Ars: časopis Ústavu Dejín Umenia Slovenskej Akadémie Vied — 43.2010
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DOI Artikel:Balážová, Barbara; Medvecký, Jozef: Sunt, ut erunt horae...: zum spätbarocken Umbau und zur malerischen Ausschmückung der Koháry-Schlösser in Ebenthal und St. Anton (Svätý Anton)
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Nr. 1 / Obsah / Contents
Nr. 1 / The "Croatian Westwork" revisited
3
innovative and impressive features of medieval ar-
…
discovered in the Dalmatian Highlands, and an im-
…
and historical sources. But as I started revising the
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of cultural anthropology and RnguisticsP The fact
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and PETRICIOLI, I.: Crkva Sv. Spasa na vrelu Cetine. In:
4
architecture in Croatia m 1969, and so its theoreti-
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by the court and high gentry; and 3. Early-Ro-
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in Lombardy, the Alps, and Catalonia. With some
…
lines and square angles, and also a very pronounced
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(TAwť, hnanced by the Ministry of Science, Education and
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as opposed to mono-axiality and mono-polarity
…
tecture, and are also found in the architecture of
…
Early Croadan buildings and those of Asia Minor. An
…
of concept and structure. Such tendencies could
…
mono-axiality of space, and suprême continuity of
…
form and entitled EGA (London 1987). On
5
currents and undercurrents, and exceptions to the
…
1982 and elaborated further in the conclusion of my
…
on empirical testing of hundreds and hundreds of
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1996 and 2006. In particular 2006, pp. 211-220.
…
102, especially pp. 96, 98-99, notes 2 and 8 (references to my
…
a building that does not ht my systém, and listed the reasons
…
not with sudden and clear-cut changes, but a ywmn
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fon between the Pre-Romanesque and the Roman-
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art within its material and spiritual (cultural) context.
…
KITZINGER, E.: Gregorian Reform and the Visual Arts:
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the Romanesque in Croatia, Miljenko Jurkovic and Nikolina
6
and cultural issue (t.e., also an issue of content).
…
Marasovič, and were systematically treated in my
…
building, SS. Peter and Moses in Solin, is almost Verbatim
…
of them, at Bijači, IColjani, Žažvič and Crkvina in
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for St. Martha at Bijači, and the church at IColjani,
…
likely a missionary, Gumpertus [Fig. 2], and we can
…
of Christ. In a still rather crude and primitive stage
7
just after the Frankish conquest and conversion, ca.
…
wall or earthen ramparts, and consisdng of a sériés
…
cultural landscape, and a framework for existence
…
mouth, founded in 675, and [arrow, founded in 680.
8
Nave) or Merovingian France (St. Jean, Poitiers), and
…
(elongated rectangle) and the church at Paderborn
…
combinadon of centralized chapel and a palace-hall, see WA-
…
Mary and Stephen at Crkvina in Biskupija, the church
…
fairly direct effect, too, and our Gumpertus [Fig. 2]
…
cular building is rectangular and the sacred precinct rounded.
9
had some influence on the Duke, and he even tried
…
and Lopuška glavica, all in Biskupija [Figs. 4, 5], the
…
ings is rounded buttresses, complété vaulting, and a
…
the 9^ and the 11^ Century. The most developed
…
1-28; and MILOŠEVIČ 2000 (see ln note 16), Vol. 1, pp.
10
basis of earliet attempts, and continuing by now
…
relevant numbers and bibliographies in MILOSEVIC 2000
…
186. In addition to "Voll-Westwerks" of St. Spas and St.
…
Lobor, and to Zalavár indeed share is that they were
…
stood in a "Villa regale", the churches at Cetina and
…
estabiished Roman and Early Christian phases (large
…
explored. Westworks and western towers continued to be
11
and, in terms of its rectilinear forms, also to some
…
the Treaty of Verdun and the division of the Empire,
…
Please see notes 18,19, and 22; also FILIPEC, K.: vlrAVvèc-
…
they and their companions saw by themselves while
…
çade with an emphasis on a single tower and a central
…
Corvey is much too monumental and complex. Still,
12
- in case of Duke Ljudevit of Pannonia and also of
…
at Aachen. Indeed, this structure constructed for and
…
Milosevic quotes references to State Councils (in Aachen and
…
similar to the Savior's Church, and, even more so, to
…
"Carolingian", and what is "Pre-Romanesque"; or,
…
the frescoes at Mais ("Carolingian") and at Naturns ("anti-
…
by Brozzi and Tagliaferi, who, speaking of the Langobard
13
The art and architecture of the Carolingians
…
of bi-polar building, the church with a western and
…
of the building. This westwork and eastwork would
…
two tower façades, and its heart, the sanctuary where
…
and western annex ("Westbau"), and eloquendy shows how
…
its semicircular ambulatory and contiguous radiating
…
Carolingian times, and, as far as one could conclude
…
Croatian Pre-Romanesque (and later) which are difhcult to
14
will také time and Martin Luther to remind Europe
…
of both the Imperiál and the borderland princes.
