Whittock, Nathaniel: The Art Of Drawing And Colouring, From Nature, Birds, Beasts, Fishes, And Insects: With Plain And Coloured Drawings, From Original Paintings By Morland, Vernet, Howet, Le Cave, &c. (London, 1830)

First, Take care to make a saint outline os the whole subject,
observing to keep the disferent objects rather less than the copy, as
all beginners susfer the objects to increase in size in copying them.
Second, To use the Indian rubber as little as possible, preserring
rather to make twenty saint sketched outlines than take one out, till
the proper one is formed, and the outline traced with colour; the
black lead lines may then be all removed together. Third, Measure
one part of an object by another, and make points to ascertain the
distances before the outline is drawn.
CAT AND KITTENS.
There are sew objects in nature more amusing or beautisul than a
cat and her kittens, when basking on a carpet before the sire, in the
winter season. Every movement os the mother seems to denote
persect happiness and maternal joy in her ofsspring, while the playful
antics os the kittens can leave no doubt os their selicity. This is a
subject, is drawn with taste and sidelity, that is sure to please, not only
srom its intrinsic beauty, but likewise srom the agreeable ideas
engendered in the mind srom the contemplation os this scene os domes-
tic happiness in the brute creation, particularly as it is a scene with
which every one is familiar.
In drawing this subject, the cat should be sketched lightly with the
black lead pencil, without paying great attention to the correctness of
the outline, but merely to determine the size and situation os the
different objects. When these points are correctly ascertained, a