DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.16205#0072
H. DESCRIPTIVE LIST OF COLOR PLATES
PLATE A.
1 (M. M. I, c. 2200 B. C). Small hole-mouthed jug with bridge-spout. Round handle and tip of spout missing.
Fine pink clay. Black body-paint with low lustre. Chalky pigments, white and orange, used in bands around rim and
spout, and in a curious zigzag fan pattern on body of vase; the same design on both sides. A polychrome vase of early
type (' Proto-Kamares'). H. c. 7.5 cm. From a Cave-burial at Aghia Photia. Reg. No. 3794. [Cf. p. 56 (note 5 d).]
2 (M. M. I, c. 2200 B. C). Small cup with concave sides, flaring toward base. Round handle missing. Fine pink
clay. Lustrous black body-paint on inside and outside. Chalky pigments, white and red, used in bands, fine lines and
quirks. Polychrome style, like preceding. H. 4.7 cm. From a Cave-burial at Aghia Photia. [Cf. p. 56.]
3 (E. M. II, c. 2500 B. C). Jug with globular body, short round neck, and blunt bill-mouth. Tip of mouth broken.
Buff clay, imperfectly sifted; no surface coating. Decoration in reddish-brown paint. Many narrow parallel stripes
around neck, and forming two spherical triangles on body of vase, with apices meeting in front; beneath meeting point,
a wing-like figure: three bands encircle round handle. This design shows an unusually successful application of linear
principle in a style which was widespread in early Minoan times, throughout the Cyclades and on the mainland.
H. 12.9 cm. From a Rock-shelter burial at Cournia. Reg. No. 3726. [Cf. pp. 3, 6 (note 36.5), 33, 37, 56.]
4 (E. M. 111, c. 2300 B. C). Flaring cup with trough-spout and a projection on rim opposite spout for handle. Upon
a red and black hand-polished surface there is painted in creamy white a design of zigzags filled with parallel oblique
lines. Thus this cup combines a shape and surface treatment characteristic of 'Vasiliki' ware (p. 50, PI. XI, PI. B)
with a style of decoration typical of North Trench pottery (p. 57, supra), and must be assigned to the close of the Early
Minoan Period. H. 6.5 cm. From Cave-burial, Aghia Photia. Reg. No. 3760. [Cf. pp. 3, 56 (note 4 b), 57.]
5 (E. M. II, c. 2500 B. C). A small vase with oblate spheroid body and short cylindrical neck. Two ear-handles
with double vertical perforations are set low on the vase. An elaborate design—parallel grooves, lattice-band, concen-
tric half-circles interspersed with tiny triangles—is incised or impressed with marvellous precision in an 'archaizing
Neolithic' style characteristic of the 2nd Early Minoan period. H. 6.2 cm. Found with A 3 in Rock-shelter at Gournia.
Reg. No. 3782. [Cf. pp. 3, 6 (note 36.3), 10 (note 50), 37, 56.]
PLATE B.
1 (E. M. II, c. 2500 B. C). Schnabelkanne, with stout neck, round handle close to the body, and slight base-ring.
A typical example of 'Vasiliki' ware in shape and decoration. Bill-spout broken. Fine, hard, pink clay. Red body-
paint shading to brilliant orange and black, highly polished by hand. After polishing, orange paint was daubed on
spout and allowed to drip down the neck. H. 29 cm. From Room 3, Vasiliki. Mark, B. 25, R. 3, LA. [Cf. PI. XII
5, pp. 3, 6 (notes 35.9, 36.4), 33, 37, 49, 50.]
