DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14696#0565
Apollon and Artemis
493
his argument aright) that Apollon was a term borrowed by the
Greeks from some Teutonic tongue which, like Gothic, represented
the original b of the Indo-Europaean *abela-, *ab/u-1 by a p. But,
since Apollon is well-known to Homer, this involves the assumption
that the change of Indo-Europaean b to Teutonic p took place at a
very much earlier date (c. 1200—1300 B.C.) than is commonly
supposed (c. 200—300 B.C.). At that remote epoch we should
expect to find the Greeks in contact with Thracians or Illyrians
rather than with Teutons. And who can assure us that Illyrians
or Thracians pronounced ' apple' with a p ? So for the present
Dr Rendel Harris' attractive hypothesis must remain hypothetical.
Be that as it may, the extract cited above from Apollonios of
Rhodes brings us back to the Hyperboreans again. Apollon (said
the Keltoi), when banished by Zeus from heaven, was sent—not to
Admetos king of Thessaly—but to the Hyperboreans. Once more
we are led to suspect that the Hyperborean land lay well to the
north of Greece. And the context implies that it was located at
some point on the Amber Road2. Already in neolithic times one
published a specimen in the Bibliotheque Nationale, struck by Caracalla, which shows
the trees surmounted by two birds.
[(7) Coppers of Olbia, struck probably in i a.d. have obv. OA B I OTTO Bust of
Apollon to right ; rev. A AA OC CATY (i.e. Ad5os Harvpov the drchon) Nude Apollon,
who stands facing us with a kdlathos on his head, a bow and arrow in his left hand, and
a round object in his right (B. Pick in the Jahrb. d. kais. deutsch. arch. lust. 1898 xiii.
172 f. pi. 10, 31, Miss G. M. Hirst in the Jonrii. Hell. Stud. 1902 xxii. 253 if. fig. 2,
E. H. Minns Scythians and Greeks Cambridge 1913 pp. 473, 477 pi. 3, 16, A. von Sallet
lit Ant. Miinz. Berlin Taurische Chersonesus, etc. i. 27 no. 124). As to the nature of the
round object B. Pick loc. cit. suggests ' ein Salbgefass...oder ein Granatapfel' and cp. the
archaic statuette of Apollon from Naxos, now in the Berlin Museum (M. Frankel in
the Arch. Zeit. 1879 xxxvh. 84 ff. pi. 7 'Salbgefass,' E. Curtius ib. p. 97 'Granatapfel,'
A. Furtwangler in Roscher Lex. Myth. i. 451 f. fig. 'ein kleines kugeliges henkelloses
Gefass,' Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth. Apollon p. 35 ff. fig- 8 ' Salbgefass,' id. Gr. Plastik*
i. 245 f. fig. 65, 2 ' Salbgefass '), together with a tetradrachm struck at Sinope in s. iii b.c.
(F. Imhoof-Hlumer in the Zeitschr.f. Num. 1897 xx. 272 f. no. r pi. 10, 6, Waddington—
Babelon—Reinach Monu. gr. d\4s. Min. i. 192 pi. 25, 32, Head Hist, num? p. 508) ;
but A. von Sallet loc. cit. says 'in der R. Schale' and E. H. Minns op. cit. pi. 3, 16
speaks of 'bow and patera (?).']
1 Schrader Keallex."1 p. 53.
2 On the various routes by which amber from the north reached the south of Europe
see J. N. von Sadowski Die Handelsstrassen der Griechen und Romer durch das Fluss-
gebiet der Oder, PVeichsel, des Dniepr und Niemen an die Gestade des Baltischen Meeres
Aus dem Polnischen von A. Kohn Jena 1877, H. Genthe ' Ueber die Beziehungen der
Griechen und Romer zum Balticum' in the Verh. d. 36. Philologenversanuul. in Karls-
ruhe 1882 pp. 17—31, F. Waldmann Der Bernstein im Altertum (Separatabdruck aus dem
Programm des livl. Landesgymnasiums flir das Jahr 1882) Fellin 1883 (pp. 37—67 'Von
dem Bernsteinhandel, dessen Betrieb, Ausbreitung und Strassen im Altertum,' p. 85 f.