…
and in Croatia to vaulting rather large buildings while
…
and decorating of external faces of the walls — the
…
ca with a western transept, or, "won? Twwwo" and "won?
…
the westwork at Centula, and his conclusions that
…
ence between the E/nA at Centula or Corvey, and
…
the cuits of the Savior and the Emperor. The contentions
15
similar dichotomy ruies the painting and sculpture of
…
give way to a more structured, more planar, and more
…
our contention about what is Carolingian and what
…
and as foreign to Classical architecture as
…
1950, p. 227-291, m particular pp. 227,253-255,259-274; and
…
the classical and the barbarian tradition, assumed a
…
westwork and a "Westbau", Lobbeday has reminded
16
the Savior (Christmas and Easter), topping a "crypt"
…
See notes 27 and 28.
…
cording to the author); and the apse of St. Nicolaus at Otok pri
…
^ The researchers of the issue of the rotundas in Eastern and
…
structure. Thus, putting together a westwork and a
…
AwAnzzz RřyAy of hhwzgzZTzAz bAAA, 2,1975, pp. 123-129; and
…
Eastern Europe that it should be seen as a regulär type and
…
on a very reduced scale commensurate with the stature and
…
e.g., GOSS, V P.: Landscape as History, Myth, and Art. An
17
and his retinue, with a throne of the Emperor at
…
Aachen in 881, and Otto III barely managed to hnd
…
is the of the sacred (central space) and the
…
It continued to be a populär spa and a pilgrimage
18
company of my colleague and friend, distinguished
…
Mountain [Fig. 9] and under the limpid blue sky,
…
nearby. And Asturias has no towers! Nor there are
…
- art and architecture in wood, or the already invoked
…
practices in the Eastern Alps and picked up by the
…
decades, and here the Southern Slavic area seems
…
and Toporov, who, some fořty years ago, recogMzed
…
on a mountain, and Veles, the snake, the god of the
…
to many groups of both Indo-European and Non-
…
and Veles takés place. Building upon Katicic's in-
19
(Perun, Veles, Juraj) and the third by Mokoš;
…
7. There is usually water between Mokoš and Ve-
…
correct, then, hrst of all, the Croats and the other
…
Christianity. The Croats and other Southern Slavs
…
the self and the world. They re-made the picture
20
culture. Linguistics teaches us how to look for and
…
church, aisleless with a rectangular sanctuary and a
…
ness and winter, the superstructure is the "wegja",
…
and revolutionary inventions of Pre-Romanesque
…
man, relies, St. Michael...) and a tomb/altar at the
…
Ruler and his retinue
…
pine) as Perun's seat opposed to the wet and dark
…
question mark a few Unes up the page. I am not naive, and I
21
a form and concept exist and are accommodated
…
angels, and the live terrestrial ruler; to Perun, Thor,
…
Bijaci and Koljani [Figs. 1.4, 1.2], seem to pose ad-
…
Bijači and Koljani would be a very early example of
…
in the old country, and so they readily accepted the
…
tbe word "vežica" and its meaning.
…
the need to expose them to critical review and see
…
number eight, and the rectangular sanctuary of the
…
analogies and see one overwhelming theme for ail
…
petty village noble who curls up with his swine and
…
are just across the Sava and the Una rivers, and the
…
of strength, an image of power, and, in the case of
Nr. 1 / Public monuments in changing societies
39
he situâtes the utopia of commumsm and the actu-
…
Bratislava (Academy of Fine Arts and Design in Bratislava)
…
monuments, relocating and adapting Campanella's
…
self-celebratory statue-mama^ and its claim to equate
40
and guideline. What happened was that the Bolshevik
…
of world history, and securing its position with the
…
nationalist monument-building-fever and the Bolshe-
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two parts, the démolition of Tsarist monuments and
…
or carved in stone became pervasive, and were put
…
Soviet Union and, after World War II, expanded into
…
en space was reclaimed and was being transformed
…
socialist culture and renaming streets, squares, etc. In
41
Park by local inhabitants and not sélective memory
…
Grùtas Park in Lithuania [Fig. 2] and elsewhere in
…
^ This argument was used by Bill Hirst and Jonathan Bach
…
ments of the sociaHst past were coRected and put
…
Komar and Melamid, Russian émigré artists who had
42
unemployed statues, the losers and social outcasts
…
front-pages of newspapers and on the covers of
…
satisfaction and amusement for Western audiences
…
consumption and material culture after the long
…
Perestroika and the Destabiüzation of the Soviet Monuments.
…
greatly. Lenin and other sociaüst Symbols quickly
…
The once so important and so obvious context
…
And again, the attitude of high art and low art is far
…
o/ A<? and yßr/A
…
sociaüsm in the time of the purges and show trials
43
for production and the monster for destruction.
