DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.14696#0804
728 Gradual elimination of the thunderbolt
21 f. Hilgard) "/cat XWPLS T°v Af," oirep dirb tov Aia yeyove Kara atroKoir-qv, oirep /cat fierd
rod vrj eiripprj/j.a.TOS ylverai vrj At'a, ib. rbvos rr/s at'rtart/c^s ru>v eviKi2v (i. 382, 8 ff. Hilgard)
TrpoaKeiTCU "avrrj kol6' eavrrjv odcra" 5ta to vij At'a" avrrj yap rj atrtart/cij yiverai Kara
diroKOirrjv vrj At", /cat idov eiri dpaevLKiov ovojidriov eupiV/cerat atrtart/CT? LLovoauXXafios jxrj Xf)-
yovaa ei's v, Xeyw 5rj to vr] At'- dXX' ovk dirt'/cetrat rjjxiv, eireidi] oi>x evpLaxerai avrrj icad'
eavr-qv d\X' ev avvrd^ei, Phot. lex. vrj At /cat vrj Aia e/carepws. In Aristoph. eccl. 778 f.
Xa/j.(3dveiv \ rjp.a% jxbvov del vrj Ata • /cat yap oi Oeoi cod. R has vrj 51' (sic). Dindorf here and
in Aristoph. eg. 319 would restore vrj At. F. Blass in R. Kiihner Ausfiihrliche Grammatik
dergriechischen Sprache3 Hannover 1890 i. 177 approves the restoration. But the usage
is at best doubtful). The elliptical vrj rbv—, /.id rbv— (Stephanus Thes. Gr. Ling. v.
1480 B, v. 478 B—c) are, sometimes at least, to be filled out with At'a (cp. Aristoph. Ach.
730 vai rbv <pLXiov with F. H. M. Blaydes ad loc).
The public, as compared with the private, oath called for greater solemnity (A. Martin
Quomodo Grceci ac peculiariter Athenienses fxdera publico, jurejurando sanxerint Paris
1886). Accordingly, we seldom find a public oath by Zeus pure and simple (R. Heberdey
in the Jahresh. d. oest. arch. Inst. 1899 ii Beiblatt p. 48 ff. publishes an archaic inscription
from Ephesos ey/xaprvprjaaL eiri tols 5i| Kafoaiv, 6/j.vvvra KairpcoL t\\b(v]\ TiTjva eyfiaprvpev •
rbv 8e K\d[ir~\pov irapex^v, 6 dv to irprjx\[)xa . . . .]/c\e, ot Si/cdfotres | /c.r.X.).
More often in such a case Zeus was defined by the use of a cult-epithet (e.g. (1) Zeus
'OXv/xirios in a fifth-century rhetra of Elis (W. Dittenberger and K. Purgold in Oly?npia
v. 39 ff. no. 16, 11 f. = Roehl Inscr. Gr. ant. no. 119, 11 f., id. Imagines insc7-iptionum
Grcecarum antiquissimarum3 Berolini 1907 p. 116 no. 16, 11 f. =F. Blass in Collitz—
Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr. i. 318 ff. no. 1151, 11 f. = Roberts Gk. Epigr. i. 295 f. no. 298,
11 f. with Append, p. 370 ff. ojxbaavres tto(t) tov debv rbv '0\vv\[tti.ov]. (2) Zeus 'Zwrrjp in
a third-century decree of Kalaureia (Michel Recueil d'Inscr. gr. no. 178, 28 f. = Ditten-
berger Syll. inscr. Gr? no. 578, 20 f. = Inscr. Gr. Pelop. i no. 841, 30 f. /cat itoto/xoo-ovvtl
tov Ala tov 2ja>t?7/5a). (3) Zeus <£pdrptos in a fourth-century enactment of the Attic phratry
Demotionidai (Corp. inscr. Att. iv. 2 no. 841/?, inf. =Michel op. cit. no. 961 B, 53 f.