2 (E. M. II, c. 2500 B. C). Side-spouted jar of exaggerated form, combining a body of ' Vasiliki' ware with a bill-
spout decorated in the linear style. Strong rim and base-ring, strip handle. Pinkish-buff clay. "Pink body-paint
shading to black, with a regular snake-like design in addition to the usual mottled effect. This design seems to have
been made intentionally by the potter while the paint was still moist, by running his finger down the body of the vase
and squeezing the paint aside in two similar snaky bands, descending from the neck to the base." (R.B.S.) The long
spout is covered with creamy paint, on which a simple linear design,, comprising three groups of three lines hatched
obliquely, is executed in good black paint. Two clay pellets, one on either side of the bill-spout, are painted black to
imitate eyes. H. 14 cm. From Room 16, Vasiliki. Mark, B. 69, R. 16, LA. [Cf. PI. XII 7, pp. 3, 6 (notes 35.9, 36.4),
37- 49. 5o ]
PLATE C. 'Kamares' Cups from Gournia (M. M. lie. 2000 B. C).
1. Silver cup of graceful shape. Flat base; strong shoulder. Rim in four flutings; the side flutings are bisected
by the strip handles, which are attached to the rim by bronze rivets. One of the rivets that fastened the handles to
the shoulder ridge is missing; the other is of silver. H. 8.1 cm. From House-tomb, Gournia. Reg. No. 202. [Cf. pp.
3 (note 47), 6 (note 42.3), 56 (note 7).]
2. Terra-cotta cup of shape appropriate to metal. High base-ring. Four shallow flutes; two vertical handles
from rim to ridge near base of body. Pellets of clay imitating rivets where handles join rim; painted imitations of rivets
midway between handles. Fine pink clay, very thin; lustrous black body-paint, much worn; decoration in chalky pig-
ments. Narrow white base-band; red bands edged with white below and above four groups of sinuous lines (like wav-
ing alga:); alternate groups are red and white. From the rim depend festoons of white lattice work, on diagonally op-
posite flutes, and, on the alternate flutes, double chains of white links on red bands. On inside of rim, rows of white
wave-lines and segments of circles, white and red. Three groups of three white stripes across each handle. H. 10.6 cm.
From House-tomb, Gournia. Reg. No. 3621. [Cf. pp. 3 (note 47), 6 (note 42.3), 56 (note 7).]
3. Terra-cotta cup with base-ring and ridge like preceding. Eight deep flutings, on which are painted upright stalks
of leaves, alternate stalks being white and red. Vertical handle from rim to ridge, and a small rim-handle opposite.
Clay, glaze, and pigments like C 2. Red band edged with white on rim. White segments on inside of rim; white stripes
across handles. H. 11 cm. From House-tomb, Gournia. Reg. No. 3622. [Cf. pp. 3 (note 47), 6 (note 42.3), 56 (note
7)0
4. Cup of Vaphio or Keftiu shape, with concave sides and strip handle. Fine pink-buff clay; lustrous black body-
paint, much worn. Decoration of narrow bands and five spirals in bluish-white chalky pigment. H. 6.5 cm. [Cf. p. 6
(note 66).]
PLATE D. Early Gournia Pottery (M. M. HI? c. 1800 B. C. or later).
1. Schnabelkanne of sturdy shape; short neck, small round handle close to body; tip of spout broken. Pink-buff clay,
medium fine; dull surface, upon which the decoration is painted in black shading to brown. A wide band encircles the
neck, and there are stripes across the handle. From a base-band rise three groups of three strokes, which bend toward the
right and end in graceful curves on the shoulder. The effect is like that of waving sedges, executed in a free impression-
istic style. H. 18.3 cm. From F 29. Reg. No. 2774. [Cf. PI. VI 29, p. 38.]
2. 'Tea-cup' of a graceful shape appropriate to clay (contrast the metal form, C 4). Fine pinkish-buff clay, low
lustre; decoration of three bands and six spirals in black paint, which also covers the inside of the cup. Faint traces of
white streaks on the bands. H. 6.2 cm. Reg. No. 2808.
PLATE E. Jug with Vertical Scroll (L. M. I, c. 1700 B. C).
Schnabelkanne of sturdy shape {cf. D 1); tip of spout broken. Rather coarse pink-buff clay with a fine slip; no lus-
tre. Decoration in dull black paint, shading to red, with rich gradations of color. Three unequal panels are framed
by groups of three vertical lines; each panel bears a bold design of a solid vertical scroll. A base-band cuts across scrolls
and vertical bands; a wide band encircles the neck; two bands follow the line of the rim on both sides and are festooned
beneath the spout. Faint traces of color on the handle. H. 26.7 cm. From C 28. Reg. No. 2772. [Cf. PI. VI 31,
P- 380
PLATE F. Crocus Rhyton (L. M. I, c. 1600 B. C.)