' Bernsteinfunde an den Handelsstrassen '), O. Olshausen ' tiber den alten Bernsteinhandel
der cimbrischen Halbinsel und seine Beziehungen zu den Goldfunden ' in the Zeitschrift
fiir Ethnologie 1890 xxii Verhandlungen p. 270 ff., id. 'tiber den alten Bernsteinhandel
493
his argument aright) that Apollon was a term borrowed by the
Greeks from some Teutonic tongue which, like Gothic, represented
the original b of the Indo-Europaean *abela-, *ab/u-1 by a p. But,
since Apollon is well-known to Homer, this involves the assumption
that the change of Indo-Europaean b to Teutonic p took place at a
very much earlier date (c. 1200—1300 B.C.) than is commonly
supposed (c. 200—300 B.C.). At that remote epoch we should
expect to find the Greeks in contact with Thracians or Illyrians
rather than with Teutons. And who can assure us that Illyrians
or Thracians pronounced ' apple' with a p ? So for the present
Dr Rendel Harris' attractive hypothesis must remain hypothetical.
Be that as it may, the extract cited above from Apollonios of
Rhodes brings us back to the Hyperboreans again. Apollon (said
the Keltoi), when banished by Zeus from heaven, was sent—not to
Admetos king of Thessaly—but to the Hyperboreans. Once more
we are led to suspect that the Hyperborean land lay well to the
north of Greece. And the context implies that it was located at
some point on the Amber Road2. Already in neolithic times one
published a specimen in the Bibliotheque Nationale, struck by Caracalla, which shows
the trees surmounted by two birds.
[(7) Coppers of Olbia, struck probably in i a.d. have obv. OA B I OTTO Bust of
Apollon to right ; rev. A AA OC CATY (i.e. Ad5os Harvpov the drchon) Nude Apollon,
who stands facing us with a kdlathos on his head, a bow and arrow in his left hand, and
a round object in his right (B. Pick in the Jahrb. d. kais. deutsch. arch. lust. 1898 xiii.
172 f. pi. 10, 31, Miss G. M. Hirst in the Jonrii. Hell. Stud. 1902 xxii. 253 if. fig. 2,
E. H. Minns Scythians and Greeks Cambridge 1913 pp. 473, 477 pi. 3, 16, A. von Sallet
lit Ant. Miinz. Berlin Taurische Chersonesus, etc. i. 27 no. 124). As to the nature of the
round object B. Pick loc. cit. suggests ' ein Salbgefass...oder ein Granatapfel' and cp. the
archaic statuette of Apollon from Naxos, now in the Berlin Museum (M. Frankel in
the Arch. Zeit. 1879 xxxvh. 84 ff. pi. 7 'Salbgefass,' E. Curtius ib. p. 97 'Granatapfel,'
A. Furtwangler in Roscher Lex. Myth. i. 451 f. fig. 'ein kleines kugeliges henkelloses
Gefass,' Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth. Apollon p. 35 ff. fig- 8 ' Salbgefass,' id. Gr. Plastik*
i. 245 f. fig. 65, 2 ' Salbgefass '), together with a tetradrachm struck at Sinope in s. iii b.c.
(F. Imhoof-Hlumer in the Zeitschr.f. Num. 1897 xx. 272 f. no. r pi. 10, 6, Waddington—
Babelon—Reinach Monu. gr. d\4s. Min. i. 192 pi. 25, 32, Head Hist, num? p. 508) ;
but A. von Sallet loc. cit. says 'in der R. Schale' and E. H. Minns op. cit. pi. 3, 16
speaks of 'bow and patera (?).']
1 Schrader Keallex."1 p. 53.
2 On the various routes by which amber from the north reached the south of Europe
see J. N. von Sadowski Die Handelsstrassen der Griechen und Romer durch das Fluss-
gebiet der Oder, PVeichsel, des Dniepr und Niemen an die Gestade des Baltischen Meeres
Aus dem Polnischen von A. Kohn Jena 1877, H. Genthe ' Ueber die Beziehungen der
Griechen und Romer zum Balticum' in the Verh. d. 36. Philologenversanuul. in Karls-
ruhe 1882 pp. 17—31, F. Waldmann Der Bernstein im Altertum (Separatabdruck aus dem
Programm des livl. Landesgymnasiums flir das Jahr 1882) Fellin 1883 (pp. 37—67 'Von
dem Bernsteinhandel, dessen Betrieb, Ausbreitung und Strassen im Altertum,' p. 85 f.
' Bernsteinfunde an den Handelsstrassen '), O. Olshausen ' tiber den alten Bernsteinhandel
der cimbrischen Halbinsel und seine Beziehungen zu den Goldfunden ' in the Zeitschrift
fiir Ethnologie 1890 xxii Verhandlungen p. 270 ff., id. 'tiber den alten Bernsteinhandel