Dvivedi, Manilal Nabhubhai [Komm.]: The Yoga-sūtra of Patanjali: (translation, with introduction, appendix, and notes based upon several authentic commentaries) (Bombay, 1890)

THE YOGA-SUTRA,

SECTION II.

I. Preliminary Yoga ( consists of ) mortification,
study, and resignation to Iivara.

The first section deals with Samudhi and its character; the
present one is meant for those who have not been able to
accomplish that, or are not in that condition. As this
section deals, therefore, with rales for the guidance of such
itudents, it is aptly called Kriyayoga or preliminary Yoga.*
By mortification is meant all those fasts, penances, obser-
vances, &c, which are laid down in the Dharma-'sastras.
Study means the repetition of the pranava or any holy
mantraiu the manner described before (XXVIII., Sect. I.), or
the constant close reading of religious books bearing on them.
Eesignation to Ikara has been fully described before (XXIII.,
Sect. I.) These then constitute the whole of the preliminary
side of Toga, and are sufficient, if carefully and sincerely
practised, to lead to Samadhi.

II. ( They are practised ) for acquiring habitual
Samddhi, and for attenuating distractions.

The usefulness of preliminary Yoga is here described. It
leads the mind into a constant habit of Sam&dhi, by first

* The expression practical Yoga is obviously misleading, and is
therefore rejected.