DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14696#0660
586 The double axe and Zeus Labrdyndos
Labradyndos(?)\ Labratyndos", Labrdindos (?)3, Labrdendos*, Ldbreu-
dos5, Ldbrandos (?)6, Labrandeus'1', Labradeus*, Labrandenos^—and
has drawn the obvious conclusion that Carian vocalisation was
incommensurable with Greek spelling. Since the nd-suffix is found,
not only in the names of places, but also sometimes in those of
persons, Kretschmer10 further conjectures that an axe-god Labrayn-
dos gave his name to the sanctuary Labraynda and subsequently
received from the sanctuary his appellative Labrandeus etc. That
is, no doubt, a thinkable sequence of events. But it is simpler to
suppose that Ldbranda was called 'the place of the Double Axe'
because repeatedly struck by lightning11, the god being named from
the spot, not the spot from the god.
This would square well with J. Schaefer's12 surmise that originally
the double axe alone was the object here worshipped. If so, the
Carian cult must have been near akin to the Cretan. In which con-
nexion we should observe that the Mylasians of the first century B.C.
1 Lebas—Waddington Asie Mineure no. 348, 4 f. /cat tov Atos tov \ AafipaavvSov. But
A. Hauvette-Besnault—M. Dubois in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1881 v. 98 ff. no. 2, 10 f.
read koX rod Atos tov | AafipavvSov: supra p. 578 n. 4 no. (3).
2 Lebas—Waddington Asie Mineure no. 338 (an inscription of s. i B.C., found at
Olymos, recording the sale of land by a certain Polites to the trustees of the sacred
domain of Apollon and Artemis), 17 /cat t\ iepd yf/ 'AttoWwvos /cat 'Aprifiidos deQv Srj/xov
'OAivxewf /cat 77 tepa yrj Atos AafipawvSov [---]. Corp. inscr. Gr. ii no. 2693 (inexact) -
Lebas—Waddington Asie Mineure no. 399 (decree in honour of Ouliades, found at
Mylasa), 20 [---] irpoeo-Tr) kotos tov iepov tov eX Aafipa'Cvu5w[i] tov | [---]. Cp. W. Judeich
in the Ath. Mitth. 1890 xv. 261 f. no. 15 (Mylasa), 4 ~Nlawj>irr)s but 8 ~SlaivvvLT7)s.
3 AafipdivSos is inferred from the existence of Aafipa'CvSLs as a woman's name at
Stratonikeia {Corp. inscr. Gr. ii. 1108 no. 2731 b, 2 = Lebas—Waddington Asie Mineure
no. 531, 2 KXat'Stas Aa/3/3atV5toos).
4 E. Hula—E. Szanto in the Sitzungsber. d. kais. Akad. d. IViss. in Wien Phil.-hist.
Classe 1895 cxxxii. 2. 13 no. 4 (fragment of a decree in Doric dialect found at Mylasa),
14 [A]afipaeu8o[v~\.
5 W. Judeich in the Ath. Mitth. 1890 xv. 259 no. 10 (a small altar of grey-blue
marble found at Mylasa) Atos Aa.fipevdov in lettering of s. ii B.C. beneath and about the
representation of a double axe.
6 Adfipavdos is inferred from et. mag. p. 389, 57 quoted infra p. 587 n. 2.
' Ail. de nat. an. 12. 30 /cat iv tiS iepqi Si tov AafipavSeus Atos k.t.X. and Zet)s Si
AafipavSeiis k.t.\. (infra p. 590 n. 3). AafipavSeus as an ethnic is found in Lebas—
Waddington Asie Mineure no. 334 (Olymos), 2 f. Aa/3pay|[5ets], 7 f. A[a]j[^pafoets] and in
Steph. Byz. s.v. AdfipavSa- ...AafipavSn]vbs /cat AafipavSios /cat AafipavSevs. P. Foucart in
the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1887 xi. 84 f. no. 4 (Sari-Tsam), 1 AafipavTiSrjs, 8 AafipavTiSai.
8 Plout. qicaestt. Gr. 45 (supra p. 559 f.).
9 Strab. 659 (supra p. 576). AafipavS-qvbs as an ethnic occurs in Steph. Byz. s.v.
AdfipavSa (supra n. 7).
10 P. Kretschmer Einleitung in die Geschichte der Griechischen Sprache Gottingen
1896 p. 304 f.
11 Theophr. frag. 159 Wimmer (supra p. 581).
12 J. Schaefer De love apud Cares culto (Disseriationes philologicae Halenses xx. 4)
Halis Saxonum 1912 p. '355 f.