= Dittenberger op. cit? no. 439, 111 f. dXrjQrj ravra vrj rbv At'a rbv 3>p&Tpio\v, cp. ib. 1 Aids
Qparpio, 15 ff. dtabiKacrai irepi avruiv rbs <ppdrep\as aun'/ca /xdXa, viroo-x0^1'0^ irpbs to A[i6s
to Qparpio, (pipovras ttjv \p?j<pov dir\b to f3ufj.o, 22 ff. 6(pe\iXe'Tco e/carw dpaxp^ds iepds ran Alt
t\lol <&parpiioi (so 39 f, 48 ff., 54 ff., 90 ff., 99 f), 74 /cat eirojxvvvras rbv Aia tov QpdrpLov).
The appeal might be reinforced by the addition of other names appropriate to the place
or occasion (e.g. (1) J. R. S. Sterrett 'Inscriptions of Assos' in Papers of the American
School of Classical Studies at Athens 1882—1883 i. 50 ff. no. 26, 18 ff. with pi. (a bronze
tablet recording a decree of Assos passed on the accession of Caligula in 37 A.D.) op/cos
'Acrcrtcoc. | o/xw/xev Aia ~Liorripa /cat debv Kat'crapa ^efiaffTov (sc. Octavianus) /cat rrjv \ irdrpiov
ayvrjv Hapdevov (sc. Athena Polids) evvorjceiv k.t.X. = Dittenberger Syll. inscr. Gr? no. 364,
18 ff. (2) Dittenberger op. cit.2 no. 234, 22 ff. = Michel Recueil if Inscr.gr. no. 187, 22 ff.
= Inscr. Gr. Arc. Lac. Mess, ii no. 419, 22 ff. (a decree of the Messenians c. 240B.C.)
[6'p/c]|[os ~Mecraaviwv ' o/xcjuw Ata 'lOw/xdrav, "Hpa[v.....] | [..............]ov /cat 6eu>s
6p/cf[ws irdvras rj] \ [fxdv k.t.X.]. Cp. the oath of Demaratos in Hdt. 6. 67 f. 'idve tu Ati
(3ovv diiaas Se rrjv jx-qrepa e/cdXecre. diriKOfxevrj de rrj fxrjTpl effdeU is rds %etpas ot tCiv
cnrXdyxvoJV KaTLKereve Xeycov roidde • " cij fj-f/rep, deuiv ere tuiv re dXXwv KaranTOfxevos 'iKerevoj
/cat tou 'EpKetov Atos rovde, <ppdo~ai lloi Tijv d\rj9rjirjv," k.t.X.).
When several powers are invoked, the name of Zeus normally heads the list—a pre-
cedence dating back to epic times (//. 19. 258= Od. 19. 303 t'trrw vvv Zeus irpQra, dewv
viraros /cat apicrTOS, Od. 14. 158=17. 155 = 20. 230 ttrrw vvv Zeus wpwra dewv). Homer,
sometimes content with the witness of Zeus alone (//. 7. 411 6'p/cta Se Zet)s tcrrw, epLybovivos
7r6o"ts"Hp77S, 10. 328 iffTco vvv Zeus avros, epiySoviros rrbais "Hprjs), more often associates
with him either the domestic sanctities of the hearth (Od. 19. 303 f.) and table (Od. 14.
158 f. = 17. 155^ = 20. 230 f.) or a variety of cosmic and chthonic divinities (//. 3. 276 ff.
