Smith, William: A smaller dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities (London, 1871)

GLAUIUS.

196

GUTTUS.

buckler, and a short sword or dagger
(sica). They were usually matched, as al-
ready stated, with the mirmilloncs. The

following woodcut represents a combat be-
tween two Thracians. A lanista stands be-
hind each.

GLADIUS (ft'i/>05, poet, aop, (j>d(rya.vov), a
sword or glaive, by the Latin poets called
eiisis. The ancient sword had generally a
straight two-edged blade, rather broad, and
nearly of equal width from hilt to point.
The Greeks and Romans wore them on the
left side, so as to draw them out of the sheath
(vagina, koAcos) by passing the right hand
in front of the body to take hold of the
hilt with the thumb next to the blade.
The early Greeks used a very short sword.
Iphicrates, who made various improvements
in armour about 400 b. c., doubled its length.
The Roman sword was larger, heavier, and
more formidable than the Greek.

GLAXDES. [Fun-da.]

GRAECOSTASIS, a place in the Roman
forum, on the right of the Comitium, so
called because the Greek ambassadors, and
perhaps also deputies from other foreign or
allied states, were allowed to stand there to
hear the debates. "When the sun was seen
from the Curia coming out between the Ros-
tra and the Graecostasis, it was mid-day ;
and an aceensus of the consul announced the
time with a clear loud voice.

GRAMMATEUS (vpa^/iaTevs), a clerk or
scribe. Among the great number of scribes
employed by the magistrates and govern-
ment of Athens, there were three of a higher
rank, who were real state-officers. One of
them was appointed by lot, by the senate, to
serve the time of the administration of each
prytany, though he always belonged to a
different prytany from that which was in
power. He was, therefore, called ypaixp-aTeiis
Kara TrpvraveCav. Ilis province was to keep
the public records, and the decrees of the
people which were made during the time of

his office, and to deliver to the thesmothetae
the decrees of the senate.—The second yram-
matcus was elected by the senate, by x6'P°"
rovCa, and was entrusted with the custody of
the laws. His usual name was ypafip-arevs
-7t)s /3ouAt;9.—A third ijrammateus was called
ypap.p.aTei;s -nj; 7roAeco5, Or ypap.p.aT€v? ttj; j3ov

Aijs Koi toO Sr/p-ov. He was appointed by the
people, by xetP0T0!'t'a, and the principal part
of his office was to read any laws or documents
which were required to be read in the assem-
bly or in the senate.

GRAPHE_(ypa<prj). [Dice.]

GRAPHIARIUM. [Stilus.]

GRAPHIS. [Pictura.]

GRAPIITUM. [Stilus.]

GUBERNACULU3I (TnjScLAtof). [Navis.]

GUSTATIO. [Coena.]

GUTTUS, a vessel with a narrow mouth
or neck, from which the liquid was poured in
drops, whence its name. It was especially
used in sacrifices, and hence we find it re-
presented on the Roman coins struck by per-
sons who held any of the priestly offices.
The guttus was also used for keeping the
oil, with which persons were anointed in the
baths. [See p. 56.]

Guttus on Cutn of L. Pluncufi