Wilkinson, John Gardner: The Architecture Of Ancient Egypt: In Which The Columns Are Arranged In Orders, And The Temples Classified; With Remarks On The Early Progress Of Architecture, Etc.; With A Large Volume Of Plates Ilustrative Of The Subject, And Containing The Various Columns And details, From Actual Measurement (Text) (London, 1850)

PART II. TEMPLES CLASSIFIED. 83

3rd. Temples in Anlis, with a portico of two, or
four, columns in front; and one or two rows in
depth.* It must however be observed, that an
Egyptian temple had rarely open sides to its portico;
these were of solid masonry, whatever may have
been the number of columns within ;f and the only
porticoes, that had not solid sides, consisted of
a row of round or polygonal columns, with two or
more rows of square pillars in front; the external
set of which (on either side) served instead of an
outer wall; but even these were frequently united
by intercolumnar screens, or by a thin wall, as at
the eastern temple of Samneh,^ at Amada,§ and at
Sukkot in Wadee Halfeh; all which temples are,
at least, as early as the first kings of the 18th
dynasty. || In the porticoes of temples in antis,
the intercolumniations of the first row were closed
by stone screens, reaching about two-fifths of the
way up the columns; except at the centre, where
a stone doorway was attached to them.^[ And
though these were principally of Ptolemaic, and
Roman, time, intercolumnar screens are known to
have been used in ancient Pharaonic monuments,
where they formed the separation from the inner
part of the area, and the body of the temple.**

There are not a sufficient number of temples, of
early time, now remaining, to enable us to decide

* Plate i, figs. 19, 20. f Plate i, figs. 19, 20, 37, 38, 41, 42, 43.

t Plate i, fig. 35, 6. § Plate i, fig. 36.

|| That of Wadee Halfeh appears to have been founded by Osirtasen I,
of the 12th dynasty.
IT Plate i, figs. 37, 38.
** Plate i, figs. 28, 33, 34; in the time of Remcses II, and III.

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