340 LATEST BUDDHIST CAVE-TEMPLES.

offerings in their hands, and with high ornate tiaras; they are
perhaps intended to represent Indras or Sakras. The paintings on
the left wall are much destroyed since first known to Europeans.

Cave XXII.

The next' is a very small Vihara, about 16^ feet square and
9 feet high, with four unfinished cells, no window, a very pretty
door, and a narrow verandah, of which both the pillars are broken,
ascended by two steps. The sanctuary opens directly from the
cave, and contains an image with its feet on the lotus, the Bud-
dhist emblem of creative power. On front of the sihlmmna, or seat is
the chakra, the chinlia or cognizance of Sakya, with two small deer
as vdhana or supporters. To his right, beyond the chauri-bearer, is
Padmapani, and on the left another attendant. On the right
side, under a row of painted Buddhas, are their names:—" Vipasyi,
Sikhi, Visvabhu, . . . Kanakamuni, Kasyapa, Sakya Muni,
Maitre(ya)," the missing name being Krakutsanda or Kakusanda,
the first Buddha of the present kalpa or regeneration of the world;
for the Buddhists believe that the world is destroyed and regenerated
at the end of immensely long periods or kalpas; and that each
kalpa has one or more Buddhas, thus in the third past regeneration
Vipasyi was the Buddha in the last Sikhi and Visvabhu; and in
the present Krakuchchhanda, Kanakamuni, Kasyapa, and SakyaMum
or Gautama have already appeared as Buddhas whilst Arya
Maitreya, the last, is yet to come, 5,000 years after Sakya. These
are also known as the " mdnushya or earth-born Buddhas." Below
the names is painted :—" The charitable assignation of Sakya
Bhikshu . . . May the merit of this ... be to father and mother
and to all beings . . . endowed with beauty and good fortune, good
qualities and organs, the bright . . . protectors of light. . - tnuS
bftcome pleasing to the eve."

Have XXIII.
This is another twelve-pillared Vihara. 50 feet 5 inches wide by
51 feet 8 inches deep, and 12 feet 4 mcnes higrt. The four columns
of the verandah are all entire. They have oases, 2| to 3 feet sq»a>e

1 High up in the rock above the scarp, between Nos. XXI. and XXII- an
inaccessible, is another small Vihara, numbered XXVIII. in this arrangement