Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 2,2): Zeus god of the dark sky (thunder and lightning): Appendixes and index (Cambridge, 1925)

The Mountain-cults of Zeus

961

bust of Zeus, laureate, to right, within border of dots; rev. TPAAAIANflN humped
bull walking to right, within border of dots (ib. p. 342 no. 101 f.), or TPAAA lANflN
bunch of grapes, within border of dots (ib. p. 342 no. 103). Other imperial coppers re-
present Zeus Aapdaios as a seated figure, who wears a himdtion round his legs, holds Nike
on his outstretched right hand, and rests upon a sceptre with his left (ib. p. 340 no. 93
AAPACIOC KAICAPE fiN time of Nero—Domitian, p. 345110. 129 KAICAPEfl
NAAPACI OC Domitian, cp. p. 354 pi. 37, 7 Gordianus Pius, p. 357 pi. 37, 11
Philippus Senior, p. 362 pi. 41, n Gordianus Pius), sometimes with an eagle at his feet
(ib. p. 350 pi. 37, 2 L. Verus).

Other coins of the town illustrate the myth of Zeus : (1) a copper of Antoninus Pius
has rev. A IOC TON A I the infant Zeus asleep on a mountain with an eagle hovering
above him (Overbeck Gr. Kunstmyth. Zeus p. 337 f., Head Hist, num.2 p. 661. Supra
i. 151 fig. 119, 535 n. o). Sir W. M. Ramsay The Historical Geography of Asia Minor
London 1890 p. 13 rightly rejects B. V. Head's former view that the legend is Aios
Tovai(ov). Cp. Aristodemos of Thebes frag. 6 (Frag. hist. Gr. iii. 310 Mtiller) ap. schol.
II. 13. 1 pLETa 5e ri]v '1\lov Trbpdrjaiv"^iKTwp 6 HpidpLov /cat fierd rbv Qdvarov tt)v dirb deuiv
evrvxyce Tip,r]v. oi yap ev Boiam'a Qr)(3aioi irie^bixevoi KaKois e/j-avrevovro irtpl divaWayris.
Xpyup-bs be avrots idbdr] iravffeodai rd Seivd, eav ' Otppvviov rrjs TpiodSos rd "Erropos Sard
SiaKofxiadGxnv els rbv Trap' aureus KaXovfjievov rbvov Aids Tovas. oi be rovro iroi'qo'avTes Kal
rwv KafcQiv d7ra\\a'ye'Tes Sid tl/xfjs elaxov 'E/cropa, Kara re robs eweiyovras Kaipovs eirihcaX-
ovvrai ryv eirifpaveiav avrov. 17 iaropia wapd 'ApLaroSrjfj.qi = Cramer anecd. Paris, iii. 18,
7 ff. with Bolte in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. vii. 1585. (2) A copper of M. Aurelius
has rev. the infant Zeus suckled by a goat (Mionnet Descr. de mid. ant. Suppl. vii. 472
no. 723). (3) A copper of Antoninus Pius has rev. the infant Zeus nursed by Rhea, with
an eagle on the ground at her feet and three Kouretes clashing their shields about her
(F. Imhoof-Blumer Lydische Stadtmiinzen p. 177 f. pi. 7, 15, Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins
Lydia p. 347 pi. 36, 5 (supra i. 151 fig. 121 from a cast), Head Hist, num.2 p. 661).
(4) A copper of Antoninus Pius has rev. €IOVCrAAAO[l] Io in long robe and bridal
veil led towards the left by Hermes, who wears a chlamys and holds a caduceus in his right
hand (Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Lydia p. 348 pi. 36, 8, Head Hist, num.* p. 661). (5) A
copper of Antoninus Pius has rev. a veiled figure (Io?) sitting in a two-wheeled hooded
chariot, which is drawn by a pair of humped bulls and conducted by a naked figure
(Hermes?) (Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Lydia p. 348 no. 141). (6) A copper of Tranquillina,
now in the British Museum, has rev. a male figure (Zeus ?) clad in a hifndtioti extending
his right hand to a fully draped and veiled female figure (Io ?), who stands in the entrance
of a wattle shed or hut (perhaps the (3ovo-Taais of Aisch. P. v.
651 ff. cri) 5', w ival, firi 'wokaKrlays Aexos I T° Zt/vos, d\\'
^e\0e TTpbs Aepv-rjs fiadbv \ XeifxQiva, Troi/xvas povtTTaffeis re Trpbs
irarpbs, j us dv to Aiov bpi/na Xuxprjari trbdov) (so B. V. Head
and W. Wroth in the Num. Chron. Fourth Series 1903 iii.
337 f. no. 30 pi. 12, 1 (=my fig. 848 from a cast) with the
alternative suggestion (ib. p. 338 n. 45) : ' Or the scene...may
possibly refer to a later incident, when Io, at the Egyptian
Canobus, is restored to sanity by the gentle touch of Zeus's
hand and becomes the mother of Epaphus the ancestor of
the Argive Danaoi' [Aisch. P. v. 846 ff.], Head Hist, num?
p. 661). A propos of the whole series B. V. Head in the
Brit. Mus. Cat. Coins Lydia p. cxlvi observes: ' Evidently on these coins we have
representations of successive scenes in certain religious mysteries connected with the
Io legend, and celebrated by the Trallians in commemoration of their Argive descent,
Argos having been the original home of the Io myth.' I doubt the Io-'mysteries.'
The coin-types, inscriptions and all, could be equally well explained as copying the sub-
jects of the frescoes or reliefs with which some public edifice at Tralleis was adorned,
e.g. the octostyle temple (? of Zeus. It has an eagle in its pediment, but a caduceus beside

C. II. 6l

Fig. 848.