Conical rhyton with hole at the bottom. Pinkish-buff clay with warm buff surface. Decoration in black paint,
shading to rich red with blue tints; white chalky pigment as accessory. Three zones are framed by pairs of bands, en-
riched by straight and wavy white lines. The lowest and largest zone has a charming design of crocuses; the middle zone
bears a shell or wave pattern; the uppermost zone contains spirals of many coils terminating in a flower at the centres.
Where handle joins rim, a clay pellet imitates the rivet of metal technique {cf. C 2). Rim and handle in solid color; ten
oblique white stripes across handle. H. 27 cm. From C 58. Reg. No. 2832. [Cf. PI. VII 27, pp. 4, 6 (note 66), 39,
40.]
PLATE G. Double-Axe Pitcher and Jar with Grasses (L. M. I, c. 1700-1600 B. C).
1. Wide-mouthed pitcher with bridge-spout and ring-handle (broken) opposite spout. Fine pink clay, lustrous
pink-buff clay; decorations in red, shading from bluish-black. The base is covered with a solid wave, the outline of
which is repeated in a second band. The principal design combining double-axe and sacral knot (secular and religious
emblems) occurs thrice, interspersed with circles of dots. On neck and shoulder are two rows of foliate ornament, sep-
arated by dots; brush strokes on the rim. Solid color over spout, inside of rim and handle; light stripes on spout; a
forked ornament is painted below the handle. The whole design is strongly influenced by art in metal. H. 12 cm. From
G 14. Reg. No. 2832. [Cf. PI. IX 12, p. 44.]
2. Round jar without handles; partly broken. Fine buff clay, decorated in brownish-red. From a base-band
spring grasses, painted with freedom; above this graceful design is a more formal decoration of bands and two rows of
fern. Solid color covers projecting rim and inside of jar. H. 10.1 cm. Reg. No. 1910. [Cf. PI. VII 11, p. 40.]
PLATE H. Octopus Bugelkanne.
Three-handled bugelkanne; practically complete (reconstructed from eighty-six pieces). Body a flattened sphere;
handles small and close to the body; closed spout considerably depressed; open spout short and broad. Fine pinkish-
yellow clay, lustrous buff slip; decoration in best black paint shading to brown. The vase is covered with a rich marine
design, two writhing octopods in the midst of smaller sea-animals, executed in the finest island style. Their fantastic
shapes recall the wonders of the Naples aquarium—corals, feather-stars, sea-anemones, sea-urchins, sea-snails {e. g., the
Triton's horn), etc. Waved lines continue the marine effect on the handles; spouts in solid color. This chef d'eeuvre of
Gournia pottery is remarkable for the vigor, balance, and high order of naturalism displayed in its design. H. 19.5 cm.
From C 15. Reg. No. 2783. [Cf. pp. 4 (note 56), 6 (note 54.4), 24.]
PLATE I. Bull's Head Rhyton and Lecythus-Rhyton with Double-Axe (L. M. I, c. 1600-1500 B. C).
1. Rhyton in the shape of a bull's head, with hole of 2 cm. diam. in top of head, midway between horns, and hole
of 8 mm. diam. in the muzzle; flat back to neck; horns and ears missing. Gray clay of fine even texture, covered in
greater part with a shining white slip to imitate silver. Eye-sockets and other details are painted black and a wine-red
pigment is added in some places (to represent blood? cf. pp. 48, 52 on use of such rhytons). The head is finely modelled,
witness the forehead, nose, and dewlap; in its original condition, it must have been surprisingly realistic. H. of head
(muzzle to crown) 12 cm. W. across forehead c. 7 cm. From C 58. Reg. No. 2840. [Cf pp. 6 (notes 66, 80), 39, 48, 52.]
