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https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14696#0346
Dios and Dios Njsos 281
view must—as it now seems to me—be definitely preferred to the
alternative hypothesis. If so, we have here the old Thraco-Phrygian
Dios Hellenised, as might have been expected, into a Zeus Dios.
Korte remarks that at Dorylaeion there were seven tribes named
after the Mother of the gods, Zeus, Poseidon, Sarapis, Apollon,
Aphrodite, and Augustus respectively1. But, since the tribe of Zeus
was known as Dcia-, its eponymous deity was conceivably the
Phrygian Deos rather than the Greek Zeus*. Be that as it may,
Zeus Dios was a god of Dionysiac character, for his altar is deco-
rated with grape-bunches4 and a plough3. He should therefore be
1 A. Korte in the Gott. gel. Anz. 1897 clix. 401 f.
2 /(/. ib. 400 f. no. 45 a marble base inscribed #eos r\yov. \ eUova T7]v5e o~tt)o~av
&yaK\ei,Tip IZrparovei km (pvXeraL oi Aeias ei[ecu <x7<xX\d1uei'0i. k.t.X.
:> The inference is uncertain : et may be for I as in ^TparovetKo}. But cp. the name
Aeoi'eias in the neo-Phrygian inscription no. 69, 10 f. (W. M. Calder in the Joum. Hell.
Stud. 1913 xxxiii. 98 ff. cites Aeouas from G. Perrot—E. Guillaume—J. Delbet Explora-
tion archeologique de la Galatie et de la Bithynie d^nne partie de la Mysie de la Phrygie, de
la Cappadoce et die Pout Paris 1872 i. 52).
4 Zeus is connected with the vine by an early Phrygian myth. According to Akousilaos
of Argos, one of the older logographers (c. 525 b.c.), Priamos persuaded Astyoche, wife of
Telephos, to send her son Eurypylos from Mysia to Troy by presenting her with a golden
vine (Akousilaosfrag. 27 {Frag. hist. Gr. i. 103 Mltller) ap. schol. Q.V. Od. 11. 520, cp.
schol. B.Q. Od. ii. 521). Some said that Priamos had himself made the vine (schol. Iuv. 6.
655—a notice full of confusions). But others stated that it was the golden vine which Zeus
had given to Tros in exchange for Ganymedes and that it had passed to Priamos by way
of inheritance (schol. T.V. Od. \ 1. 521, Eustath. in Od. p. 1697, 31 ff.). This version was
derived from Lesches of Lesbos (c. 660—657 b.c.), who in his Was parva frag. 6 Kinkel
ap. schol. Eur. Tro. 821 and Or. 1392 described the vine as follows : bifXTreXov, rjv KpoviSri^
eiroptv oi (so G. W. Nitzsch for ov) 7rcu56s dwoiva | xPva€LVv (xpvo~eioi<> schol. Eur. Tro. 821)
(pijWoKTLv ay avoid. (J. Barnes corr. dyavvoicriv, F. Osann cj. ay avpoiaiv, Jortin cj.
dyavoicnv, J. G. Schneider cj. lavdeai Kai or dfx avdeai Kal, J. G. J. Hermann cj. iravap-
yvptois—an amazingly stupid emendation) Ko/noucrav fioTpvai ff (j36rpvo-l schol. Eur. Or.
1392), 0O5 "H0ai<rros eTraffKYjaas Aa warpi \ 5u>x, 0 5^ (warpi dicKev, | avrdp 5 schol. Eur.
Or. 1392) Aao/j.e8ovri irbpev Tavvfxrjdeos dvri. The tree, which forms the background for
Ganymedes and the eagle in the Vatican group after Leochares (Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth.
Zeus p. 521 ff. Atlas pi. 8, 4 : bibliography in W. Helbig Fiihrer durch die offentlichen
Sammlungen klassischer Altertiimer in Rom'' Leipzig 1912 i. 249 f. no. 386, ii. 473), is
perhaps meant for this famous vine-stem. A similar tale told how Tithonos, the brother
of Priamos, was induced by the gift of a golden vine to send Memnon, his son by Heos, to
help the Trojans (Serv. in Verg. Aen. 1. 489). I take it that the golden vine belonged to the
regalia of Troy and that its presence ensured the protection of the Thraco-Phrygian Zeus.
Parallels are not wanting. Pythios son of Atys, a Lydian, gave Dareios a golden plane-
tree and vine (Hdt. 7. 27, Plin. nat. hist. 33. 137 (Pythis Bithyni), Aristeid. or. 13. 129
(i. 210 Dindorf) with schol. ad loc. p. 147, 19 ff. Dindorf, Tzetz. chil. 1. 923 ff., cp. Plout.
mul. virt. 27, Polyain. 8. 42). These no doubt became heirlooms. For the Persian kings
had a golden vine studded with gems above their couch (Chares of Mitylene frag. 10
(Script, hist. Alex. Mag. p. 117 Midler) ap. Athen. 514 e—f, Amyntas frag. 4 (Script,
hist. Alex. Mag. p. 136 Miiller) ap. Athen. 514 f), or golden planes and a golden vine
with jewels for grapes, beneath which they often sat to transact business (Phylarchos
frag. 41 (Frag. hist. Gr. i. 345 Miiller) ap. Athen. 539 d. And over the doors of Herod's
temple at Jerusalem rose a gigantic golden vine with hanging clusters (Ioseph. ant. hid. 15.
view must—as it now seems to me—be definitely preferred to the
alternative hypothesis. If so, we have here the old Thraco-Phrygian
Dios Hellenised, as might have been expected, into a Zeus Dios.
