DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14696#0215
160 jlgyietis-ViXlaxs
tion of the same1. From our present position it seems legitimate to
conjecture that this gateway or arch at first denoted the sky itself
resting on the side-supports. Such a supposition at least helps
us to understand the otherwise puzzling representations of the
Dioskouroi in Etruscan art. Their dokana are seen to be simply
the 'beams' of the world—its pillars and ceiling. And they them-
selves, as figured on Etruscan mirrors, are the humanised side-posts,
which naturally enough have between them a tree or a column
and above them a starry pediment-.
(fi) Agyieus=Pillars.
And here, at the risk of faring worse, we must go further. For
it is impossible to separate the Diana-pillars of Italy from the
Agj/ie?is-Tp\\\dirs of Greece3, which in form and fashion are their
exact counterpart. Grammarians and lexicographers define the
term Agyieus sometimes as a pointed4 or conical pillar5, sometimes
Paris 1870 iii. 2. 1 3 ff. pi. 5, Boetticher Baiimkiiltus pp. 156, 541 fig. 36, W. Helbig in
the Arch. Zeit. 1866 xxiv. 182 f., id. Wandgem. Camp. p. 274 no. 1279. See further
M. Rostowzew 'Die hellenistisch-romische Architekturlandschaft' in the Rom. Mittk.
1911 xxvi. 41 fig. 18-Sogliano Pitt. mitr. Camp. p. 141 no. 686, cp. id. ib. p. 52
no. 245.
A base or altar in the Villa Albani (G. Zoega Li bassirilievi antichi di Roma Roma
1808 ii. 235—238 pi. 98, Reinach Rip. Reliefs iii. 132 no. 1, W. Helbig Fiihrer durch
die dffentlichen Sammlungen klassischer Altertumer in Rom3 Leipzig 1913 ii- 409
no. 1847) shows ((7) Apollon, with lyre and pliktron, bow-case and quiver, standing beside
his bay-tree, which grows through a Corinthian gateway ; (b) a richly decorated tripod, on
the plinth of which is perched a raven; (c) a sacrificial ewer and bowl; (d) a griffin
looking backwards. The scheme of the rustic tree-shrine is applied to the cult of the
civilised Apollon in virtue of his sacred bay.
1 Supra p. 152 fig. 92. 2 Supra i. 766 ff.
:i The main facts and fancies relating to these ^-/gjww.s'-monuments are collected by
Welcker Gr. Gbtterl. i. 495 ff., E. Saglio in Daremberg—Saglio Diet. Ant. i. 168 f., Over-
beck Gr. Kunstmyth. Apollon p. 3 ff. Munztaf. 1, 1—8, G. Wentzel in Pauly—Wissowa
Real-Enc. i. 909 f., E. Reisch ib. i. 910 ff., K. Wernicke ib. ii. 41 f., De Visser De Gr.
diis non i-ef. spec. hum. p. 46 ff. § 22 ff., Sir A. J. Evans in the Journ. Hell. Stud. 1901
xxi. i73,5jGruppe Gr. Myth. Rel. pp. 77411. 4, 776 n. 1 f., 1232, Farnell Cults of Gr.
States iv. 148 ff., 307^, 371 f. coin-pl. a, 15, J. E. Harrison Themis Cambridge 1912
p. 406 ff., M. H. Swindler Cretan Elements in the Cults and Ritual of Apollo (Bryn Mawr
College Monographs: Monograph Series xiii) Bryn Mawr 1913 pp. 41 f., 74.
* Harpokr. s.v. 'A7was = Bekker anecd. i. 331, 32 f. = Souid. s.v. a7i<iai' = schol. Aid.
Aristoph. vesp. 875 = Zonar. lex. s.v. 'A7wei5s=:Favorin. lex. p. 28, 27 f. Herodian.
ii. 889, 27 ff. =Steph. Byz. s.v. dywa = Bekker anecd. i. 327, 17 f. Schol. Eur. Phoen. 631.
Eustath. in II. p. 166, 22 = Favorin. lex. p. 798, 5 f.
5 Souid. s.v. d,7wat = Zonar. lex. s.v. 'A7iuas = Favorin. lex. p. 28, 31 f. Herodian. i.
240, 21 ff. = Steph. Byz. s.v. dyvid, and schol. Aristoph. vesp. 875 use the word ofieKiakol,
which might pass muster as a rough and ready equivalent. Schol. Rav. Aristoph. thesm.