2. Lecythus-rhyton with a broad, flat rim, small ring-handle, shoulder-ridge, and a hole of 6 mm. diam. in the bot-
tom. Practically entire. Pink clay, pale buff slip; decoration in black, shading to red. A plain band 5 mm. wide en-
circles the bottom hole. Three sets of large zigzags, broad bands edged by narrow lines, divide the field between base
and shoulder. In six small triangular spaces at the bottom, inverted double-axes alternate with the ' ..^h-net' pattern.
A series of large dots and a series of small flowers (marguerites?) separate the zigzags. Six triangular spaces on the
shoulder are filled with upright double-axes and the 'fish-net' pattern, in alternation. The design is formal but very
pleasing by reason of the just proportions, variety, and freshness of its elements. Note the use of drops of paint at angles
of meshes and chevrons and the effect produced by this device, when the potter inverted the vase to paint the bottom.
On shoulder, neck, and rim are broad bands decorated with small four-petalled flowers left in the natural color of the
clay ('red-figured' technique). The solid color is continued within the mouth of the vase. H. 22 cm. From Hill-
House. Reg. No. 1861. [Cf. for double-axe symbol, pp. 13 (note 105), 48, 53, 55.]
PLATE J. Double Jugs with Marine Design (L. M. I, c. 1500 B. C.)
Two jugs, joined by an arching handle and again on the sides, with a passage between them. The right-hand jug
is a receptacle with a closed top; the spouted jug has a strainer across its neck with fifteen holes arranged symmetrically.
Fine bright pink clay, lustrous slip of the same color; decoration in black shading to red, with accessory white lines,
streaks, and zigzags on the plain bands. In general the decoration of the jugs is identical: six horizontal bands below a
richly decorated zone and solid color over the upper part of the jug. Zigzags in the two upper spaces between bands.
The principal design consists of a mollusk (nautilus?) occurring seven times on each jug; shells and tentacles are outlined
with dots, probably mere ornament {cf. Plate IX, 4, 5, 7) but with possible reference to nodes and suckers; in the back-
ground small flower-like objects; a row of brush-strokes and a wave-line form the upper margin of the zone. Uneven
brush work on neck; white wave-lines and brush-strokes on the dark ground. The joining of the jugs is painted in solid
red and the color continues down the side of each jug to the base. Rims and handle are of solid color. There is a white
circle around the central hole of the strainer and the top of the closed jug bears a triple criss-cross of wave-lines and
stitch pattern in white on a dark ground. H. of spouted jug, 18.2 cm. H. of closed jug, 17.7 cm. From F 40. Reg.
No. 1843. [Cf. PI. IX 9, pp. 26, 44.]
PLATE K. Pithos with Whorl and Double-Axe. (L. M. I, c. 1500 B.C.) The illustration is two-thirds of the actual
size.
Small pithos with four horizontal handles, neck-ridge, and projecting rim and base; a few fragments are missing.
Rather coarse pink clay with dark grains; buff slip, low lustre. Decoration in black paint and red chalky pigment.
Base and deep groove above it are painted black. Three narrow bands, black, red, black, below a zone filled with grasses
executed in black and red. Above this are narrow bands, black and red, a row of single spirals in black, and more bands,
red and black in alternation, increasing gradually in width as the pithos enlarges. The shoulder zone is profusely dec-
orated. Below one handle is a double-axe of fancy type, with a ball surmounting the shaft, black and red ornaments on
the blades, and a red fillet falling from it in rippling streamers. To right and left are black circles with red centres.
These circles, together with wave-lines, black and red, fancy scrolls, and leaf-ornaments, appear under the other handles
without the axe. Between the handles are two-lobed whorls, their centres being divided into quadrants, each containing
a red daub; red lines follow freely the outlines of the lobes and there are subordinate field ornaments in black. On one
side, the whorl shows a freer use of red in what resembles a plant design. A broad black band over the neck-ridge;
alternate red and black bands on the neck. Black over rim and outside of handles; black bands within the mouth. H.
59.7 cm. From F 40. Reg. No. 1822. [Cf. PI. IX 28, p. 44.]