…
been imposed on them and hadn't been their own
…
délicate metaphor of both the transitional nature and
44
economical, hnancial and social burdens, pardy as
…
and the region sank into collective amnesia. The
…
the construcdon of monuments and their demolidon
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relies to be forgotten or destroyed and those arte-
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and ideological leaders. His original intention was to
…
duo named Little Warsaw had a similar idea and even
45
in the public space and the arcane art-world-context
…
left and right wings of the ex-counter culture stood
…
their teachers and a product of a failed utopia for
…
the erasure of the past by excavating and preserving
…
the Tito-era in ex-Yugoslavia, and a mere thirty years
46
provided not just mental support and solidarity to
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metaphorically and kterally after the fall of social-
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and the shared past are interwoven.
…
with their national, ethnie and religious homogene-
…
and competing memories intending to establish a
…
ism, as }án Slota and Anna Belousovová wreathed
…
the Slovák nation and to gain control over the public
…
Along with a flurry of nationalism, racism, and
…
perceived by them as an attack and o/
47
activist and scholar from Israel) for the Israeli-Pales-
…
the recent and distant past constantly triggering the
…
statues and the public sphere being used and abused
…
DEUTSCHE, R.: Public Art and Its Uses. In: CÁAAA
48
ttowski and gives a negative answer. As he explains:
…
Totalitarianism and Democracy. The Monument of "Poznan
…
Soviet one is even more harsh and violent, and the
…
ération of Russian and Estonian origin, but raised
…
projection and also as a platform for communication
Nr. 1 / O závislostiach mal'by
65
Photography in the Painting of the 1960s and 1990s
…
between the world and the image redecting it.
…
and or o/ o//r o/
…
begins with a reference to Walter Benjamin and his
…
Eclecticism and Hybridisation].
66
reality maintained a higher degree of objectivity and
…
and positive, and on the other hand, by the misuse
…
relating the digitally produced and distributed image
…
1960s — Gerhard Richter, Richard Hamilton and
…
expressionism and shifted their interest to the day-to-
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and initial vision. These doubts are most markedly
…
the 1960s as photo-paintings and compared them to
…
change in the status of both, photograph and the
…
picture (black-and-white colours, blurring achieved
…
s BUCHLOH, B. H. D.: Readymade, Photography, and
67
contrary to structuralism and post-structuralism,
…
and technical picture are essentially different types
…
hanging pictures and painters' genres such as por-
…
phenomenon of memory and recollections while
…
Geržová, due to the consonance of the painting and
…
his dGf/TTfAry c/ PGAg/"ypG (1931) and later in Hs
…
a photograph and not on reality.
…
tween reality and the photograph.
Nr. 1 / Something about a face
69
Practices and the Work of Graham Landin
…
Montréal, a passerby and a colleague or two will
…
and, as is usually the case, one of the passerby's has
…
ate everyday éléments and architecture of urban
…
be accomplished quickly, at relative expense, and
…
and complété the desired aesthetic effect in a com-
…
out doing and making things which endeavor to pro-
70
these works can enliven the drudgery and prescribed
…
Lacy, in the theoretically demanding and aca-
…
challenging conventions; and /A who
…
of display and critical analysis.
…
and convey a message of positive engagement with
…
the politics of place and space without falling into
…
gestures active in the nooks and non-spaces of the
71
site-specihc mandate and are not entering into the
…
chitectural site of exhibition and placement within
…
a control-agent that can, actively and purposeiully,
…
communicative and participatory action that rests
…
motives, such as Foucaulťs operative episteme and
…
Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri, who argue that
…
Following Hardt, Negri, and Foucault, power can be
…
multipücity that lies within us ail, and because we ail
72
and its place within the urban sphere (s), ultimately
…
entrenching of economic and political measures that
…
of a policed and commercialized economy control-
…
a private/public dichotomy is through the use and
…
goals and outcomes of discussion are modihed to
…
problém encountered in Arendťs and Habermas's
…
private and public that limit the diversity of citizen-
…
VILLA, D. R.: Postmodernism and the Public Sphere. In:
…
and the Art of the Public. In: TWAH A CAMkb.'H IWff.
73
ognizes the multiplicity of choice and the agency
…
such, I would argue this is apt opportunity and time to
…
nationalism, and subsequently the art that it funds
…
open form and functional démocratie society.
74
and theorizahon of public art practices within a démo-
…
relationship between modernism and post-modern-
…
site-specihcity, ephemerality, communitarianism and
…
confinement and AA? 7bo jfmTr /wn? ^4
…
incorporation of Street, graffiti, and post-graffiti art
…
forefront the compétitive and hierarchical nature of
…
HEIN, H.: What is Public Art: Time, Place, and Meaning.
75
argues that grafhti, post-grafhti, and Street practices
…
and post-grafhti practices are représentative of what
…
a direct interrogation occurs between the artist and
…
sociétal norms, and one that is inherently anti-capi-
…
the late 19^ and 2(A Century onwards, the idea of a
…
later years, is currently being dehned and has yet to
…
of influence and production. Plainly stated, these
…
and radical, ultimately fracturing the authoritative
76
entrance into the gaüery systém and its subséquent
…
of a génération, and provided the foundation for a
…
and subsequently street-art are now adapted into
…
and emphasis on the individual bio of the Street
…
York City and was under the représentation of Jeffrey
…
hnds it distressing that as her popularity and value as
…
and graffiti practices is that the artists are gener-
…
practice and a spectatorial practice, amounting to a
…
practices and actively theorizes public art, it is impor-
…
tions of commercial, public, and private. A project of
…
and free-up its dehned use value. One way of ac-
…
historians, artists, and theorists, a créative kind of
…
magnitude and importance that participatory works represent.
