Whittock, Nathaniel: The Oxford Drawing Book, Or The Art Of Drawing, And The Theory And Practice Of Perspective: In A Series Of Letters Containing Progressive Information On Sketching, Drawing, And Colouring Landscape Scenery, Animals, And The Human Figure: With A New Method Of Practical Perspective: Detailed In A Novel, Easy, And Perspicuous Style, For The Use Of Teachers, Or For Self-Instruction. Embellished With Upwards Of One Hundred And Fifty Lithographic Drawings, From Real Views, Taken Expressly For This Work (Oxford , London, 1825)

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darker shade ; this is produced by drawing lines in a slanting direction over the first
shade, letting one row of lines follow another as before. You will find an example of
this shade under No. 6. I have purposely avoided writing any thing about the out-
line of the ground till now, but this is formed by moving the pencil backwards and
forwards, instead of up and down, taking care to lean harder as the pencil touches the
dark side: the outline of the bank behind the stone must be touched lightly, and
filled up with the slanting lines, as in No. 6.
Having made the outline of the milestone, and put on the first and second shade,
we will finish it by making the outline on the dark side a little stronger. This is
effected by going over it again, observing to mark the break in the stone; and now
you will see the use of the line formed by dots instead of the hard line like No. 1,
which would not have admitted of being broken as this does; but this will appear
more clear to you presently. You have now only to mark the shadow which the
stone throws on the ground; make the letters, and the first drawing is completed, as
in No. 8.
The small drawings, Nos. 9. and 10. are intended to exemplify what I hinted at
before, that is, the difference of effect which can be produced by the broken or dotted