60
PLATE A.
1 (M. M. I, c. 2200 B. C). Small hole-mouthed jug with bridge-spout. Round handle and tip of spout missing.
Fine pink clay. Black body-paint with low lustre. Chalky pigments, white and orange, used in bands around rim and
spout, and in a curious zigzag fan pattern on body of vase; the same design on both sides. A polychrome vase of early
type (' Proto-Kamares'). H. c. 7.5 cm. From a Cave-burial at Aghia Photia. Reg. No. 3794. [Cf. p. 56 (note 5 d).]
2 (M. M. I, c. 2200 B. C). Small cup with concave sides, flaring toward base. Round handle missing. Fine pink
clay. Lustrous black body-paint on inside and outside. Chalky pigments, white and red, used in bands, fine lines and
quirks. Polychrome style, like preceding. H. 4.7 cm. From a Cave-burial at Aghia Photia. [Cf. p. 56.]
3 (E. M. II, c. 2500 B. C). Jug with globular body, short round neck, and blunt bill-mouth. Tip of mouth broken.
Buff clay, imperfectly sifted; no surface coating. Decoration in reddish-brown paint. Many narrow parallel stripes
around neck, and forming two spherical triangles on body of vase, with apices meeting in front; beneath meeting point,
a wing-like figure: three bands encircle round handle. This design shows an unusually successful application of linear
principle in a style which was widespread in early Minoan times, throughout the Cyclades and on the mainland.
H. 12.9 cm. From a Rock-shelter burial at Cournia. Reg. No. 3726. [Cf. pp. 3, 6 (note 36.5), 33, 37, 56.]
4 (E. M. 111, c. 2300 B. C). Flaring cup with trough-spout and a projection on rim opposite spout for handle. Upon
a red and black hand-polished surface there is painted in creamy white a design of zigzags filled with parallel oblique
lines. Thus this cup combines a shape and surface treatment characteristic of 'Vasiliki' ware (p. 50, PI. XI, PI. B)
with a style of decoration typical of North Trench pottery (p. 57, supra), and must be assigned to the close of the Early
Minoan Period. H. 6.5 cm. From Cave-burial, Aghia Photia. Reg. No. 3760. [Cf. pp. 3, 56 (note 4 b), 57.]
5 (E. M. II, c. 2500 B. C). A small vase with oblate spheroid body and short cylindrical neck. Two ear-handles
with double vertical perforations are set low on the vase. An elaborate design—parallel grooves, lattice-band, concen-
tric half-circles interspersed with tiny triangles—is incised or impressed with marvellous precision in an 'archaizing
Neolithic' style characteristic of the 2nd Early Minoan period. H. 6.2 cm. Found with A 3 in Rock-shelter at Gournia.
Reg. No. 3782. [Cf. pp. 3, 6 (note 36.3), 10 (note 50), 37, 56.]
PLATE B.
1 (E. M. II, c. 2500 B. C). Schnabelkanne, with stout neck, round handle close to the body, and slight base-ring.
A typical example of 'Vasiliki' ware in shape and decoration. Bill-spout broken. Fine, hard, pink clay. Red body-
paint shading to brilliant orange and black, highly polished by hand. After polishing, orange paint was daubed on
spout and allowed to drip down the neck. H. 29 cm. From Room 3, Vasiliki. Mark, B. 25, R. 3, LA. [Cf. PI. XII
5, pp. 3, 6 (notes 35.9, 36.4), 33, 37, 49, 50.]
2 (E. M. II, c. 2500 B. C). Side-spouted jar of exaggerated form, combining a body of ' Vasiliki' ware with a bill-
spout decorated in the linear style. Strong rim and base-ring, strip handle. Pinkish-buff clay. "Pink body-paint
shading to black, with a regular snake-like design in addition to the usual mottled effect. This design seems to have
been made intentionally by the potter while the paint was still moist, by running his finger down the body of the vase
and squeezing the paint aside in two similar snaky bands, descending from the neck to the base." (R.B.S.) The long
spout is covered with creamy paint, on which a simple linear design,, comprising three groups of three lines hatched
obliquely, is executed in good black paint. Two clay pellets, one on either side of the bill-spout, are painted black to
imitate eyes. H. 14 cm. From Room 16, Vasiliki. Mark, B. 69, R. 16, LA. [Cf. PI. XII 7, pp. 3, 6 (notes 35.9, 36.4),
37- 49. 5o ]
PLATE C. 'Kamares' Cups from Gournia (M. M. lie. 2000 B. C).
