DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.812#0153
RELIGION
[148]
RELIGION
Religion, Baetylic Cult of Sacred Stones (cont.)
heifer, conventionally rendered animal of
bull-sports (as Tiryns fresco), IV. 45 (Figs.
28, 29)
-------Divine 'possession' of baetylic object
indicated by alighted dove (or other bird),
trinity of pillars with settled doves (cf.
too, sealing, Mycenae), in Miniature Terra-
cotta Shrine, Knossos, I. 220-4
Ecstatic 'possession' (of votaries or divinities),
produced by juice of sacred trees, as Soma,
(bough pulled down to procure it from
fruit), 1. 432, 11. 340, 341 (Fig. 194 e), in.
142, 143 (signets, Mycenae), iv. 950, 954
('Ring of Minos')
-------doves alighted on nude female figure
(3rd Shaft Grave, Mycenae), 1.224; on head
of Goddess, Shrine of Double Axes, n. 339,
340; parallel to Holy Spirit in shape like
a dove, lighting on Jesus at Baptism, 1. 223,
224
-------Birds, possibly ravens, symbolizing
'possession' by divine spirit, perched on
Double Axes (as baetylic objects) in ritual
scene of Hagia Triada Sarcophagus, I. 440,
441, iv. 42, 43
-------Dove settled on sacred tree (Votive
bronze tablet, Diktaean Cave), I. 632, 635
-------Double Axe: Private Chapel of in 'High
Priest's House', of ecclesiastical arrangement,
iv. 205-13; body (or nave) with side benches
(like choir-stalls), iv. 206, 207, 208; inter-
mediate compartment with gypsum cists
for offerings entered by stepped opening
in columnar balustrade ('Chancel screen')
ibid., and inner sanctuary with evidence of
double gates of bronze containing central
altar of sacrifice flanked by pyramidal
pedestals for double axes, ibid.; central
drain for blood of sacrifices, iv. 208, 210,
211. Late Shrine (sacellum) of Double Axes
near S.E. Palace Angle of Reoccupation
Period (most complete illustration of earlier
arrangement), 11. 335-42—small cell with
altar ledge along back wall, II. 316-18; Cult
objects on altar ledge—sacral horns with
double axes (pair), terra-cotta figures (God-
dess and votary with doves), miniature
limestone double axe with reduplicated
edges; in centre, before altar ledge, plaster
Religion, Ecstatic 'possession' (cont.)
tripod hearth (for offerings), in body of cell
offertory vessels, II. 336-8; flooring of sea-
worn pebbles, 11. 336 (see, too, Shrines);
Double Axes stuck in pillars of Shrine
(fresco), Knossos, I. 443, 444; Do., My-
cenae, 1. 444, 445; stuck in same way in
crevices of natural stalagmite pillars of
lower sanctuary vault, Diktaean Cave (Psy-
chro), 1. 444
Eschatology of Minoan religious belief—new
lights on afforded by 'Ring of Nestor', II.
788, in. 146-57; field divided into four
compartments by Minoan Yggdrasil or
'Tree of the World', m. 146-55; Goddess
(with companion seated in first compart-
ment) with two chrysalises and two butter-
flies above (see Butterfly and Chrysalis), in.
148-52; appearance of chrysalis as emblem
of resurgence, speciality of Minoan Art, ill.
151,152; left of Goddess, Man and Woman
at entrance to Underworld; reappear below
before Griffin's judgement seat, ill. 152-5;
guardian lion in second compartment,
tended by Diaskourai: Translation of scene
into Miniature painting, in. 156, 157 and
Coloured PI. XX a; recall to life illustrated
by Hagia Triada sarcophagus, 'hero'
brought before portal of tomb by ritual
offerings, 1. 439, 440-2, iv. 43, 44; tomb
itself also used as shrine of Goddess, 11.
279, 285; symbolical form of grave cist in
shape of Double Axe, ibid.; Temple Tomb
at Knossos, iv. 964-1018
Sepuchral aspects of, tomb, also a shrine:
Tomb of Double Axes, Knossos: internal
shrine by head of sepulchral cavity with
double axes and ritual vessels and baetylic
pillar in relief, 11. 278, 279, and 285, Fig.
169 (rock-hewn grave cist in shape of
Double Axe); see too Temple Tomb
Chthonic character of Goddess evidenced
by snake attributes, 1. 447, 501-4 (and
frontispiece), 507-9; Sunken Lustral Basins
and Pillar Crypts connected with, 11. 322,
323, 520-3, in. 10-12
Earthquakes, connexion with, propitiatory
offerings of ox-heads in overthrown House
of the Sacrificed Oxen, n. 302, 303, 314,
320-2, III. 10-12
[148]
RELIGION
Religion, Baetylic Cult of Sacred Stones (cont.)
heifer, conventionally rendered animal of
bull-sports (as Tiryns fresco), IV. 45 (Figs.