77
breadth and width of pubiicly activated work, legal
…
faces humanize our architectural zones and activate
…
By being aware and manipulating those mechanisms
…
In many studies and dissertations addressing
…
AiFZřFFMY' — JAMESON, F.: Globalization and
…
mapping mechanisms and thoroughfares initially
…
An Investigation into the Production, Consumption and
78
of styles, progressions, and, most importantly, dif-
…
included, are destructive and do nothing for the
…
graffiti and do not want to be associated with it.
…
accomplished for themselves and the other writers
…
Regardless, the principal and inRuential aspect of
…
practices are a direct correlate and logical descendent
…
own conglomérâtes, policing their own zones, and
79
that reiies on répétition, exchange, and homogene-
…
serves profit, stipulâtes exclusions and intégrations,
…
A comparable theoretical systém is Deleuze's and
…
and autonomy, activated by a surplus of capital.^
…
or ownership of public space as an inversed and
…
the spectacle and, more importantly, realize how
80
the city and its operational public sphere(s) must be
…
by exchange, créative exchange, and not throttled
…
tium of ardsts that validate and bring forth the value
…
monuments of an imagined and homogenous-self,
…
pièces encourage active and posidve forms of illegal
…
Each face, as it is enacted and completed by the
…
reduced and expanded, its absoluteness as a func-
…
endeavor that can be manipulated and contributed
…
the legalides and violence inherent to public space. In
81
subtly dislocates and insinuâtes violence towards
…
and Lefebvre's understanding of public spaces and
…
of the work; it présents a humanizing and friendly
…
and to which the greater populace must submit to as
…
pects and engagements that can be afforded in the
…
value of a thing is perceived directly and immediately.
…
and the objects appropriated by Landin's practice
…
to both the environment and the observerT The
Nr. 1 / Paths and strategies in the historiography of art in Central Europe
85
Paths and Strategies in the Historiography
…
phenomenon is a fascinating and at the same time
…
tur Ostmitteleuropas in Leipzig (GWZO) in 2008 and 2009
…
I wish to thank Jiří Fajt for the invitation to GWZO and
…
and ideological nature of our interprétation of tire past had been
…
and artists was transformed into a universal history
86
zure of the world or as a world-dominating museum. On this,
…
on the universal validity of the classical canon and
87
a science based on the présentation of facts and the
…
geschichte, Universität, Museum und die Mitte Berlins, 1810
…
Franz IKugler and Carl Schnaase took over the idea
…
stylistic forms and the idea that art is an expression of
…
school followed Herder's notion of "Volksgeist" and not its
88
pupil and co-author of the second édition of the PBzzzAzzA
…
man art as a specific and autochthonous historical
…
expression and ideological instrument of German
89
Moravia and professor of art history, drst at Prague
…
art of multi-national régions such as Bohemia and
…
and the majority of them hold to a universalising
…
4. Anton Springer accepted janitschek's conception and sup-
…
1863, Lützow taught history and archaeology at Vienna
…
Österreichisches Museum für Kunst und Industrie from 1885
…
erty including its cultural héritage and, not least,
…
22 On janitschek's pan-Germanic and anti-Habsburg position,
…
Geschichtsforschung; 1864, Österreichisches Museum für
90
solidarity and coopération between its different peo-
…
sion on the Research and Préservation of Historical
…
as an Artistic Region and 14*-Century Painting and Sculpture
…
"national character" of art on the one side and the direct con-
…
connections between the national art and the European cen-
91
the hegemonie place of Western Europe and its cen-
…
of a private letter. Eitelberger's disciple Albert lig attempted
…
von Falke, K. von Lützow and A. 11g, through the leading
…
sity and the Institute for Austrian Historical Studies
…
They absorbed and transposed the ideology of
…
sible to say that Riegl radicalised and completed
…
normativismA and, with the help of the concept of
…
History and the Crisis of Modernity. In: MAEEsAry, 26, April
92
of the essence of a nation and polygenetic tdeas of
…
Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages an historical
…
— haptic and optic.
…
and, later, Vienna Universities, Josef Strzygowski,
…
tric and anti-centralistA He understood the art of the
…
romantic faith in émanation and poly-genesis. He
…
The Birth of Late Antiquity: Riegl and Strzygowski in 1901.