1. Silver cup of graceful shape. Flat base; strong shoulder. Rim in four flutings; the side flutings are bisected
by the strip handles, which are attached to the rim by bronze rivets. One of the rivets that fastened the handles to
the shoulder ridge is missing; the other is of silver. H. 8.1 cm. From House-tomb, Gournia. Reg. No. 202. [Cf. pp.
3 (note 47), 6 (note 42.3), 56 (note 7).]
2. Terra-cotta cup of shape appropriate to metal. High base-ring. Four shallow flutes; two vertical handles
from rim to ridge near base of body. Pellets of clay imitating rivets where handles join rim; painted imitations of rivets
midway between handles. Fine pink clay, very thin; lustrous black body-paint, much worn; decoration in chalky pig-
ments. Narrow white base-band; red bands edged with white below and above four groups of sinuous lines (like wav-
ing alga:); alternate groups are red and white. From the rim depend festoons of white lattice work, on diagonally op-
posite flutes, and, on the alternate flutes, double chains of white links on red bands. On inside of rim, rows of white
wave-lines and segments of circles, white and red. Three groups of three white stripes across each handle. H. 10.6 cm.
From House-tomb, Gournia. Reg. No. 3621. [Cf. pp. 3 (note 47), 6 (note 42.3), 56 (note 7).]
3. Terra-cotta cup with base-ring and ridge like preceding. Eight deep flutings, on which are painted upright stalks
of leaves, alternate stalks being white and red. Vertical handle from rim to ridge, and a small rim-handle opposite.
Clay, glaze, and pigments like C 2. Red band edged with white on rim. White segments on inside of rim; white stripes
across handles. H. 11 cm. From House-tomb, Gournia. Reg. No. 3622. [Cf. pp. 3 (note 47), 6 (note 42.3), 56 (note
7)0
4. Cup of Vaphio or Keftiu shape, with concave sides and strip handle. Fine pink-buff clay; lustrous black body-
paint, much worn. Decoration of narrow bands and five spirals in bluish-white chalky pigment. H. 6.5 cm. [Cf. p. 6
(note 66).]
PLATE D. Early Gournia Pottery (M. M. HI? c. 1800 B. C. or later).
1. Schnabelkanne of sturdy shape; short neck, small round handle close to body; tip of spout broken. Pink-buff clay,
medium fine; dull surface, upon which the decoration is painted in black shading to brown. A wide band encircles the
neck, and there are stripes across the handle. From a base-band rise three groups of three strokes, which bend toward the
right and end in graceful curves on the shoulder. The effect is like that of waving sedges, executed in a free impression-
istic style. H. 18.3 cm. From F 29. Reg. No. 2774. [Cf. PI. VI 29, p. 38.]
2. 'Tea-cup' of a graceful shape appropriate to clay (contrast the metal form, C 4). Fine pinkish-buff clay, low
lustre; decoration of three bands and six spirals in black paint, which also covers the inside of the cup. Faint traces of
white streaks on the bands. H. 6.2 cm. Reg. No. 2808.
PLATE E. Jug with Vertical Scroll (L. M. I, c. 1700 B. C).
Schnabelkanne of sturdy shape {cf. D 1); tip of spout broken. Rather coarse pink-buff clay with a fine slip; no lus-
tre. Decoration in dull black paint, shading to red, with rich gradations of color. Three unequal panels are framed
by groups of three vertical lines; each panel bears a bold design of a solid vertical scroll. A base-band cuts across scrolls
and vertical bands; a wide band encircles the neck; two bands follow the line of the rim on both sides and are festooned
beneath the spout. Faint traces of color on the handle. H. 26.7 cm. From C 28. Reg. No. 2772. [Cf. PI. VI 31,
P- 380
PLATE F. Crocus Rhyton (L. M. I, c. 1600 B. C.)