Korte remarks that at Dorylaeion there were seven tribes named
after the Mother of the gods, Zeus, Poseidon, Sarapis, Apollon,
Aphrodite, and Augustus respectively1. But, since the tribe of Zeus
was known as Dcia-, its eponymous deity was conceivably the
Phrygian Deos rather than the Greek Zeus*. Be that as it may,
Zeus Dios was a god of Dionysiac character, for his altar is deco-
rated with grape-bunches4 and a plough3. He should therefore be
1 A. Korte in the Gott. gel. Anz. 1897 clix. 401 f.
2 /(/. ib. 400 f. no. 45 a marble base inscribed #eos r\yov. \ eUova T7]v5e o~tt)o~av
&yaK\ei,Tip IZrparovei km (pvXeraL oi Aeias ei[ecu <x7<xX\d1uei'0i. k.t.X.
:> The inference is uncertain : et may be for I as in ^TparovetKo}. But cp. the name
Aeoi'eias in the neo-Phrygian inscription no. 69, 10 f. (W. M. Calder in the Joum. Hell.
Stud. 1913 xxxiii. 98 ff. cites Aeouas from G. Perrot—E. Guillaume—J. Delbet Explora-
tion archeologique de la Galatie et de la Bithynie d^nne partie de la Mysie de la Phrygie, de
la Cappadoce et die Pout Paris 1872 i. 52).
4 Zeus is connected with the vine by an early Phrygian myth. According to Akousilaos
of Argos, one of the older logographers (c. 525 b.c.), Priamos persuaded Astyoche, wife of
Telephos, to send her son Eurypylos from Mysia to Troy by presenting her with a golden
vine (Akousilaosfrag. 27 {Frag. hist. Gr. i. 103 Mltller) ap. schol. Q.V. Od. 11. 520, cp.
schol. B.Q. Od. ii. 521). Some said that Priamos had himself made the vine (schol. Iuv. 6.
655—a notice full of confusions). But others stated that it was the golden vine which Zeus
had given to Tros in exchange for Ganymedes and that it had passed to Priamos by way
of inheritance (schol. T.V. Od. \ 1. 521, Eustath. in Od. p. 1697, 31 ff.). This version was
derived from Lesches of Lesbos (c. 660—657 b.c.), who in his Was parva frag. 6 Kinkel
ap. schol. Eur. Tro. 821 and Or. 1392 described the vine as follows : bifXTreXov, rjv KpoviSri^
eiroptv oi (so G. W. Nitzsch for ov) 7rcu56s dwoiva | xPva€LVv (xpvo~eioi<> schol. Eur. Tro. 821)
(pijWoKTLv ay avoid. (J. Barnes corr. dyavvoicriv, F. Osann cj. ay avpoiaiv, Jortin cj.
dyavoicnv, J. G. Schneider cj. lavdeai Kai or dfx avdeai Kal, J. G. J. Hermann cj. iravap-
yvptois—an amazingly stupid emendation) Ko/noucrav fioTpvai ff (j36rpvo-l schol. Eur. Or.
1392), 0O5 "H0ai<rros eTraffKYjaas Aa warpi \ 5u>x, 0 5^ (warpi dicKev, | avrdp 5 schol. Eur.
Or. 1392) Aao/j.e8ovri irbpev Tavvfxrjdeos dvri. The tree, which forms the background for
Ganymedes and the eagle in the Vatican group after Leochares (Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth.
Zeus p. 521 ff. Atlas pi. 8, 4 : bibliography in W. Helbig Fiihrer durch die offentlichen
Sammlungen klassischer Altertiimer in Rom'' Leipzig 1912 i. 249 f. no. 386, ii. 473), is
perhaps meant for this famous vine-stem. A similar tale told how Tithonos, the brother
of Priamos, was induced by the gift of a golden vine to send Memnon, his son by Heos, to
help the Trojans (Serv. in Verg. Aen. 1. 489). I take it that the golden vine belonged to the
regalia of Troy and that its presence ensured the protection of the Thraco-Phrygian Zeus.
Parallels are not wanting. Pythios son of Atys, a Lydian, gave Dareios a golden plane-
tree and vine (Hdt. 7. 27, Plin. nat. hist. 33. 137 (Pythis Bithyni), Aristeid. or. 13. 129
(i. 210 Dindorf) with schol. ad loc. p. 147, 19 ff. Dindorf, Tzetz. chil. 1. 923 ff., cp. Plout.
mul. virt. 27, Polyain. 8. 42). These no doubt became heirlooms. For the Persian kings
had a golden vine studded with gems above their couch (Chares of Mitylene frag. 10
(Script, hist. Alex. Mag. p. 117 Midler) ap. Athen. 514 e—f, Amyntas frag. 4 (Script,
hist. Alex. Mag. p. 136 Miiller) ap. Athen. 514 f), or golden planes and a golden vine
with jewels for grapes, beneath which they often sat to transact business (Phylarchos
frag. 41 (Frag. hist. Gr. i. 345 Miiller) ap. Athen. 539 d. And over the doors of Herod's
temple at Jerusalem rose a gigantic golden vine with hanging clusters (Ioseph. ant. hid. 15.