…
RANCI, C.: Basiiicas and Black Holes: The Legacy of Josef
93
chism and centrifugal nationalism was symbolically
…
cluded especially his direct pupils Coriolan Petranu and Virgil
…
origin and autochthonous nature of the art of
…
especially by Slav and Rumanian art historiansU
…
History of Art in Poland and the "Vienna School of Art
…
/ yp/u [From the History of Polish Art History. Studies and
94
and National Patriotism
…
and scientism with the demand to identify national
…
^ Ibidem, chapter "Mission and transformations: The role of
…
souvislostech [Vojtěch Birnbaum — His Life and Work in the
…
universality of the history of art and support for its
…
University professor and pupil of Dvořák, and later
…
salism and patriotism was to seek to identify the
…
ing point was still the premise of the universal and
…
Art History and Czech Historiography of Art]. In: J3WA
…
In: KRAMAŘ, V: O <Amy<?A [About Paindngs and
95
salism and regionalism.^ He developed his causal
…
of regional phenomena as peripheral and developmentally
…
Sokolowski and Julian Pagaczewski. Sokolowski, who was
…
and Development of Academie Insňtutions in the 19* and
…
zwAkok' and causal explanaňon with the help of terms such
…
péče a slovinské dějiny umění [Monument Préservation and
…
250-260. See also GOSS, V P: Josef Strzygowski and Early
96
creativity and originality precisely because of their
…
"persistence versus development" and "folk art
…
Art History in Austria-Eiungary and South-Eastern Europe,
…
Riegks and StrzygowskTs, was, therefore, a conhict
…
See Wp* yy&z [Voices of the World and the Home].
…
and Anton Hekler dominated ofňcial Hungarian art histo-
…
emphasized not only the distinctness of Hungarian art and
97
art, and who sought to dehne the specihc contribu-
…
connections and inspirations.^
…
art in Hungary with ethnie Hungarian or Magyar art and ex-
…
[European Art and Magyar/Hungarian Art], 1918. Fülep in
…
and architecture, sharply criticized art historians for their
…
Walicki, Juliusz Starzynski), and by the end of the
…
hoff and their heirs, art in Poland or Polish art was
…
ICKI and his páper "Z badan nad problémem narodowošci
…
Sztuka i kolonizacja niemiecka na wschód od Odry [Art and
…
WALICKI and Juliusz STARZYNSKI, 'TA (vfgAA PA1A
…
the National Museum in Krakow and specialist in Polish art
98
modernism and its demand for the independence
…
art was unereative and had contributed nothing to
…
On the relationship between modernism and nationalism,
…
World War I and Art Ehstory. In: vH HTTrg 22, 1999, pp.
…
and wrote the well-known Ti'f
…
art and cultureX
…
1907 and published in DTTAvA ZTTAqA, RU 1908, pp.
99
task of the histonography of art was to cteate and
…
topič of the spread, disseminahon and export of
…
of mediator between West and EastT Moreover, he
…
- 1330]. In: A'AAçgA VIII %AC% [Art and Ideology
…
and replaced cosmopolitanism with nationalism.
…
liistoric synchronies or the search for national and
…
and prompted the effort to identify lts bearersA
…
Dürer, Pieter Brueghel, Jacopo Tintoretto and El Greco. See
100
tional character" and geographical constants in the
…
G. HAHL). It was symptomatic that Wickhoff's and Rieghs
…
frontiers and follow an extensive ethno-territorial
…
guished German art historian and professor at the
…
and "The New Tasks" of Art History. In: Mrr, 40, 2007, No.
101
version of the expressionist doctrine*"" and identihed
…
netic paradigm and the premise of the impersonal autonomy
…
changing artistic forms and genres or types.
…
art, as the and of "G<?777Az%yöf/wr".'"*
…
history of art ("Sonderleistungen"), and the radiating
…
HyyrAyytA" and "Aíýyzz/Awgyy", and outlined "gy'yygEyyyyt^grgA'gA/g
…
and periphery, Pinder also took an important step towards
…
Concept of National Art. Problems of Artistic Periphery and
102
and Josef Strzygowski, such as Hans Sedlmayr or
…
/ortgf and emphasized the idea of the
…
nious synthesis of German and Slavonie art. — SWOBODA,
…
East was reversed, and the art of eastern Central
…
of the pupils of Riegl's and Dvorâk's cosmopolitan
…
"Tt grew from lectures given by Strzygowski and his pupils
103
acter, they searched for speciňc and constant national
…
Pryřr<2/72/p22/i'Pť72X2V72r/iPA^^T and its spécifie characterwas
…
to Central and Eastern Europe in the 1950s. The
…
Gothic and Renaisssance. Panel Painting, 1450 - 1550]. Praha
…
specihc and constant characteristics of Czech Gothic art. See
…
ist and Marxist-Leninist Theories. In: Dio X2272rp2t/27pogfA^Tw
104
and began to be treated as the history of States or
…
and "r<AAA zzzzTAzzzzATzv^ězz... Kczzyp*/ ëz'zzër zzEzozzA Azzzzgëzzëzz
…
Creativity, and Social Importance of Polish Artists or Artists
…
rTrëArëCëPo zzwěAď zzzz J/orězziCzz [History and Conceptions of
…
otic and represented in many ways metely a more
…
past was already criticized by Tibor Gerevich and Dagobert
…
proach, Reiner Haussherr and Wolfgang Braunfels criticized
105
of Hungary as an artistic unit and as the only historically
…
ation, the projection of the present political and geographical
…
between the acceptance of external Stimuli and
…
Lands and Europe], In: Ibidem, pp. 19-55.
