Butler, Howard Crosby; Princeton University [Hrsg.]: Syria: publications of the Princeton University Archaeological Expeditions to Syria in 1904 - 5 and 1909 (Div. 2, Sect. A ; 6) (1916)

Sic (Seeia)

389

a half-column, and a pilaster, sections of straight architrave and cornice, voussoirs bearing*
the same mouldings as the straight architrave and cornice, and the end of the raking
cornice with the lower part of a corner antefix adhering to it. With so great an
amount of material at hand the restoration of the facade is quite simple. The height
of the columns was determined by adding together the three pieces of the shafts. There
can be no doubt that the architrave was arched above the middle intercolumniation; for

one piece of architrave was found with its mouldings returned upward on a curve, and
the voussoirs which are moulded like the architrave belonged to an arch whose dia-
meter was equal to the distance between the two columns. This is the earliest example
of the placing of an arch upon columns that I know of. The voussoirs which are
moulded like the cornice belonged to an arch somewhat larger in diameter than the
arched architrave measured from extrados to extrados. This extra width allows space
for a frieze about 40 cm. wide, and I have shown this as plain in the restoration for
the reason that I found no fragments of an ornamented frieze. It will be remembered

that the frieze of the Nabataean temple at Suweda is quite plain. The placing of the
raking cornice is a more difficult problem. Its angle is given, and if it be placed at
the extreme end of the facade, the height of the pediment will be too great. But if
it be placed directly above one of the half-columns, its soffit will rest upon the outer
curve of the arcuated cornice. This, it seems to me, must have been its position; for
by this means the interior cella is accentuated on the facade, and the level space be-
tween the angles of the pediment and the end of the straight cornice of the wall
represents the flat stone roof of the passage about the temple. It is of course impossible
to determine if a gable was carried back over the whole interior cella, or only over the
space between the columns and the front wall. The mutilated figures of three eagles,
which must have stood over a metre high, I have placed at the ends of the faQade

and upon the apex of the gable.

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though not exactly similar to that of the temple
ping with it (Ill. 336). The mouldings of the
cornice, are no more than alternating series of
segmental. The torus mouldings of the column-

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:eristic of Nabataean work, being not semicircular
337) have but a single row of large leaves of the
:es are also thick, and the abacus very heavy and
The most interesting features of these capitals are
jpear in the middle of the outer faces of the two
apitals which are turned toward the middle inter-
ment the heads, shoulders, and arms of figures a
eads are bald, the faces grinning, and the hands
capitals. Only one of these was found in a good
s that upon the face of one of the half-capitals,
eated with rope ornament. The carved ornament
like that of the entrance to the theatron than that
which are decorated with grape-vine. This may
belongs rather to the end of the period from 33
femple of Bacal Shamin.
s temple belongs to the period mentioned in the
cal Expeditions to Syria, Div. II, Sec. A, Pt. 6. 51