ZeO irdrep, "Idrjdev fxefewv, /ct/Stcrre, /xiyLare, \ 'HeXt6s 0', 8s wdvr i(popq.s /cat irdvr eira-
Koveis, I /cat rrorap.ol /cat yaia /cat ol virevepde Kajxbvras j dvdpdoirovs rlvvaQov, oris k eirlop-
kov o/jLoaffy, I u/xets jxaprvpoi 'iffre, <pvXdo~o~eTe 8' bpKia Triard, 19. 258 ff. Io~tw vvv Zevs
21 f. Hilgard) "/cat XWPLS T°v Af," oirep dirb tov Aia yeyove Kara atroKoir-qv, oirep /cat fierd
rod vrj eiripprj/j.a.TOS ylverai vrj At'a, ib. rbvos rr/s at'rtart/c^s ru>v eviKi2v (i. 382, 8 ff. Hilgard)
TrpoaKeiTCU "avrrj kol6' eavrrjv odcra" 5ta to vij At'a" avrrj yap rj atrtart/cij yiverai Kara
diroKOirrjv vrj At", /cat idov eiri dpaevLKiov ovojidriov eupiV/cerat atrtart/CT? LLovoauXXafios jxrj Xf)-
yovaa ei's v, Xeyw 5rj to vr] At'- dXX' ovk dirt'/cetrat rjjxiv, eireidi] oi>x evpLaxerai avrrj icad'
eavr-qv d\X' ev avvrd^ei, Phot. lex. vrj At /cat vrj Aia e/carepws. In Aristoph. eccl. 778 f.
Xa/j.(3dveiv \ rjp.a% jxbvov del vrj Ata • /cat yap oi Oeoi cod. R has vrj 51' (sic). Dindorf here and
in Aristoph. eg. 319 would restore vrj At. F. Blass in R. Kiihner Ausfiihrliche Grammatik
dergriechischen Sprache3 Hannover 1890 i. 177 approves the restoration. But the usage
is at best doubtful). The elliptical vrj rbv—, /.id rbv— (Stephanus Thes. Gr. Ling. v.
1480 B, v. 478 B—c) are, sometimes at least, to be filled out with At'a (cp. Aristoph. Ach.
730 vai rbv <pLXiov with F. H. M. Blaydes ad loc).
The public, as compared with the private, oath called for greater solemnity (A. Martin
Quomodo Grceci ac peculiariter Athenienses fxdera publico, jurejurando sanxerint Paris
1886). Accordingly, we seldom find a public oath by Zeus pure and simple (R. Heberdey
in the Jahresh. d. oest. arch. Inst. 1899 ii Beiblatt p. 48 ff. publishes an archaic inscription
from Ephesos ey/xaprvprjaaL eiri tols 5i| Kafoaiv, 6/j.vvvra KairpcoL t\\b(v]\ TiTjva eyfiaprvpev •
rbv 8e K\d[ir~\pov irapex^v, 6 dv to irprjx\[)xa . . . .]/c\e, ot Si/cdfotres | /c.r.X.).
More often in such a case Zeus was defined by the use of a cult-epithet (e.g. (1) Zeus
'OXv/xirios in a fifth-century rhetra of Elis (W. Dittenberger and K. Purgold in Oly?npia
v. 39 ff. no. 16, 11 f. = Roehl Inscr. Gr. ant. no. 119, 11 f., id. Imagines insc7-iptionum
Grcecarum antiquissimarum3 Berolini 1907 p. 116 no. 16, 11 f. =F. Blass in Collitz—
Bechtel Gr. Dial.-Inschr. i. 318 ff. no. 1151, 11 f. = Roberts Gk. Epigr. i. 295 f. no. 298,
11 f. with Append, p. 370 ff. ojxbaavres tto(t) tov debv rbv '0\vv\[tti.ov]. (2) Zeus 'Zwrrjp in
a third-century decree of Kalaureia (Michel Recueil d'Inscr. gr. no. 178, 28 f. = Ditten-
berger Syll. inscr. Gr? no. 578, 20 f. = Inscr. Gr. Pelop. i no. 841, 30 f. /cat itoto/xoo-ovvtl
tov Ala tov 2ja>t?7/5a). (3) Zeus <£pdrptos in a fourth-century enactment of the Attic phratry
Demotionidai (Corp. inscr. Att. iv. 2 no. 841/?, inf. =Michel op. cit. no. 961 B, 53 f.