Conical rhyton with hole at the bottom. Pinkish-buff clay with warm buff surface. Decoration in black paint,
shading to rich red with blue tints; white chalky pigment as accessory. Three zones are framed by pairs of bands, en-
riched by straight and wavy white lines. The lowest and largest zone has a charming design of crocuses; the middle zone
bears a shell or wave pattern; the uppermost zone contains spirals of many coils terminating in a flower at the centres.
Where handle joins rim, a clay pellet imitates the rivet of metal technique {cf. C 2). Rim and handle in solid color; ten
oblique white stripes across handle. H. 27 cm. From C 58. Reg. No. 2832. [Cf. PI. VII 27, pp. 4, 6 (note 66), 39,
40.]
PLATE G. Double-Axe Pitcher and Jar with Grasses (L. M. I, c. 1700-1600 B. C).
1. Wide-mouthed pitcher with bridge-spout and ring-handle (broken) opposite spout. Fine pink clay, lustrous
pink-buff clay; decorations in red, shading from bluish-black. The base is covered with a solid wave, the outline of
which is repeated in a second band. The principal design combining double-axe and sacral knot (secular and religious
emblems) occurs thrice, interspersed with circles of dots. On neck and shoulder are two rows of foliate ornament, sep-
arated by dots; brush strokes on the rim. Solid color over spout, inside of rim and handle; light stripes on spout; a
forked ornament is painted below the handle. The whole design is strongly influenced by art in metal. H. 12 cm. From
G 14. Reg. No. 2832. [Cf. PI. IX 12, p. 44.]
2. Round jar without handles; partly broken. Fine buff clay, decorated in brownish-red. From a base-band
spring grasses, painted with freedom; above this graceful design is a more formal decoration of bands and two rows of
fern. Solid color covers projecting rim and inside of jar. H. 10.1 cm. Reg. No. 1910. [Cf. PI. VII 11, p. 40.]
PLATE H. Octopus Bugelkanne.
Three-handled bugelkanne; practically complete (reconstructed from eighty-six pieces). Body a flattened sphere;
handles small and close to the body; closed spout considerably depressed; open spout short and broad. Fine pinkish-
yellow clay, lustrous buff slip; decoration in best black paint shading to brown. The vase is covered with a rich marine
design, two writhing octopods in the midst of smaller sea-animals, executed in the finest island style. Their fantastic
shapes recall the wonders of the Naples aquarium—corals, feather-stars, sea-anemones, sea-urchins, sea-snails {e. g., the
Triton's horn), etc. Waved lines continue the marine effect on the handles; spouts in solid color. This chef d'eeuvre of
Gournia pottery is remarkable for the vigor, balance, and high order of naturalism displayed in its design. H. 19.5 cm.
From C 15. Reg. No. 2783. [Cf. pp. 4 (note 56), 6 (note 54.4), 24.]
PLATE I. Bull's Head Rhyton and Lecythus-Rhyton with Double-Axe (L. M. I, c. 1600-1500 B. C).
1. Rhyton in the shape of a bull's head, with hole of 2 cm. diam. in top of head, midway between horns, and hole
of 8 mm. diam. in the muzzle; flat back to neck; horns and ears missing. Gray clay of fine even texture, covered in
greater part with a shining white slip to imitate silver. Eye-sockets and other details are painted black and a wine-red
pigment is added in some places (to represent blood? cf. pp. 48, 52 on use of such rhytons). The head is finely modelled,
witness the forehead, nose, and dewlap; in its original condition, it must have been surprisingly realistic. H. of head
(muzzle to crown) 12 cm. W. across forehead c. 7 cm. From C 58. Reg. No. 2840. [Cf pp. 6 (notes 66, 80), 39, 48, 52.]
