D'Ooge, Martin L.: The Acropolis of Athens (New York, 1908)

4 THE ACROPOLIS OF ATHENS

and at the east end, where the original surface has been built
out and is concealed by the line of later built walls, gave to
the rock an appearance much more rugged and jagged than it
now presents. The projection of the southeast corner is
especially noticeable, as affording an admirable bulwark for
defense.

Fig. i.—Cave of Apollo.

In order to make the hill more suitable for occupation, it
was necessary first to level the surface by hewing down rocky
projections and by filling up cracks and building up the sides
of the hill with earth and masonry ; and secondly, to supple-
ment what nature had already done in the way of defense
by building a wall about the summit and by fortifying the
accessible slope at the west and southwest end. To this
earliest work of fortification Cleidemus, writing in the fifth
century B.C., refers when he says that they levelled the
Acropolis and made the Pelargicon, which they built round
it nine-gated. The general shape of the hill and its subsequent
alteration are made clear by Dorpfeld's simple illustration.