Whittock, Nathaniel: The Art Of Drawing And Colouring, From Nature, Birds, Beasts, Fishes, And Insects: With Plain And Coloured Drawings, From Original Paintings By Morland, Vernet, Howet, Le Cave, &c. (London, 1830)

LESSON IV.

GOATS, MALE AND FEMALE.

There are few animals more picturesque, or better adapted for intro-
ducing into the foregrounds os drawings os mountainous landscapes,
than the goat; hence its srequent introduction into the best land-
scapes os the old and modern masters. The student who has drawn
the sheep will sind this lesson easy of execution: he must commence
by drawing the outline os the head os the male goat, not with a hard
distinct line, but very light and sketchy; compare it with the copy,
and make points sor placing the features at a proper distance srom
each other. In a rough animal os this kind there will be little occasion
to rub out any of the first lines, as they will be sure to work in with
the rest, and add greatly to the spirit and roundness os the head.
Wh en the head and horns are sketched lightly, proceed to the neck ;
get that the proper shape, and os a proportionate size to the head, and
then draw the shoulders and sore legs. Be very careful in drawing
the seet, as the animal will not appear standing if the seet are not
placed properly 011 the ground. The extremities os all sigures require
great care in their delineation; it will therefore be advisable to draw
the limbs and seet os the animals in the various lessons contained in
this work, on a much larger scale than the pattern ; this will give great