28, 29)
-------Divine 'possession' of baetylic object
indicated by alighted dove (or other bird),
trinity of pillars with settled doves (cf.
too, sealing, Mycenae), in Miniature Terra-
cotta Shrine, Knossos, I. 220-4
Ecstatic 'possession' (of votaries or divinities),
produced by juice of sacred trees, as Soma,
(bough pulled down to procure it from
fruit), 1. 432, 11. 340, 341 (Fig. 194 e), in.
142, 143 (signets, Mycenae), iv. 950, 954
('Ring of Minos')
-------doves alighted on nude female figure
(3rd Shaft Grave, Mycenae), 1.224; on head
of Goddess, Shrine of Double Axes, n. 339,
340; parallel to Holy Spirit in shape like
a dove, lighting on Jesus at Baptism, 1. 223,
224
-------Birds, possibly ravens, symbolizing
'possession' by divine spirit, perched on
Double Axes (as baetylic objects) in ritual
scene of Hagia Triada Sarcophagus, I. 440,
441, iv. 42, 43
-------Dove settled on sacred tree (Votive
bronze tablet, Diktaean Cave), I. 632, 635
-------Double Axe: Private Chapel of in 'High
Priest's House', of ecclesiastical arrangement,
iv. 205-13; body (or nave) with side benches
(like choir-stalls), iv. 206, 207, 208; inter-
mediate compartment with gypsum cists
for offerings entered by stepped opening
in columnar balustrade ('Chancel screen')
ibid., and inner sanctuary with evidence of
double gates of bronze containing central
altar of sacrifice flanked by pyramidal
pedestals for double axes, ibid.; central
drain for blood of sacrifices, iv. 208, 210,
211. Late Shrine (sacellum) of Double Axes
near S.E. Palace Angle of Reoccupation
Period (most complete illustration of earlier
arrangement), 11. 335-42—small cell with
altar ledge along back wall, II. 316-18; Cult
objects on altar ledge—sacral horns with
double axes (pair), terra-cotta figures (God-
dess and votary with doves), miniature
limestone double axe with reduplicated
edges; in centre, before altar ledge, plaster
Religion, Ecstatic 'possession' (cont.)
tripod hearth (for offerings), in body of cell
offertory vessels, II. 336-8; flooring of sea-
worn pebbles, 11. 336 (see, too, Shrines);
Double Axes stuck in pillars of Shrine
(fresco), Knossos, I. 443, 444; Do., My-
cenae, 1. 444, 445; stuck in same way in
crevices of natural stalagmite pillars of
lower sanctuary vault, Diktaean Cave (Psy-
chro), 1. 444
Eschatology of Minoan religious belief—new
lights on afforded by 'Ring of Nestor', II.
788, in. 146-57; field divided into four
compartments by Minoan Yggdrasil or
'Tree of the World', m. 146-55; Goddess
(with companion seated in first compart-
ment) with two chrysalises and two butter-
flies above (see Butterfly and Chrysalis), in.
148-52; appearance of chrysalis as emblem
of resurgence, speciality of Minoan Art, ill.
151,152; left of Goddess, Man and Woman
at entrance to Underworld; reappear below
before Griffin's judgement seat, ill. 152-5;
guardian lion in second compartment,
tended by Diaskourai: Translation of scene
into Miniature painting, in. 156, 157 and
Coloured PI. XX a; recall to life illustrated
by Hagia Triada sarcophagus, 'hero'
brought before portal of tomb by ritual
offerings, 1. 439, 440-2, iv. 43, 44; tomb
itself also used as shrine of Goddess, 11.
279, 285; symbolical form of grave cist in
shape of Double Axe, ibid.; Temple Tomb
at Knossos, iv. 964-1018
Sepuchral aspects of, tomb, also a shrine:
Tomb of Double Axes, Knossos: internal
shrine by head of sepulchral cavity with
double axes and ritual vessels and baetylic
pillar in relief, 11. 278, 279, and 285, Fig.
169 (rock-hewn grave cist in shape of
Double Axe); see too Temple Tomb
Chthonic character of Goddess evidenced
by snake attributes, 1. 447, 501-4 (and
frontispiece), 507-9; Sunken Lustral Basins
and Pillar Crypts connected with, 11. 322,
323, 520-3, in. 10-12
Earthquakes, connexion with, propitiatory
offerings of ox-heads in overthrown House
of the Sacrificed Oxen, n. 302, 303, 314,
320-2, III. 10-12