DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.45601#0045
II. B. 3.
3 A.A.E.S. Ill, insc. 223.
1 Div. Ill, insc. 1066.
wall with
facade of
this wall,
details oi
2 A.A.E.S. Ill, insc. 222.
lines are accentuated.
of Classic feeling shown in their designs until the Renaissance had sprung up in Italy,
after these houses had been in ruins a thousand years.
House III is a large villa of simple plan (Ill. 156). It has three rooms with girder-
arches, with rooms above them, and it had a colonnade of two stories in front. The court-
yard was a rectangle enclosed with a high wall. The walls of the house and the courtyard
are intact (Ill. 157); but the colonnades have fallen. The details of this residence are almost
exactly similar to those of House II, and the dates of the two buildings are about coeval.
; placed in the wall connecting these tower-like buildings, another was in the
of the eastern tower (Ills. 154—55). These structures were on lower ground
house itself, and a terrace wall was built connecting the angles of the two
The main building preserves its walls intact, and three columns of the lower
of the upper, colonnade. The entire east wall of the villa is preserved (Ill. 155)
greater part of the west wall; but the south walls of the towers and the
section that connected them are in ruins (154). The ornament throughout is rich and,
at the same time, reserved, and in good taste. The order of the upper and the lower
colonnades is a well-proportioned Corinthian; the monolithic shafts are beautifully turned
to give a delicate entasis; the capitals are of good form, but their leaves are the leaves
of water plants (arums) and not of the acanthus. The lower architrave consists of two
fascias and a delicate cymatium with a bevelled fillet, the upper architrave has a much
heavier cymatium which answers the purpose of a cornice. The doorways and the
large windows of both stories have deep frame mouldings, quite classical in profile,
and each is adorned with a cap which is a cyma recta or a bevel in profile. Some
of the door-caps are carved with upright acanthus leaves, and have crosses within wreaths
in the middle. The decoration is extended even to the exterior, where string mouldings
and window frames are employed in addition to the fine mouldings and the richly
carved door-caps of the portals. There are three inscriptions upon different portals in
this house; one belonged to
portal,3 and the third is to be
EALLOZA
H0V5EN2HI
Ill. 156.
the south entrance,1 another is in place above the east
seen on the lintel of the middle doorway3 of the house
itself. None of them gives a date. The view of this
villa from the east is most attractive; but that from the
south must have been quite extraordinary, when the two
towers were standing at either end of a low
a fine portal in it, and the colonnades of the
the main house could be seen rising above
flanked by the two towers. The ornamental
this house are of a style which would be classed with
the details of buildings that are dated after the year
500 A.D.; they are an excellent illustration of the ten-
dency to return to Classic forms of ornament, that swept
over Northern Syria in the sixth century. The doorways
are the portals of Roman temples, reduced in size, and
the windows are treated in the same fashion ; the columns
assume more Classic form and proportion, and horizontal
Nowhere were there to be found private houses with so much
136
villa
was
east
side
than
the
towers.
and
one <
and
the
3 A.A.E.S. Ill, insc. 223.
1 Div. Ill, insc. 1066.
wall with
facade of
this wall,
details oi
2 A.A.E.S. Ill, insc. 222.
lines are accentuated.
of Classic feeling shown in their designs until the Renaissance had sprung up in Italy,
after these houses had been in ruins a thousand years.
House III is a large villa of simple plan (Ill. 156). It has three rooms with girder-
arches, with rooms above them, and it had a colonnade of two stories in front. The court-
yard was a rectangle enclosed with a high wall. The walls of the house and the courtyard
are intact (Ill. 157); but the colonnades have fallen. The details of this residence are almost
exactly similar to those of House II, and the dates of the two buildings are about coeval.
; placed in the wall connecting these tower-like buildings, another was in the
of the eastern tower (Ills. 154—55). These structures were on lower ground
house itself, and a terrace wall was built connecting the angles of the two
The main building preserves its walls intact, and three columns of the lower
of the upper, colonnade. The entire east wall of the villa is preserved (Ill. 155)
greater part of the west wall; but the south walls of the towers and the
section that connected them are in ruins (154). The ornament throughout is rich and,
at the same time, reserved, and in good taste. The order of the upper and the lower
colonnades is a well-proportioned Corinthian; the monolithic shafts are beautifully turned
to give a delicate entasis; the capitals are of good form, but their leaves are the leaves
of water plants (arums) and not of the acanthus. The lower architrave consists of two
fascias and a delicate cymatium with a bevelled fillet, the upper architrave has a much
heavier cymatium which answers the purpose of a cornice. The doorways and the
large windows of both stories have deep frame mouldings, quite classical in profile,
and each is adorned with a cap which is a cyma recta or a bevel in profile. Some
of the door-caps are carved with upright acanthus leaves, and have crosses within wreaths
in the middle. The decoration is extended even to the exterior, where string mouldings
and window frames are employed in addition to the fine mouldings and the richly
carved door-caps of the portals. There are three inscriptions upon different portals in
this house; one belonged to
portal,3 and the third is to be
EALLOZA
H0V5EN2HI
Ill. 156.
the south entrance,1 another is in place above the east
seen on the lintel of the middle doorway3 of the house
itself. None of them gives a date. The view of this
villa from the east is most attractive; but that from the
south must have been quite extraordinary, when the two
towers were standing at either end of a low
a fine portal in it, and the colonnades of the
the main house could be seen rising above
flanked by the two towers. The ornamental
this house are of a style which would be classed with
the details of buildings that are dated after the year
500 A.D.; they are an excellent illustration of the ten-
dency to return to Classic forms of ornament, that swept
over Northern Syria in the sixth century. The doorways
are the portals of Roman temples, reduced in size, and
the windows are treated in the same fashion ; the columns
assume more Classic form and proportion, and horizontal
Nowhere were there to be found private houses with so much
136
villa
was
east
side
than
the
towers.
and
one <
and
the