…
tion of a territorially and artistically autonomous organism.
…
Bohemia: Architecture, Sculpture and painting, ed. E. Bach-
106
this keystone was the nation; in the state and ter-
…
The idea of a centralized state and the notion of
…
stratifted and polyphonie organism. See, e.g., MAROSI, E.:
…
SKL Warszawa 1995, and PoZrzť [Gothic
…
and the nationalst residue still impücitly present in
…
pression of a collective entity and its history as the
…
taste of patrons and a means of satisfying their social
…
Studies into Works and People]. Ed. A. S. LABUDA. Poznan
…
Visual Culture of Moravia and Silesia, 1440 —1550]. Vols. 1-4.
…
territorial and local-geographical approaches. The artistic
107
demands. Initiaüy, this turn towards the cultural and
…
tionalem and to an internationalisation of the image
…
method in post-war Poland was Lech Kalinowski and its
…
scholars, some monastic orders, especialiy mendicants and
…
or customers and not least the history of the rep-
…
art^ and the idea of the "Abendland" W In place
…
cases, the initiative of Lajos Vayer, Wolfgang Brauenfels and
…
(empire, dynasty) and Christian religion (spirituality). Due to
108
metaphysical, essentialist meaning, and the idea of
…
GvArAř ArEAKréAyg Ar A%ArA% GArAr" (Vol. 2, p. 7) and
…
or "Volk", and was conceived as the history of a
…
However, the particular national and state con-
…
Europe searched for international artistic links and
…
political, religious, administrative, and social institutions
…
and combined sociological and administrative structuring
…
fact, Braunfels speaks of "AAvA^GrAwAAR/AvE and puts
…
BACH - S. WAETZOLD - R. ZEITLER. Berlin 1967 and
109
Moravia and PolandA^ Another one is the idea of
…
of art and its immanent development.'"
…
and state frontiers. The interaction of artists as well
…
of the "/%Az mUnzt" and 'Awoz^fpfwzTzms''' (MÜLLER 1966
…
tically as 'G tVÆz/zzo/z 7Vfř7Wz'f y" vzz/nw", and so as a common
…
social dimension of the history of art and particularly
…
search into international artistic communication and
…
Burckhardt""' and Aby Warburg, and by combining
…
Bialostocki and J. Burckhardt. — CIULISOVÁ, I.: Against
110
fulhlment of social rôles and the specific demands of
…
tasks and functions, as well as the role of patrons,
…
53-68. On Bialostoclďs combination of national and dynastie
…
Schlosser and Panofsky. In: RFArMwďPřrtyTčw gf CTATy
…
enTGr/7^w, 13, 1967); 22"f 25^ and 28^ World Congresses
…
poütical structure of the région and a product of
…
Romanesque architecture already by Anežka Merhautová and
…
and Hungary]. Wroclaw 1974. In 1975, a conferrence devoted
…
that resulted in irrationalism; and 3. international^ oriented
111
regionalism and the sociological approach to art."^
…
cal or state units: Hungary, Bohemia and Poland. In
…
rejection of both: pan-Germanic and Soviet visions
…
Central Europe that evoked criticism and provoked
…
Kingdom of Hungary and the Polish "Common-
…
and Vayer's ones; see footnotes 154 and 169. Like DaCosta
112
Critlcizing both explicit and implicit nationalism, he
…
and Jan Bialostocki, Kaufmann based his vision of a
…
and functions, required by three different social
…
Enrico Castelnuovo and Karl Ginzburg,' in Order
…
national cultural communication and the mobility of
…
Kubier, and the idea of periphery as a Creative region from
…
artists and considered the Central European area as
…
tion of Europe and especially its doctrine of unity in
…
history of art as the history of the ethnie nation and
…
Wolfgang Braunfels and, a little later, East German
…
the dialectics of art and society they studied, the historical
113
and as a iinguisticaiiy dehned space, char-
…
art and regional development. Thus, the history of
…
A. FEULNER and Th. MÜLLER, the authors of the hrst
…
GřtGťGA" and regarded the history of German sculpture 'GA
…
"Deutschland". As in the work of Klotz and Warnke,
…
and can be regarded as interaction
114
and accentuâtes the yf yAw/An*" and the
…
style and connected it with Biaiostocki's dynastie
…
The ruling dynasties and their courts were no longer
…
differendates between Pinders ethno-nacionalist and Jantzen's
115
and trans-national "exchange"A*
…
of its trans-national orientation and intention to
…
of East-Central Europe as an active and créative
…
Marcus Hörsch and EveRn Wetter. See WETTER, E. (ed.):
…
of the Eastern part of Central Europe and pre-sup-
…
a combination of historicizing and presentist state
…
2007. Bruno Klein quakfies "ALAAzzzwzA/' and "HAzArřzzz'-
Nr. 1 / Jan Białostocki and George Kubler
119
Jan Bialostocki and George Kubier.