2. Lecythus-rhyton with a broad, flat rim, small ring-handle, shoulder-ridge, and a hole of 6 mm. diam. in the bot-
tom. Practically entire. Pink clay, pale buff slip; decoration in black, shading to red. A plain band 5 mm. wide en-
circles the bottom hole. Three sets of large zigzags, broad bands edged by narrow lines, divide the field between base
and shoulder. In six small triangular spaces at the bottom, inverted double-axes alternate with the ' ..^h-net' pattern.
A series of large dots and a series of small flowers (marguerites?) separate the zigzags. Six triangular spaces on the
shoulder are filled with upright double-axes and the 'fish-net' pattern, in alternation. The design is formal but very
pleasing by reason of the just proportions, variety, and freshness of its elements. Note the use of drops of paint at angles
of meshes and chevrons and the effect produced by this device, when the potter inverted the vase to paint the bottom.
On shoulder, neck, and rim are broad bands decorated with small four-petalled flowers left in the natural color of the
clay ('red-figured' technique). The solid color is continued within the mouth of the vase. H. 22 cm. From Hill-
House. Reg. No. 1861. [Cf. for double-axe symbol, pp. 13 (note 105), 48, 53, 55.]
PLATE J. Double Jugs with Marine Design (L. M. I, c. 1500 B. C.)
Two jugs, joined by an arching handle and again on the sides, with a passage between them. The right-hand jug
is a receptacle with a closed top; the spouted jug has a strainer across its neck with fifteen holes arranged symmetrically.
Fine bright pink clay, lustrous slip of the same color; decoration in black shading to red, with accessory white lines,
streaks, and zigzags on the plain bands. In general the decoration of the jugs is identical: six horizontal bands below a
richly decorated zone and solid color over the upper part of the jug. Zigzags in the two upper spaces between bands.
The principal design consists of a mollusk (nautilus?) occurring seven times on each jug; shells and tentacles are outlined
with dots, probably mere ornament {cf. Plate IX, 4, 5, 7) but with possible reference to nodes and suckers; in the back-
ground small flower-like objects; a row of brush-strokes and a wave-line form the upper margin of the zone. Uneven
brush work on neck; white wave-lines and brush-strokes on the dark ground. The joining of the jugs is painted in solid
red and the color continues down the side of each jug to the base. Rims and handle are of solid color. There is a white
circle around the central hole of the strainer and the top of the closed jug bears a triple criss-cross of wave-lines and
stitch pattern in white on a dark ground. H. of spouted jug, 18.2 cm. H. of closed jug, 17.7 cm. From F 40. Reg.
No. 1843. [Cf. PI. IX 9, pp. 26, 44.]
PLATE K. Pithos with Whorl and Double-Axe. (L. M. I, c. 1500 B.C.) The illustration is two-thirds of the actual
size.
Small pithos with four horizontal handles, neck-ridge, and projecting rim and base; a few fragments are missing.
Rather coarse pink clay with dark grains; buff slip, low lustre. Decoration in black paint and red chalky pigment.
Base and deep groove above it are painted black. Three narrow bands, black, red, black, below a zone filled with grasses
executed in black and red. Above this are narrow bands, black and red, a row of single spirals in black, and more bands,
red and black in alternation, increasing gradually in width as the pithos enlarges. The shoulder zone is profusely dec-
orated. Below one handle is a double-axe of fancy type, with a ball surmounting the shaft, black and red ornaments on
the blades, and a red fillet falling from it in rippling streamers. To right and left are black circles with red centres.
These circles, together with wave-lines, black and red, fancy scrolls, and leaf-ornaments, appear under the other handles
without the axe. Between the handles are two-lobed whorls, their centres being divided into quadrants, each containing
a red daub; red lines follow freely the outlines of the lobes and there are subordinate field ornaments in black. On one
side, the whorl shows a freer use of red in what resembles a plant design. A broad black band over the neck-ridge;
alternate red and black bands on the neck. Black over rim and outside of handles; black bands within the mouth. H.
59.7 cm. From F 40. Reg. No. 1822. [Cf. PI. IX 28, p. 44.]
60