Wilkinson, John Gardner: The Architecture Of Ancient Egypt: In Which The Columns Are Arranged In Orders, And The Temples Classified; With Remarks On The Early Progress Of Architecture, Etc.; With A Large Volume Of Plates Ilustrative Of The Subject, And Containing The Various Columns And details, From Actual Measurement (Text) (London, 1850)

PART II. SPHINXES----TEMPLES. 75

offering, to the Gods. One of these, of a large
size, bearing the name of Atnunoph III, was found
at Spalato, in Dalmatia; and representations of
them, on a very small scale, of pottery, or soft
stone, seem to have been used as ornaments, or
kept as a mark of respect to the King; one of
which was found in Egypt, of the early time of
Maranre, orRemaran,*of the 6th dynasty; showing
at what a remote period this fabulous animal was
invented.f It was not usual for the Egyptians to
give wings to sphinxes; but griffins, and other
fabulous animals were painted with them ; and it
is probable that the Greeks derived their winged
sphinxes from those fanciful animals, rather than
from the rare instances of the former in Egyptian
sculpture. But the apron, and head dress, given
to them, on Greek, and Etruscan, vases, were evi-
dently copied from the ordinary Sphinx of Egypt.

As the Temple, increased in size, the arrange-
ment of the chambers varied considerably. In
some, the sanctuary was isolated, and was sur-
rounded by columns; with other chambers before,
and behind, it ;J but, in general, it was at the ex-
treme end of the building, with a subordinate one
at each side.§

The front of the large temples was composed of
a portico ; generally, with one or more successive

* In the prenomens of the early Egyptian kings, the Sun, " Re",
though placed at the beginning, reads at the end of the name; as in
Mai-re, (Mceris) instead of Rental—the prenomen of King Papi (Phiops,
or Apappus).

t In the possession of Mr. Larking, at Alexandria.

% Plato i, fig. 25. § Plate i, figs. 26, 33, 43.