DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.1519#0103
TEMPLE OF APOLLO IN ARCADIA.
of the solid abacus, the diminution of the shaft, and the employment of the Doric number of flutings (twenty)
in broad and shallow sinkings, instead of the number of twenty-four, usual in these orders. The entablature here
is lighter than the external order, being nearly equal to a fifth of the order, while in the exterior it is more than
a third.
The Order exhibits the earliest example known to us of an Ionic cap on each face, as also of an abacus
placed on the Ionic cap ; the only examples of which have hitherto shown paintings on vases. The front and flank
volutes will be found to differ both in width and in profile. At M. Fig. 3, an upright joint is observed, showing
the extent of the abacus B less prominent in the back than in the front; these half volutes, C, were fixed in
separate stones, and not having been found, led to the belief that they never existed; but the discovery of the
abacus above (Fig. 1, Plate XIV.) established the fact. The square portion at the top of the volute in front (and
not in the side) will be understood on considering the point of view from which they were respectively seen, and
the necessity of supporting the abacus. The base (Fig. 3) is as remarkable for profile as it is for grace in its
application to the parastas. It will be observed that while the plan of the parastas, or shaft, is only 180° of
the circle, that of the base is equal to 300°. This extension is strikingly agreeable, and is no less necessary to
the effect of the whole base. We should remark here, that the cymatium indicated was not found, although
the upper surface of the cornice gives evidence of its existence by the usual sinking to relieve the pressure on the
moulding of the cornice. The enrichment on the moulding of the architrave has been added by the engraver, in
conformity with the Greek practice in such cases.
These peculiarities are further explained in Plate XIV. Fig. 4 shows that the plan of the cap was set out
from an artificial centre (not that of the shaft), and that the curvature of the two faces was diverse. Fig. 5 shows
this diversity in the inclination of the front of the cap, according to the point of view from which they were seen.
(See also the sections below.) Fig. 2 shows the insertion of the eye in the volute, and the mode by which it
was fastened. Fig. 3 shows the section through the cap on the angle. Fig. 4 shows the plan or horizontal
section through the volute.
Fig. 5 shows the soffit of the volute and the eccentricity of the lines in the two fronts.
Fig. 6, describes the section or plan of the cap at the bottom line of the abacus. The diversity of inclination
of the cap in C. and D. should be observed.
Fig. 7, gives us the section of the cornice and the upper moulding of the architrave.
Above the cornice is shown a small sinking, made by the workman to prevent the pressure of the member
laid upon it, and which therefore indicates the cymatium proposed in the previous Plate.
Fig. 8, gives the profile of the cap of the pilaster of the north door into the cella.
These notes will serve to show the optical considerations of the architect in adjusting this cap to its peculiar
points of view, both in the front and on the sides.
PLATE XV.
DETAILS OF THE CENTRAL COLUMN OF THE INTERIOR.
Fig. 1, shows the cap as found in the Temple, the lower part being unfortunately broken away : the material
was marble, and the workmanship of the utmost delicacy, each of the caulicolse being of exquisite sculpture
and diverse in its form and design. A portion of the upper stone of the columns showing the summoscape,
was found (see Fig. Q); the base was discovered in its place. Upon the surface of the cap the clearest indications
of colour were discovered, as also on the abacus. The design has been expressed in the engraving, and seems by
of the solid abacus, the diminution of the shaft, and the employment of the Doric number of flutings (twenty)
in broad and shallow sinkings, instead of the number of twenty-four, usual in these orders. The entablature here
is lighter than the external order, being nearly equal to a fifth of the order, while in the exterior it is more than
a third.
The Order exhibits the earliest example known to us of an Ionic cap on each face, as also of an abacus
placed on the Ionic cap ; the only examples of which have hitherto shown paintings on vases. The front and flank
volutes will be found to differ both in width and in profile. At M. Fig. 3, an upright joint is observed, showing
the extent of the abacus B less prominent in the back than in the front; these half volutes, C, were fixed in
separate stones, and not having been found, led to the belief that they never existed; but the discovery of the
abacus above (Fig. 1, Plate XIV.) established the fact. The square portion at the top of the volute in front (and
not in the side) will be understood on considering the point of view from which they were respectively seen, and
the necessity of supporting the abacus. The base (Fig. 3) is as remarkable for profile as it is for grace in its
application to the parastas. It will be observed that while the plan of the parastas, or shaft, is only 180° of
the circle, that of the base is equal to 300°. This extension is strikingly agreeable, and is no less necessary to
the effect of the whole base. We should remark here, that the cymatium indicated was not found, although
the upper surface of the cornice gives evidence of its existence by the usual sinking to relieve the pressure on the
moulding of the cornice. The enrichment on the moulding of the architrave has been added by the engraver, in
conformity with the Greek practice in such cases.
These peculiarities are further explained in Plate XIV. Fig. 4 shows that the plan of the cap was set out
from an artificial centre (not that of the shaft), and that the curvature of the two faces was diverse. Fig. 5 shows
this diversity in the inclination of the front of the cap, according to the point of view from which they were seen.
(See also the sections below.) Fig. 2 shows the insertion of the eye in the volute, and the mode by which it
was fastened. Fig. 3 shows the section through the cap on the angle. Fig. 4 shows the plan or horizontal
section through the volute.
Fig. 5 shows the soffit of the volute and the eccentricity of the lines in the two fronts.
Fig. 6, describes the section or plan of the cap at the bottom line of the abacus. The diversity of inclination
of the cap in C. and D. should be observed.
Fig. 7, gives us the section of the cornice and the upper moulding of the architrave.
Above the cornice is shown a small sinking, made by the workman to prevent the pressure of the member
laid upon it, and which therefore indicates the cymatium proposed in the previous Plate.
Fig. 8, gives the profile of the cap of the pilaster of the north door into the cella.
These notes will serve to show the optical considerations of the architect in adjusting this cap to its peculiar
points of view, both in the front and on the sides.
PLATE XV.
DETAILS OF THE CENTRAL COLUMN OF THE INTERIOR.
Fig. 1, shows the cap as found in the Temple, the lower part being unfortunately broken away : the material
was marble, and the workmanship of the utmost delicacy, each of the caulicolse being of exquisite sculpture
and diverse in its form and design. A portion of the upper stone of the columns showing the summoscape,
was found (see Fig. Q); the base was discovered in its place. Upon the surface of the cap the clearest indications
of colour were discovered, as also on the abacus. The design has been expressed in the engraving, and seems by