Garstang, John: Maḥâsna and Bêt Khallâf (London, 1903)

30

THE TOMBS AND BURIALS.

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dent leer also of carnelian, shown on Pl. XXXIX.
These pendants, in the form of a leg and foot, gener-
ally of carnelian, were not uncommon, and were in-
variably found attached to the ankle. Similarly
small pendent forearms, made of the same stone,
were occasionally found attached to the wrist, either
alone, or threaded to a string of beads or other
charms. This burial typifies a considerable class,
accompanied by beads and charms, but without
larger tomb furniture.

M 107. The furniture of the unique burial num-
bered 107 (the fourth of Pl. XLIIL) is more fully
illustrated by photograph on Pl. XXXVII. and in
outline on PL. XXXVIII. The tomb was of an
ordinary character; its shaft was three or four metres
deep, with a little brickwork at the top. The chamber
mouth, to the south, was bricked up ; and on opening
it the usual small recess was disclosed, being little
larger than was necessary for the interment. After
clearing away the dust and sand which lay upon the
surface of everything, the group of vases was disclosed
in the southern end of the chamber, and special care
was taken accordingly with the further stages of
clearing the burial. The body lay in a contracted
position, with hands in front of the face, and the
knees drawn up so that the upper leg made a right
angle with body, while the lower leg was also doubled
under as much as possible. The head was to the
north, and the body lay on its left side. The objects
which furnished the burial included thirteen vases,
eleven being of alabaster, of varying forms and sizes,
an alabaster head-rest with fluted column, a copper
mirror, a chain necklet of delicate workmanship, five
feet long, with necklace, bracelets, etc., of carnelian,
gold, and glazed beads. The group A includes all
the vases, in their relative situations as found ; but it
seems probable that nearly all of them had been
placed upright with their points in the sand, and had
fallen to the positions in which they were found.
The numbers by which they are indicated in the
diagram correspond to those on Pl. XXXVIII. when
their forms are outlined. The head-rest lay some
few inches removed from the head : it is, like the rest
of the group, of beautiful finish and proportion. The
mirror also did not lie opposite the face as was usual,
but just above the hands. The necklet of gold chain-
work is sufficiently illustrated by the photograph of
PL. XXXVII. Its two small lockets were connected
apparently with the two long tube beads of gold upon
the other necklace, which are separated from the cen-
tral carnelian pendant by three large beads on either

side. The arrangement of this second necklace is
also fairly clear from the photograph. Its larger
jewels are separated from one another by smaller
beads of gold which occur symmetrically in threes or
singly or in pairs. The string is fairly uniform, the
beads decreasing regularly in size, the smallest of all
being small and of green glaze. The bracelets were
less splendid, but were none the less of appropriate
character. On the left wrist {b) small beads of blue
glaze and carnelian alternated in groups with beads
of gold and green glaze, alternating also in themselves.
The other bracelet, c, followed the arrangement indi-
cated in the plan, in which gold and glaze beads
alternately in twos and threes separate long beads of
carnelian and ribbed beads of glaze, which also
alternate with one another. The whole of this tomb
group was selected by the authorities of the Depart-
ment of Antiquities of Egypt and occupies a case in
the Museum at Cairo.

M 114. This burial lay in a shaft of ordinary
character, about two metres down, with head to the
north, lying half over on its left side. Around the
neck, a, was a string of beads miscellaneously com-
posed. It included for half its length beads of
carnelian with both long and round beads of green
glaze, and for the other half dark glazed beads with
pairs of light shell beads occasionally. From the
vicinity of the left wrist, b, came one large bead of
carnelian, the original position of which cannot be
definitely assigned. Similar single beads have been
found indubitably as the ornament of finger rings,
threaded with a few small beads or otherwise.
Around the right wrist, c, were some small beads of
green glaze. Around the ankles, d and e, were
strings of large carnelian beads, with leg pendants
also of carnelian. In the position /, behind the right
humerus, was found the fine vase shown in outline
on Pl. XXXVI. (No. 6), and by photograph on
Pl. XXXIV It is made of good alabaster with a
vein of pink around the rim.

M 349. This burial lay in fully extended position.
Its chief interest lies in a representative group of
objects with which it was furnished. The deposit
was laid above the head. 1 and 4 are two pots (the
latter of black ware). The dish, with spout, num-
bered 2, is of red polished pottery ware ; a photograph
of it appears on Pl. XXXII.: 3 is a copper mirror
(number 2 on PL. XL.). The numbers 5, 6, 7, and 8
are given to four vases of alabaster which appear in
outline also on PL. XXXVI. A special feature is
the small group of copper implements, numbered 7

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■, xxxix.

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