Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 1): Zeus god of the bright sky (Cambridge, 1914)

The Solar Chariot

335

horse (fig. 266)1, more rarely a bird2 or bull's head3 or lion4.
Since the Delphic tripod is sometimes treated as a winged vehicle
bearing Apollon across the sea5, it is conceivable that tripod-
handles were assimilated to the sun. But neither of the band from
Syros nor of the handles from Olympia can we say that they must
be solar; they may be merely decorative. More to the point is
the earliest type of Helios as a charioteer on Attic black-figured
vases6 (figs. 267, 268)7. The god emerges from the sea with a
team of two or four horses. But the only wheel visible is the disk
above his head ; and his horses turned inwards or outwards, as the

Fig. 267. Fig. 268.

case may be, recall in effect the back-to-back arrangement of the
Rhodian bronzes (figs. 261, 262)8.

1 A. Furtwangler in Olympia iv. 72 ff. e.g. no. 574 pi. 30, no. 607 pi. 33, no. 624
pi. 30, no. 640 pi. 30, and the restorations pi. 34, c, d, e. I figure pi. 33, a.

2 Id. ib. p. 73 no. 539 pi. 27, p. 79 no. 573 pi. 28 (two birds), p. 93 no. 638 pi. 29,
and the restoration pi. 34, b.

3 Id. ib. p. 79 no. 572 pi. 29, cp. no. 576 fig.

4 Id. ib. p. 93 no. 641 pi. 30.

5 On a red-figured hydria in the Vatican (Mon. d. Inst, i pi. 46, Ann. d. Inst. 1832
iv. 333 ff., Lenormant—de Witte El. mon. ce"r. ii. 20 ff. pi. 6, Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth.
Apollon pp. 63, 360 Atlas pi. 20, 12, Daremberg—Saglio Diet. Ant. i. 315 fig. 370,
Baumeister Denkm. i. 102 fig. 108, Gruppe Gr. Myth. Rel. p. 1235 n. 2). Lenormant—
de Witte op. cit. ii. 20 n. 10 cite a winged tripod from a coin of Agrigentum (G. L. Castelli
Prince of Torremuzza Sicilies populorum et urbium, regum quoque et tyrannorwn veteres
nummi Palermo 1781 pi. 7, 17).

6 Supra p. 226 f.

7 Fig. J04. —supra p. 226 n. 4 : fig. io^ = ib. n. 5.

8 Doubtless the grouping of the horses is primarily due to the fact that the artist could
not as yet correctly foreshorten his chariot: cp. the metopes from temple C at Selinous
(Perrot—Chipiez Hist.de VArt viii. 483 ff. fig. 245, Brunn—Bruckmann Denkm.dergr.und