Smith, William: A smaller dictionary of Greek and Roman antiquities (London, 1871)

INCESTUM. 212 INJURIA.

had committed. Sulla, in his Lex Cornelia
de Sicariis, punished malicious (dolo malo)
incendium, but only in the city, or within a
thousand paces of it, with aquae et ignis in-
terdictio. Cn. Pompeius, in b. c. 52, made
incendium a crime of Vis by his Lex Pompeia
de Vi, in consequence of the burning of the
Curia and the Porcia Basilica on the burial
of Clodius ; and Julius Caesar also included
it in his Lex Julia de Vi. Besides the two
criminal prosecutions given by the Lex Cor-
nelia and Lex Julia, a person could also bring
actions to recover compensation for the injury
done to his property.

INCESTUM or IXCESTUS. Incestum is
non castum, and signifies generally all im-
moral and irreligious acts. In a narrower
sense it denotes the unchastity of a Vestal,
and sexual intercourse of persons within
certain degrees of consanguinity. Incest
with a Vestal was punished with the death
of both parties. [Vkstalks.]

INCUNABULA or CC'NABULA (o-Tnipya-
vov), swaddling-clothes, in which a new-born
child was wrapped. It was one of the pecu-
liarities of the Lacedaemonian education to
dispense with the use of incunabula, and
to allow children to enjoy the free use of
their limbs.

Incunabula, swaddling-clothes. (From a Bas-relief at
Rome.)

INDUTU8. [Amictus.]

INFAMlA, was a consequence of condem-
nation for certain crimes, and also a direct
consequence of certain acts, such as adultery,
prostitution, appearing on the public stage as
an actor, &c. A person who became in/a-
mis lost the suffragium and bonores, and
was degraded to the condition of an aerarian.
tnfamia should be distingushed from the Nota
Censoria, the consequence of which was only

INFANS, INFANTIA. In the Roma
law there were several distinctions of a
which were made with reference to the capa
city for doing legal acts :—1. The first pe
riod was from birth to the end of the seventh
year, during which time persons were called
Infantes, or Qui fori non possunt. 2. The
second period was from the end of seven years
to the end of fourteen or twelve years, ac-
cording as the person was a male or a female,
during which persons were defined as those
Qui fori possunt. The persons included in
these first two classes were Impuberes. 3.
The third period was from the end of the
twelfth or fourteenth to the end of the
twenty-fifth year, during which period per-
sons were Adolescentes, Adulti. The persons
included in these three classes were minores
xxv annis or annorum, and were often, for
brevity's sake, called minores only [CvhatorJ ;
and the persons included in the third and
fourth class were Puberes. 4. The fourth
period was from the age of twenty-live, dur-
ing which persons were Majores.

IXFERIAE. [Funtjb.]

INFULA, a flock of white and red wool,
which was slightly twisted, drawn into the
form of a wreath or fillet, and used by the
llomans for ornament on festive and solemn
occasions. In sacrificing it was tied with a
white band [Vitta] to the head of the victim
and also of the priest.

INGENUI, were those free men who were
born free. Consequently, freedmcn (liber-
tini) were not ingenui, though the sons of
libertini were ingenui; nor could a libertinus
by adoption become ingenuus. The words
ingenuus and libertinus are often opposed to
one another; and the title of freeman (liber),
which would comprehend libertinus, is some-
times limited by the addition of ingenuus (li-
ber et ingenuus.) Under the empire a per-
son, not ingenuus by birth, could be made
ingenuus by the emperor.

INJURIA. Injuria, in the general sense,
is opposed to Jus. In a special sense injuria
was done by striking or beating a man either
with the hand or with anything ; by abusive
words (convicium) ; by the proscriptio bono-
rum, when tbe claimant knew that the al-
leged debtor was not really indebted to him ;
by libellous writings or verses ; by soliciting
a mater familias, &c. The Twelve Tables
had various provisions on the subject of In-
juria. Libellous songs or verses were fol-
lowed by capital punishment. In the case of
a limb being mutilated the punishment was
Talio. In the case of a broken bone, the
penalty was 300 asses if the injury was done
to a freeman, and 150 if it was done to a

ianominia. iCexsqr.1 i slave. In other cases the Tables fixed the