DOI Page / Citation link:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.25500#0111
66
COMPARATIVE ARCHITECTURE.
In general arrangement they consisted of a lofty semi-
circular central arch resting on an impost, with columns on
either side. Besides architectural decorations they were
also adorned with statuary.
An attic (or surmounting mass of stonework) was placed
above, inscribed with the warlike deeds of the general to whom
the monument was erected.
Ex. of single arch.—The Arch of Titus at Rome (a.d. 8i).
The larger examples, e.g., the Arch of Septimius Severus
(No. 38), and that of Constantine, have smaller arches on
either side of the central one.
Note.—The Marble Arch in London will give a general
idea of the arrangement in three arches; while that at
Hyde Park Corner has but one.
Rostral columns were erected to celebrate naval
victories, in which rostra, or prows of ships, are used in
the ornamentation. In the time of the emperors they were
numerous ■ a recital of the deeds which led to their erection
was carved upon them.
Pillars of victory were usually placed in open courts,
or in the Forum, and were surrounded by porticoes, whence
the spectator could obtain views at various levels, and was
thus able to read the inscriptions, and sculptured figures,
with which some were decorated. Ex.: Trajan’s column
(page 60).
‘ ‘ The sculptures wind aloft
And lead, through various toils, up the rough steep
The hero to the skies.”
THE TOMBS
bear considerable similarity to Etruscan examples, whose
influence should be noted.
(a.) Caves were hewn in the rock, or subterranean vaults,
called Columbaria, were built and adorned with paintings and
mosaics ; internally were divisions or cells 3 feet by 3 feet,
containing the sepulchral urn, in which the ashes of the
deceased who had been cremated were placed, and upon
which his name was carved.
(b.) Monumental tombs. These consisted of tower-
COMPARATIVE ARCHITECTURE.
In general arrangement they consisted of a lofty semi-
circular central arch resting on an impost, with columns on
either side. Besides architectural decorations they were
also adorned with statuary.
An attic (or surmounting mass of stonework) was placed
above, inscribed with the warlike deeds of the general to whom
the monument was erected.
Ex. of single arch.—The Arch of Titus at Rome (a.d. 8i).
The larger examples, e.g., the Arch of Septimius Severus
(No. 38), and that of Constantine, have smaller arches on
either side of the central one.
Note.—The Marble Arch in London will give a general
idea of the arrangement in three arches; while that at
Hyde Park Corner has but one.
Rostral columns were erected to celebrate naval
victories, in which rostra, or prows of ships, are used in
the ornamentation. In the time of the emperors they were
numerous ■ a recital of the deeds which led to their erection
was carved upon them.
Pillars of victory were usually placed in open courts,
or in the Forum, and were surrounded by porticoes, whence
the spectator could obtain views at various levels, and was
thus able to read the inscriptions, and sculptured figures,
with which some were decorated. Ex.: Trajan’s column
(page 60).
‘ ‘ The sculptures wind aloft
And lead, through various toils, up the rough steep
The hero to the skies.”
THE TOMBS
bear considerable similarity to Etruscan examples, whose
influence should be noted.
(a.) Caves were hewn in the rock, or subterranean vaults,
called Columbaria, were built and adorned with paintings and
mosaics ; internally were divisions or cells 3 feet by 3 feet,
containing the sepulchral urn, in which the ashes of the
deceased who had been cremated were placed, and upon
which his name was carved.
(b.) Monumental tombs. These consisted of tower-