Cook, Arthur B.: Zeus: a study in ancient religion (Band 3,1): Zeus god of the dark sky (earthquake, clouds, wind, dew, rain, meteorits): Text and notes (Cambridge, 1940)

The owl of Athena 789

their types, as Sir George Macdonald1 has made abundantly clear,
are for the most part simply badges of the issuing town or
magistrate. I think we may go further and assert that, alike on the
quart-measure and on the coins, the owl and Athena represent the
animal form and the human form of the self-same goddess2.

A similar explanation must be given of the owl stamped on
the bronze tickets (figs. 584, 58s)3 and on the bronze (figs. 586,

Fig. 584. -—c"^>'

«y K Y A JA H

Fig. 585-

sir G. Macdonald C«'« Types Glasgow 1905 p. 43 ff., C. Seltman Greek Coins
ambridge 1933 p. 2y and context.
^ ^P- the Janiform head and the double axe 011 coins of Tenedos, as explained by Sir
• J- Evans (supra ii. 654 f.).

Corp. inscr. Att. ii. 2 no. 876 = /user. Gr. ed. min. ii—iii. 2 no. 1837 AioxtVios
^[H]^'0^ *K ^"'^'^ 'n'l'a' ^ and three stamps: («) owl in olive-wreath lettered

£ P 9' W double-bodied owl between A and A (?), (c) Gorgoneion. My rig. 584 is from
siUemer's article in Daremberg—Saglio Diet. Ant. ii. 190 fig. 2410.
rp. mscr. Att. ii. 2 no. 900 with fig. =Znser. Gr. ed. min. ii—iii. 2 no. 1864 with

3

Ail

(AW-?10 ^■"TlKP^TV^ EvKT(rjfiofi8ov?) | A.ll-e»iefc has initial E and two stamps: (a) owl,
1 ' "orgineio* <~> t^„... .....^_______t>____....._i „ . ------L_________t

di

^,^orgineion, O. Kern [n'scriptiones Graecae Bonnae 1913 pi. 22, 4 gives a photograph

"ncr- Jltl- 5 no. 908 b = Inscr. Gr. ed. min. ii—iii. 2 no. 1877 with diagram

sta Aa/i7T7-(peus) Ka6v(tr(pBev) i.e. 'of Upper Lamptrai' has initial X and two

p ^>S: owl in olive-wreath lettered H^0, (6) Gorgdneion. Brit. Mus. Cat. Bronzes
L0" , no' 332 fig. 12, A Guide to the Exhibition illustrating Greek and Roman Life

1>'9o8p.7%.3(=myfig.58s).
in U)e 'u»her T. Thalheim in Pauly—Wissowa Real-Enc. v. 567 ff. and C. T. Seltman
tickets "" 'r'dge University Reporter 1931 lxi. 752 ('The Athenian jurymen's bronze
other"' ?crit>ed in I-G. 11, 2, 875 sqq., and I.G. II, 5, 875 b sqq., together with four
^0Uo\vi ^e'lni*,ls> 011 an analysis of the 30 complete specimens proved to have had the
Seal of'th '^e,V'ces slamped upon them: 22 had a circular Gorgoneion device, probably the
Sllrchar ,te' 27 had a circular stamp with a facing owl between olive-twigs; 12 were
'ast corr * an at^<^'t'ona' square stamp displaying an owl with two bodies. The two
°f the )-eSPon^ed to the reverse types of contemporary triobols and diobols of the first half
XVas a v u century B-C. It was suggested that the triobol-device on such a pinakion
d'obol-d • gUaranteein8 his three-obol pay for jury-service to a dikast. Probably the
ce surcharged on some of the tickets was likewise a guarantee of theoric pay.