Clarke, Richard [Editor]: The regulations of the government of Fort William in Bengal in force at the end of 1853 - to which are added, the acts of the government of India in force in that presidency: with lists of titles and an index (2): Regulations from 1806 to 1834 (London, 1854)

A.D. 1829.]

REGULATION 1.

835

A.D. 1829. REGULATION 1.*
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fzozz A 1821; zzzzJ ofbe-z'zez.seybz* ^roez&b/yy ybr fbe beffer Af ^zzzzzzz.s^a/zozz o/
UzvzY azzJ Uziizzzzzzzz/ Jzz.sfz'ce.- PASSED by fbe 6foeefzzoz'-Gezze?'of zzz Cozzzzcz^,
ozz fbe l^f Jhzzzzzzzy, 1829.
1. THE system in operation for superintending the magistracy and the
police, and for controlling and directing the executive revenue officers,
who in several cases are also magistrates, has been found to be defective.
The Provincial Courts of Appeal and Circuit, as now constituted, partly
from the extent of country placed under their authority, and partly from
their having to discharge the duties of both civil and criminal tribunals,
have, in many cases, failed to afford that prompt administration of justice
which it is the duty of Government to secure for the people. The gaol
deliveries have been, in some instances, delayed beyond the term pre-
scribed by law, especially in the division of Bareilly, which comprises
thirteen stations, at which gaol deliveries have to be held, besides the joint
magistracies of Belah and Sirpoorah; and a great arrear of cases under
appeal has accrued in all the courts, to the manifest injury of many
individuals, and to the encouragement of litigation and crime. The
judges of circuit, when employed singly in the districts under their
authority, do not possess sufficient powers, nor have they the opportunity
of acquiring sufficient local knowledge to enable them adequately to con-
trol the police, or protect the people. The great extent of country under
each of the Boards of Revenue has similarly operated to impede them in
the execution of the duties which belong to them as tribunals, for the
determination of all questions relative to the assessment of lands under
settlement, and for the judicial decision of many other important cases,
as the general guardians of the fiscal interests of the state, as directors
and superintendents over the executive officers, and as the confidential
advisers of Government. For the correction of the above defects, it has
appeared to be expedient and necessary to place the magistracy and police,
and the collectors and other executive revenue officers, under the super-
intendence and control of commissioners of revenue and circuit, each
vested with the charge of such a moderate tract of country as may enable
* By Reg. VI. 1831, a Court of Sudder Dewanny and Nizamut Adawlut was established
for the North-Western Provinces at Allahabad; and by Reg. X. 1831, provision was made
for a deputation from the Sudder Board of Revenue to be stationed at Allahabad, and to
exercise exclusive control over the revenues of those provinces. The customs revenues were
also placed under this Board by Reg. 1. 1833. The station of this Court and Board have by
proclamation been removed from Allahabad to Agra, and the Board is now styled the Board
of Revenue or Sudder Board of Revenue for the North-Western Provinces. Under Sec. iii.
Act IV. 1850, the Sudder Board of Revenue at the presidency is now denominated the
" Board of Revenue for the Lower Provinces of Bengal/'
5 o 2

Reg. 1. 1829

Preamble.