Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1925)

570 The double axe and Zeus Labrdyndos

*Bozis and Basis would denote ' the estate of the god' ; and with
them might be ranked the Lydian Bdgis, a town in the Kata-
kekaumene1. Further, the epithet of Apollon Bozenos appears to

be comparable with that of Zeus
Abozenos in an inscription from
Nakoleia2, if not also with that
of Zeus Bozios on copper coins
of Hierapolis (fig. 46s)3. If
Apollon Bozenos possibly hails
from Tyana, Apollon Tarseus
certainly hails from Tarsos on the opposite side of Mount
Tauros. Here the god is known to have had a sacred weapon
of some sort. Dion Chrysostomos at the outset of his First
Tarsian Oration mentions, among subjects likely to appeal to the
patriotic pride of his audience, ' Apollon's trident4.' But Plutarch,
his contemporary, speaks of 'the sacred sword of Apollon at Tarsos,'

Gottingae 1843 P- 567 would restore c5 Ba7<xte MafeO or <2 BayaTe ird Zev in Aisch. suppl.
892 Dindorf (supra p. 293 n. 4).

Fick's derivation of Baya?os is supported by F. Solmsen in the Zeitschrift fiir ver-
gleichende Sprachforschting 1895 xxxiv. 49 ('dass Baycuos auf entlehnung aus dem apers.
baga beruht'), O. Wiedemann in the Beitrdge zur kunde der indogermanischcn sprachen
1904 xxviii. 12 f., Walde Lat. etym. Worterb." p. 267 (who, however, abandons 'Die alte
Yerbindung mit (payeTv').

A. Torp 'Ba.7<xtos' in the Indogermanische Forschimgen 1895 v. 193 f., P. Kretschmer
Einleittmg in die Geschichte der griechischen Sprache Gdttingen 1896 p. 81 {supra i. 400
n. 1), Prellwitz Etym. Worterb. d. Gr. Sp?-.2 p. 486, K. Brugmann Grundriss der ver-
gleichenden Grammatik der indogermanischen Sprachen- Strassburg 1897 i. 168 advocate
the rival connexion of Bayaios with (prjyds, Doric cpayos, 'oak,' Latin fagus, Anglo-Saxon
hoc, ' beech,' etc. If so, cp. the Celtic divinities mentioned in inscriptions of the Allobroges:
Corp. inscr. Lat. xii no. 2383 = Dessau Inscr. Lat. set. no. 4620 (an altar found at Morestel)
Iovi I Baginati j Corinthus | Nigidi | Aeliani | ex vot., Dessau Inscr. Lat. set. no 4669
(found at Tarendel near Bellecombe) Felix Sme|ri f. Bagino | et Baginajtiabus | [v.Js.l.m.
That these too were oak-deities may be inferred from Max. Tyr. diss. 8. 8 Dubner KeXroi
aefiovai Ala, dya\p.a 5e Aids KeXtikov v^yXri dpvs (see further Class. Rev. 1904 xviii.
79, Folk-lore 1904 xv. 296, and especially ib. 1906 xvii. 53).

1 Hierokles avveKdri/ios p. 671, 1 Wesseling, p. 21 Burckhardt. See further B. V. Head
in the Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Lydia p. xxxviiiff., 30 ff. pi. 4, 5 —11, pi. 41, 1.

2 G. Radet and H. Ouvre in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1896 xx. 109 no. 4 (a stile, the
upper part of which showed a wreath) * hv§pwv Teip.o\d£ov Ba(3aeiT\ris inrep t&v ISi\uv Ail
'A/3o^rjv\Q evxyv- On the possible sites of Babai and Abozena see G. Radet in the Archives
des Missions Scientifiques 1894 vi. 441 f.; and on the equation of 'Afioftvbs with Bofavos,
P. Kretschmer op. cit. p. 199 n. 1, Gruppe Gr. Myth. Bel. p. 1096 n. t.

3 Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Phrygia pp. lxix, 234 pi. 30, 2 (=my fig. 465) of s. ii A.D.

BfiXIOC, Imhoof-Blumer Monn. gr. p. 401 no. 106 a. S6VC BOSIOC See
also Rasche Lex. Nu7n. i. 1580, xi. 1254, Head Hist. Num.11 p. 676.

4 Dion Chrys. or. 33 p. 1 f. Reiske rj riva 'iiraivov vtt avr&v (L. Dindorf has Kad' clvtwv)
aKovcreirdai olb/ievoi Kal 5rnj,b<Tiov v/jlvov rrjs irbXews, irep'i re Ilepaeias Kal 'HpaKXtovs Kal tov
' AttoXXwvos rrjs rpialvrjs Kal wept xp^c/xwj' twv yevop.£vwv, Kal us iare "EXX^ves Kal'Apyeioi
Kal 'in peXriovs, Kal dpx^yovs ?Xere ypwas Ka' yfuOtovs, fiaXXov 5e Tirdvas.