Lairesse, Gérard de; Bowles, Carington [Editor]; Dufresnoy, Charles-Alphonse [Editor]: Bowles's Principles of Drawing: Forming A Complete Drawing Book ; Illustrated With A Curious Collection of Examples, Beginning With An easy and simple Method, calculated to Convey Instruction to Young Minds ; By which they may acquire The Art without the Assistance of a Master. Every Branch of Drawing is contained in this Book ... Elegantly engraved on Sixty Folio Pages of Copper Plates, All From The Original Drawings of the most approves Masters. To which ist prefixed, An Introduction To Drawing: Containing Rules and Directions for the Choice of Instruments and Materials, and how to apply and manage them. With easy and proper Lessons for the Young Student (London, [ca. 1793])

PRINCIPLES OF DRAWING.

SECOND LESSON.

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JL HE second lesFon consisls partly of geometrical figures*
some of them with plain lines, others with their sursaces
formed by light and shade.
Number i. is a circle. 3. The circle appearing with a
siat side, being filled with an equal shade. 3. A convex ap-
pearance given to the circle by light and shade. 4. A con-
cave appearance given to it. 3. Other convex and concave
surfaces. 6. A square of four equal sides. 7. An equilateral

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triangle. 8. A spiral or curve line issuing from a centre, and j
continually going ofs from it at every turn. 9. A cone. These,
with other figures shewn in this lesson, are useful in disferent
parts os practice.
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By cbnsulting a small treatise of Practical Geometry, by Le L
Clerc, the fiudent, in a sliort time, will gain a knowledge of /
the conslrudsion of geometrical figures, very advantageous in »
drawing multitudes of objeds. -

THIRD LESSON.

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HE third lesion will be more pleating to the learner here given, will qualify him to copy more difficult
than the former ones, and prafjising after the inslances presentations.

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FOURTH LESSON.
DIRECTIONS FOR DRAWING A FACE.

HE following leaves exhibit many examples of the fea-
tures of the human face, as the eyes, nose, mouth, ears. See.
The pupil should pradlise after the different features in their
various positions, till he is able to draw them well: uriless he
can perform the parts separately, it will be fruitless to attempt

the whole together,

Several easy examples are also given, of entire faces and
heads, in various attitudes. When the siudent has made a
progress in sketching after those in outline, there are others
which are finished for him to shade after. By considering the
plate annexed, he will improve his ideas of a face* and the
method of drawing it, in all the changes and variations which
are occasioned therein, by different turnings of the head.
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THE

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e, are
n the c

then1
4.

ich

The featu
face, when
the cross Jin
to these direi
pear in their
whatever wa
egg is turne
in fig* 6,7,
That the 1
prehend moi
use of these'
variations i:
turnings of
how the fe;
appear wher
dining to ei
ing upwards
jet him eith
or procure a
wopf turned
an egg. Dra
ways quite rc
in sig. 1, an<
jar from top
fig 2. Divi<
two equal pa
which reach
side, as in fi
tures being
cross lines,
right face, a
turning the f
ter to the
right, the ci
more curve
and 7, and t
be drawn on
hi fg. 6 an<
always proje
perpendicul;
portion as t;
or less tun
more of the
side os the s
fie. The
was drawn
is no longe;
but it gains
jerent line, t
into a new p
dining the c
and a little
cross will ap
h raised up
dining to th<
appear as in:
features in
are shewn in
^ vasl vai
differently in
stew-n by thi