Wilkinson, John Gardner; Birch, Samuel [Mitarb.]: The Egyptians in the time of the pharaohs: being a companion to the Crystal Palace Egyptian collections (London, 1857)

OFFICIAL STYLE. 263

The same monarch is also described as—

"A lion against the Sharu (Syrians),
A strong bull against Kush (.-Ethiopia)."

This is still more forcibly shown in the titles of the king,
for the same is called—

'' 0 perfect God, very terrible,
The strong lion ; mighty lord,
The strangler of hostile lands, i
Fallen are the Tahennu (Europeans) to thy blade,
Killed lie the Phut (Asiatics) under thy sandals!
Immortal as the sun ! "

This is, in fact, the official style; for tablets commence with
a long series of titles, as " The year twenty-eight under the reign
of his Majesty the living Sun, the strong bull, beloved of truth,
lord of festivals of thirty years like Phtha, lord of diadems,
watcher of Egypt, chastiser of foreigners, the Sun born of the
Gods, possessing the earth, the golden hawk, defender of years,
greatest of the powerful, the King of the upper and lower
country, lord of the earth, lord of creation, the Sun, defender of
truth, approved of the Sun, son of the Sun of his body, beloved
of him, lord of diadems, taker of the upper crown, RAMESSU,
may he live for ever on the throne of Horus." Such is the pre-
amble of a stele or tablet at Ibsamboul, all of which only means
"the twenty-eighth year of Barneses II." The strong bull
means that he is a valiant hero ; the festival of thirty years,
that after that time he had the right of celebrating a jubilee,
because he had lived an aion, or age ; the golden hawk implies
that he is the Sun, or the first principle, known as a hawk ; the
throne of Horus, the Egyptian throne always occupied by a
Pharaoh, the living Sun or god Horus.1

1 Champollion, Notice, 78.