= Dittenberger op. cit? no. 439, 111 f. dXrjQrj ravra vrj rbv At'a rbv 3>p&Tpio\v, cp. ib. 1 Aids
Qparpio, 15 ff. dtabiKacrai irepi avruiv rbs <ppdrep\as aun'/ca /xdXa, viroo-x0^1'0^ irpbs to A[i6s
to Qparpio, (pipovras ttjv \p?j<pov dir\b to f3ufj.o, 22 ff. 6(pe\iXe'Tco e/carw dpaxp^ds iepds ran Alt
t\lol <&parpiioi (so 39 f, 48 ff., 54 ff., 90 ff., 99 f), 74 /cat eirojxvvvras rbv Aia tov QpdrpLov).
The appeal might be reinforced by the addition of other names appropriate to the place
or occasion (e.g. (1) J. R. S. Sterrett 'Inscriptions of Assos' in Papers of the American
School of Classical Studies at Athens 1882—1883 i. 50 ff. no. 26, 18 ff. with pi. (a bronze
tablet recording a decree of Assos passed on the accession of Caligula in 37 A.D.) op/cos
'Acrcrtcoc. | o/xw/xev Aia ~Liorripa /cat debv Kat'crapa ^efiaffTov (sc. Octavianus) /cat rrjv \ irdrpiov
ayvrjv Hapdevov (sc. Athena Polids) evvorjceiv k.t.X. = Dittenberger Syll. inscr. Gr? no. 364,
18 ff. (2) Dittenberger op. cit.2 no. 234, 22 ff. = Michel Recueil if Inscr.gr. no. 187, 22 ff.
= Inscr. Gr. Arc. Lac. Mess, ii no. 419, 22 ff. (a decree of the Messenians c. 240B.C.)
[6'p/c]|[os ~Mecraaviwv ' o/xcjuw Ata 'lOw/xdrav, "Hpa[v.....] | [..............]ov /cat 6eu>s
6p/cf[ws irdvras rj] \ [fxdv k.t.X.]. Cp. the oath of Demaratos in Hdt. 6. 67 f. 'idve tu Ati
(3ovv diiaas Se rrjv jx-qrepa e/cdXecre. diriKOfxevrj de rrj fxrjTpl effdeU is rds %etpas ot tCiv
cnrXdyxvoJV KaTLKereve Xeycov roidde • " cij fj-f/rep, deuiv ere tuiv re dXXwv KaranTOfxevos 'iKerevoj
/cat tou 'EpKetov Atos rovde, <ppdo~ai lloi Tijv d\rj9rjirjv," k.t.X.).
When several powers are invoked, the name of Zeus normally heads the list—a pre-
cedence dating back to epic times (//. 19. 258= Od. 19. 303 t'trrw vvv Zeus irpQra, dewv
viraros /cat apicrTOS, Od. 14. 158=17. 155 = 20. 230 ttrrw vvv Zeus wpwra dewv). Homer,
sometimes content with the witness of Zeus alone (//. 7. 411 6'p/cta Se Zet)s tcrrw, epLybovivos
7r6o"ts"Hp77S, 10. 328 iffTco vvv Zeus avros, epiySoviros rrbais "Hprjs), more often associates
with him either the domestic sanctities of the hearth (Od. 19. 303 f.) and table (Od. 14.
158 f. = 17. 155^ = 20. 230 f.) or a variety of cosmic and chthonic divinities (//. 3. 276 ff.
ZeO irdrep, "Idrjdev fxefewv, /ct/Stcrre, /xiyLare, \ 'HeXt6s 0', 8s wdvr i(popq.s /cat irdvr eira-
Koveis, I /cat rrorap.ol /cat yaia /cat ol virevepde Kajxbvras j dvdpdoirovs rlvvaQov, oris k eirlop-
kov o/jLoaffy, I u/xets jxaprvpoi 'iffre, <pvXdo~o~eTe 8' bpKia Triard, 19. 258 ff. Io~tw vvv Zevs