…
Tfř o/ begins and ends with an attack
…
to reductionism and simplihcadons, excludmg from
…
American scholar must hâve aroused and continues
…
TAzzgt. New Haven - London 1962, pp. VILVIII and 127-
…
The titles of Jan Bialostockl's books and articles have been
…
yzyfz [Theory and Art. On Traditions and Invention in the
…
elements: to sum up - to praise - to criticize, and
…
- z cbfzzyy zy AAA tyz'zz^z [Symbols and Images in the
…
roku 1945 [Jan Bialostocki and the Evolution of Art History
…
of Style and Kubler's Theory]. In: SiMH, pp. 135-145.
120
cept of style, and above all, an attempt to ovetcome
…
which cteate, as it wete, bundles of tradition; and
…
of "pnAi? o<pAA" and their "rtpPAt" which hark back
…
enabled one to analvze and understand the function-
…
sztuki [Tkc Concepts and Problems in Contemporary History
…
Renesans polski i renesans europejski [The Polish and the
…
Bialostocki's iconographie studies háve concrète and
…
Tradycja i innowaeja [Tradition and Innovation], In: RiS II,
…
^ BIALOSTOCKI, J.: Judith: The Story, the Image, and the
121
a comprehensive and exhaustive wayT The crowning
…
Thus Jan Bialostocki was focused on great and
…
and "Passing" in Poetry and Art]. In: TiT, pp. 105-136.
…
[On Facts and Generalizations in Art History]. In: RiS I, pp.
…
ter, to the co-existence of innovative and traditionalist
…
Thinking in global categories and trying to in-
…
about them already in the 1950s and getting ac-
…
i dziš [On Replicas and Copies - In the Old Times and Today].
…
BIALOSTOCKI, ].: Encompassing Thèmes and Archétypal
…
of Mannerism and Polish Art], In: 5W, pp. 190-211;
122
(Theory and Creativity). It appeared about a year
…
are subject to transformations and in which one can
…
[Traditions and Iconographie Transformadons]. In: TiT, pp.
…
very use of the words '(bzzzrzzA" and "y7//yz%p/" in the
…
AA/ory", and presenting the foundations of art in the
…
exclusively simplihed and schematic interprétations;
…
A?y/AAf', and that yzAyA JiyAoA M yzr/ AAArt oA/mAy
…
of the history of the art process and he postulated
123
various contradictory views and opimons, and derive
…
critique and rejection of iconology were équivalent
…
the systém and a lack of universal principles. That is
…
to preserve and strengthen the entire structure of art
…
senschaft", Balkanization, Polish Context and Independence
…
of methodological eclecticism. The füllest and most
…
/Hpo o/ 772720 and was cited in the second chapter of
…
a community, and therefore various méthodologies
124
philosopher and cathoiic priest Józef Tischner pub-
…
create a dosed and exhaustive systém which would
…
1979. Thinking, thatis story-telling, and "Gr^FAT??*-
…
to tell long stories about stylistic transformations and
…
Therefore, we are returning to Focillon and
…
at that point whether and to what extent iconology
…
with a single painting or sculpture and thereby shed
…
systemach metahzycznych [Types of Outlooks and Their De-
Nr. 1 / [Rezension von: Rodzińska-Chorąży, Teresa: Zespoły rezydencjonalne i kościoły centralne na ziemiach polskich do połowy XII wieku]
Nr. 1 / Zapomenutý výtvarník Josef Vinecký
Nr. 1 / Časopis Ústavu dejin umenia Slovenskej akadémie vied. Journal of the Institute of Art History of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
Nr. 2 / Gottlieb Anton Galliarti inventor
Nr. 2 / Sunt, ut erunt horae...
Nr. 2 / Memorie barokního preláta nebo reprezentace rytířského řádu?
Nr. 2 / Maulbertschova freska ve Filosofickém sále Strahovské knihovny: forma a technika
Nr. 2 / Vincenzo della Greca: Lettioni date da me...
294
Italian Manuscript in the Archives of the East Slovakian Museum in Košice^
…
Museum in Košice (Východoslovenské muzeum v
…
Monuments and Museums), which informs that "PA*
…
only record in both Slovák and world literatuře on
…
general geometrie définitions and concludes with
…
archives of the East Slovakian Museum in Košice, its
…
into the museum's possession even prior to 1918.
…
tractate as an item of the museum's collection, dates
…
Museum in Košice could hâve acquired it.
…
and Vojtech, Viktor Myskovszky and Imrich Henszl-
…
thanks to the support from and coopération with the East
295
The museum started registering its collections in the
…
Republic the museum became a state-run institution
…
tion and conclusions, it is possible to make an as-
…
had been recorded since 1904, and the inventory of
…
of the manuscripťs arrivai in the museum collection
…
by the East Slovakian Museum in Košice from the
…
manuscript could have been passed onto the museum
…
per-Hungarian Museum Association, probably by a
…
museum by a completely different person. In a fur-
…
manuscripťs contents and its interprétation with
…
speculate about no less than two and no more than
296
and the note has a chatacter of signature. Thus, the
…
neat and précisé, it shifts to stiii legible, yet 'Taster"
…
in the manuscript being explained and clarihed. It is
…
suddenly being more sophisticated and professional.