489 ''Ayvici' <b> ovtw KaXob^evos 'AttoWoju Terpdywvos was perhaps confusing the Agyieus
with a herm, cp. Ulpian in Dem. in A/id. 51 oi 8e dyvids (leg. 'AyuLas) (paai robs 'Ep/xaj
though Paus. 8. 32. 4 {infra p. 164 n. 7) describes an Apollon Agyieus at Megalopolis as
having crx^/xa rerpdyuvov (for which shape in Arkadia see sicpra i. 520 n. 2).
tion of the same1. From our present position it seems legitimate to
conjecture that this gateway or arch at first denoted the sky itself
resting on the side-supports. Such a supposition at least helps
us to understand the otherwise puzzling representations of the
Dioskouroi in Etruscan art. Their dokana are seen to be simply
the 'beams' of the world—its pillars and ceiling. And they them-
selves, as figured on Etruscan mirrors, are the humanised side-posts,
which naturally enough have between them a tree or a column
and above them a starry pediment-.
(fi) Agyieus=Pillars.
And here, at the risk of faring worse, we must go further. For
it is impossible to separate the Diana-pillars of Italy from the
Agj/ie?is-Tp\\\dirs of Greece3, which in form and fashion are their
exact counterpart. Grammarians and lexicographers define the
term Agyieus sometimes as a pointed4 or conical pillar5, sometimes
Paris 1870 iii. 2. 1 3 ff. pi. 5, Boetticher Baiimkiiltus pp. 156, 541 fig. 36, W. Helbig in
the Arch. Zeit. 1866 xxiv. 182 f., id. Wandgem. Camp. p. 274 no. 1279. See further
M. Rostowzew 'Die hellenistisch-romische Architekturlandschaft' in the Rom. Mittk.
1911 xxvi. 41 fig. 18-Sogliano Pitt. mitr. Camp. p. 141 no. 686, cp. id. ib. p. 52
no. 245.
A base or altar in the Villa Albani (G. Zoega Li bassirilievi antichi di Roma Roma
1808 ii. 235—238 pi. 98, Reinach Rip. Reliefs iii. 132 no. 1, W. Helbig Fiihrer durch
die dffentlichen Sammlungen klassischer Altertumer in Rom3 Leipzig 1913 ii- 409
no. 1847) shows ((7) Apollon, with lyre and pliktron, bow-case and quiver, standing beside
his bay-tree, which grows through a Corinthian gateway ; (b) a richly decorated tripod, on
the plinth of which is perched a raven; (c) a sacrificial ewer and bowl; (d) a griffin
looking backwards. The scheme of the rustic tree-shrine is applied to the cult of the
civilised Apollon in virtue of his sacred bay.
1 Supra p. 152 fig. 92. 2 Supra i. 766 ff.
:i The main facts and fancies relating to these ^-/gjww.s'-monuments are collected by
Welcker Gr. Gbtterl. i. 495 ff., E. Saglio in Daremberg—Saglio Diet. Ant. i. 168 f., Over-
beck Gr. Kunstmyth. Apollon p. 3 ff. Munztaf. 1, 1—8, G. Wentzel in Pauly—Wissowa
Real-Enc. i. 909 f., E. Reisch ib. i. 910 ff., K. Wernicke ib. ii. 41 f., De Visser De Gr.
diis non i-ef. spec. hum. p. 46 ff. § 22 ff., Sir A. J. Evans in the Journ. Hell. Stud. 1901
xxi. i73,5jGruppe Gr. Myth. Rel. pp. 77411. 4, 776 n. 1 f., 1232, Farnell Cults of Gr.
States iv. 148 ff., 307^, 371 f. coin-pl. a, 15, J. E. Harrison Themis Cambridge 1912
p. 406 ff., M. H. Swindler Cretan Elements in the Cults and Ritual of Apollo (Bryn Mawr
College Monographs: Monograph Series xiii) Bryn Mawr 1913 pp. 41 f., 74.
* Harpokr. s.v. 'A7was = Bekker anecd. i. 331, 32 f. = Souid. s.v. a7i<iai' = schol. Aid.
Aristoph. vesp. 875 = Zonar. lex. s.v. 'A7wei5s=:Favorin. lex. p. 28, 27 f. Herodian.
ii. 889, 27 ff. =Steph. Byz. s.v. dywa = Bekker anecd. i. 327, 17 f. Schol. Eur. Phoen. 631.
Eustath. in II. p. 166, 22 = Favorin. lex. p. 798, 5 f.
5 Souid. s.v. d,7wat = Zonar. lex. s.v. 'A7iuas = Favorin. lex. p. 28, 31 f. Herodian. i.
240, 21 ff. = Steph. Byz. s.v. dyvid, and schol. Aristoph. vesp. 875 use the word ofieKiakol,
which might pass muster as a rough and ready equivalent. Schol. Rav. Aristoph. thesm.
489 ''Ayvici' <b> ovtw KaXob^evos 'AttoWoju Terpdywvos was perhaps confusing the Agyieus
with a herm, cp. Ulpian in Dem. in A/id. 51 oi 8e dyvids (leg. 'AyuLas) (paai robs 'Ep/xaj
though Paus. 8. 32. 4 {infra p. 164 n. 7) describes an Apollon Agyieus at Megalopolis as
having crx^/xa rerpdyuvov (for which shape in Arkadia see sicpra i. 520 n. 2).