on it, with a pair of tongs. At
the same time he beats it vigorously with a small hammer,
while his two assistants strike alternately with the heavy
sledges. This is exactly the method used by modern smiths.
In the background above the anvil the fire of the open furnace
is burning brightly. One of the companion paintings in the
same house represents Thetis bringing the arms to Achilles, so
that this must represent the forge of Hephaestus (of Pl. 9, fig.
1). The god, however, is beardless and youthful, which is
rather unusual.
Fig. 2.—Coppersmith’s Shop.
Relief in the Naples Museum.
Jahn, Berichte, 1861, p. 330.
Blumner, Technologic, iv., p. 251, Pl. 3.
In the centre is a square block with an anvil at one end.
The copper to be moulded is spread on this anvil, and a smith
kneeling beside it taps with a hammer (now lost) directing the
blows of the assistant who strikes with the sledge hammer (of.
fig. 1). To the right another smith seated is busy giving the
last touches to a copper vessel. To the left a man stands
near a pair of scales which hang from a yoke attached to the
ceiling by two chains. He seems to be in the act of weigh-
ing. A little boy stands near plucking his blouse. On the
wall behind in the centre is a curious object, which is possibly
the door of the furnace closed by two cross-bars. Above are
various vessels—finished vessels, while to the left is a row of
three shelves containing what look like moulds. Below this is
a dog crouching, probably a work in metal, but the relief is too
rough to enable one to judge accurately.
Fig. 3.—A Cutler’s (cultrarius} Stall.
Relief on the Cippus of L. Cornelius Atimetus in the
Galleria Lapidaria of the Vatican. Roman, of the
Imperial Period.
Jahn, Berichte, 1861, Pl. 9, 9.
BlPmner, Technologic, iv., p. 371, fig. 60.
Guhl and Koner, Life of Gks. and Roms., fig. 486.
Daremberg et Saglio, Diet., figs. 323, 2113.
To the right stands the cutler in an ungirded tunica holding
a knife which he offers for sale. To the left is the customer
in tunica and toga (cf. Pl. 85, fig. 10), holding a purse in his
left hand. Between them is the counter, below which is a
drawer, while above is a show case with two shutters. In the
case and on the inside of the shutters pruning knives, sheath
knives, cases of surgical instruments and axe-heads are dis-
played. Another relief on the same cippus gives a picture of
a forge.
Fig. 4.—Cobbler at Work.
Red-figured Painting on the inside of a Drinking-cup
(cylix). In the British Museum.
Brit. Mus. Catal. of Vases.
Jahn, Berichte, 1867, Pl. 4, 4, p. 101.
BlCmner, Technologic, i., p. 283, fig. 31.
Baumeister, D., fig. 1650.
The cobbler, naked to the waist with a mantle wrapped
round his loins, is seated before a table. On this he is cutting
a piece of leather which lies on the block. The cutter has a
half-moon blade (cf. fig. 8). On the wall above hang another
cutter, a shoe (the straps show that it is completed) a pair of
lasts, a hammer and two objects, probably pieces of leather.
Fig. 5.—Cook.
Terra-cotta Statuette from Tanagra, Bceotian Greek,
of the Third or Fourth Century b.c. In the Anti-
quarium, Berlin.
Archdol. Zeitung, 1874, Pl. 4.
Daremberg et Saglio, Diet., fig. 1937.
Blumner, Leben und Sitten.
Gazette des Beaux-Arts, 1878, p. 364.
An old man is seated in front of a charcoal fire. He is
kneading cakes on a board which rests on his knees, and
placing them to bake on three bars which lie on a framework
over the fire. Near the board is a small pot containing a
white substance with a spoon or stick. This probably con-
tains salt, or it may be water to moisten the dough. The old
man is one of the street cooks όψοττοιοί, who to this day
make cakes on the footpath near the street corners.
Fig. 6.—Shoemaker’s Shop.
Black-figured Painting on a Vase. From Orvieto in
THE BoURGIGNON COLLECTION AT NAPLES.
Mon. d. Inst, xi., Pl. 29, 1.
Baumeister, D., fig. 1649.
BlPmner, Leben u. Sitten.
In the centre is a table, and on it a lady stands on a piece
of leather laid on a block. To the left the shoemaker, with
mantle wrapped round his loins, is cutting the leather in the
shape of her sole with a half-moon knife. To the left an
apprentice is busily engaged sewing a sandal. Behind him an
elderly man, father perhaps of the girl, is speaking to the
cobbler. Under the table a sandal and a large bowl of water
(for moistening the leather ?) are visible. On the wall above
hang a rack of awls with pincers and cutter, a piece of leather,
a strap, a pair of lasts, another piece of leather and a basket.
The object near the girl’s hand is puzzling. It may be a
135