…
parts containing 63 and 25 sheets respectively, which
…
Greca, and a collection of bills dating from 1664 to
…
London and the Košice version of the manuscript.
297
a French-speaking region and after many years (when
…
the reconstruction design presented in 1646 and
…
authorship to Felice was in fact incorrect, and that
…
name remains unknown and provides an opportunity
…
manuscript is hrst and foremost a manual for stu-
…
this part, the text and the drawings are positioned
…
details the Tuscan and Doric column orders, the
…
to the drawings on pages 17 and 18 of the London
Nr. 2 / Obrazy (z) minulosti
315
of Fine Arts and their Transfer to the State Collections during the Slovák State
…
and represents the pioneer attempt to summarize
…
History and Culture, Trnava University in Trnava and
…
property, évaluations, public sales and transfer to The
…
(1900 — 1955) and Dr. Alžběta Guntherová-Maye-
…
mentionmg also art, jewellery and art collections.
…
and are generally known as 'The jewish Codex".
…
tion, Museums and Fine Art. Dr. Wagner worked m
316
in the sphere of the monument préservation and
…
actions — Dr. Wagner and Dr. Gdntherová-Maye-
…
and Levoča. During the same year, Gdntherová-
…
detailed in descriptions of the objects' qualides and
…
muséums and galleries. Eventually, only 14 paintings
…
many and the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia,
…
following few months, the situadon was unclear and
…
MENE to the MF. All 14 paindngs and addidonal
…
carried over in 1950 and 1951 from The Slovák Na-
…
and European modem art movement, old masters,
…
Epstein, Armand Schönberger and Frida Salvendy.
…
Alexander Bazovský and Vladimir Droppa. Apart
…
nica and Banská Sdavnica. The representadves of the
…
to The Museum of Mining m Gelnica. The second
Nr. 2 / Časopis Ústavu dejin umenia Slovenskej akadémie vied. Journal of the Institute of Art History of the Slovak Academy of Sciences
^.7.
7. GcM/wAw/qty Ar Xc-
Ary-UTA.r.fo' A E^^wAV
Ar 70. J^^r-
^^J^yTr.
,J 73(3 W/h /;//fc^co Ac/ KoA%yy"
Das repräsentative Zentrum und die Dominante
des Schlosses ist der Festsaal inmitten des Fronttrakts
[Abb. 8]. Mit der Gestaltung des Interieurs wurde
offenbar der ältere der in Wien sesshaften Brüder
Galk-Bibiena, „Ar <?nA
Giuseppe Galli-Bibiena (1696 — 1757) beauftragt.
Im Konvolut der Theaterprojekte Bibienas blieb
eine vom Autor nicht signierte bravouröse Vor-
schlagsskizze für die Illusionsarchitektur an der
Decke des Festsaals erhalten. Vom Autor wird sie
nur als „ 7 73h Wh AyKsYV A/Gw/ř föAzry" angeführt
[Abb. 9] A Die ausgeführte bis heute intakt erhaltene
Quadraturmalerei ist ein Beispiel für eine in Spitzen-
qualität gemalte Illusionsarchitektur, in diesem Fall
nicht ephemer, sondern im Fresko [Abb. 10]. Der
längliche Raum wird an der Frontseite durch drei
hohe Fenster beleuchtet; an den kürzeren einander
gegenüberliegenden Seitenwänden befinden sich in
der Mitte Kamine und plastisch geschmückte Kar-
tuschen mit den Geschlechtswappen von Andreas
Joseph Kohäry und seiner Gattin, unter denen heute
Spiegel zu finden sindc Die Wände, gegliedert nur
mit mäßig hervortretenden kannelierten Pilastern,
sind mit einem abgestuften profilierten Umlauf-
gesims abgeschlossen. Die gesamte Wandftäche
wird von gemalter Illusionsarchitektur bedeckt, die
über dem Gesims ins Gewölbe übergeht, wo in den
Supraporten vis-ä-vis Putti-Paare einkomponiert
wurden, die als fiktive Reliefs ausgeführte Rundme-
daillons halten, welche Allegorien der Jahreszeiten
darstellen. Auf der längeren Wand den Fenstern
gegenüber werden zwei Pseudostatuen in scheinbar
abgerundeten Nischen, offensichtlich stehende
mythologische halbnackte Figuren ohne Attribute
(eine männliche mit Bart und eine junge weibliche)
in Überlebensgroße dargestellt. Architektonische
^ Kunsthistorisches Museum Wien, Österreichisches Theater- ^ Einem historischen Blick in das Interieur des Festsaals zufolge
museum, cod. E 1611, fol. 131. Publiziert von GALAVICS, waren statt der Spiegel Ganzkörperportraits, möglicherweise
G.: Antonio Galii Bibiena in Ungheria e in Austria. In: AhA? von Koháry und seiner Gattin, eingesetzt. — R1ZZI1984 (wie
30,1984, Fasz. 3-4, S. 204-205, Abb. 28; auch Anm. 5), Abb. 3 (Aquarell von F. Heidrich).
RIZZI 1984 (wie Anm. 5), S. 4-6, Abb. 1.5.
220