Labradyndos(?)\ Labratyndos", Labrdindos (?)3, Labrdendos*, Ldbreu-
dos5, Ldbrandos (?)6, Labrandeus'1', Labradeus*, Labrandenos^—and
has drawn the obvious conclusion that Carian vocalisation was
incommensurable with Greek spelling. Since the nd-suffix is found,
not only in the names of places, but also sometimes in those of
persons, Kretschmer10 further conjectures that an axe-god Labrayn-
dos gave his name to the sanctuary Labraynda and subsequently
received from the sanctuary his appellative Labrandeus etc. That
is, no doubt, a thinkable sequence of events. But it is simpler to
suppose that Ldbranda was called 'the place of the Double Axe'
because repeatedly struck by lightning11, the god being named from
the spot, not the spot from the god.
This would square well with J. Schaefer's12 surmise that originally
the double axe alone was the object here worshipped. If so, the
Carian cult must have been near akin to the Cretan. In which con-
nexion we should observe that the Mylasians of the first century B.C.
1 Lebas—Waddington Asie Mineure no. 348, 4 f. /cat tov Atos tov \ AafipaavvSov. But
A. Hauvette-Besnault—M. Dubois in the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1881 v. 98 ff. no. 2, 10 f.
read koX rod Atos tov | AafipavvSov: supra p. 578 n. 4 no. (3).
2 Lebas—Waddington Asie Mineure no. 338 (an inscription of s. i B.C., found at
Olymos, recording the sale of land by a certain Polites to the trustees of the sacred
domain of Apollon and Artemis), 17 /cat t\ iepd yf/ 'AttoWwvos /cat 'Aprifiidos deQv Srj/xov
'OAivxewf /cat 77 tepa yrj Atos AafipawvSov [---]. Corp. inscr. Gr. ii no. 2693 (inexact) -
Lebas—Waddington Asie Mineure no. 399 (decree in honour of Ouliades, found at
Mylasa), 20 [---] irpoeo-Tr) kotos tov iepov tov eX Aafipa'Cvu5w[i] tov | [---]. Cp. W. Judeich
in the Ath. Mitth. 1890 xv. 261 f. no. 15 (Mylasa), 4 ~Nlawj>irr)s but 8 ~SlaivvvLT7)s.
3 AafipdivSos is inferred from the existence of Aafipa'CvSLs as a woman's name at
Stratonikeia {Corp. inscr. Gr. ii. 1108 no. 2731 b, 2 = Lebas—Waddington Asie Mineure
no. 531, 2 KXat'Stas Aa/3/3atV5toos).
4 E. Hula—E. Szanto in the Sitzungsber. d. kais. Akad. d. IViss. in Wien Phil.-hist.
Classe 1895 cxxxii. 2. 13 no. 4 (fragment of a decree in Doric dialect found at Mylasa),
14 [A]afipaeu8o[v~\.
5 W. Judeich in the Ath. Mitth. 1890 xv. 259 no. 10 (a small altar of grey-blue
marble found at Mylasa) Atos Aa.fipevdov in lettering of s. ii B.C. beneath and about the
representation of a double axe.
6 Adfipavdos is inferred from et. mag. p. 389, 57 quoted infra p. 587 n. 2.
' Ail. de nat. an. 12. 30 /cat iv tiS iepqi Si tov AafipavSeus Atos k.t.X. and Zet)s Si
AafipavSeiis k.t.\. (infra p. 590 n. 3). AafipavSeus as an ethnic is found in Lebas—
Waddington Asie Mineure no. 334 (Olymos), 2 f. Aa/3pay|[5ets], 7 f. A[a]j[^pafoets] and in
Steph. Byz. s.v. AdfipavSa- ...AafipavSn]vbs /cat AafipavSios /cat AafipavSevs. P. Foucart in
the Bull. Corr. Hell. 1887 xi. 84 f. no. 4 (Sari-Tsam), 1 AafipavTiSrjs, 8 AafipavTiSai.
8 Plout. qicaestt. Gr. 45 (supra p. 559 f.).
9 Strab. 659 (supra p. 576). AafipavS-qvbs as an ethnic occurs in Steph. Byz. s.v.
AdfipavSa (supra n. 7).
10 P. Kretschmer Einleitung in die Geschichte der Griechischen Sprache Gottingen
1896 p. 304 f.
11 Theophr. frag. 159 Wimmer (supra p. 581).
12 J. Schaefer De love apud Cares culto (Disseriationes philologicae Halenses xx. 4)
Halis Saxonum 1912 p. '355 f.