DOI Seite / Zitierlink:
https://doi.org/10.11588/diglit.4657#0019
•**.
r
14
THE TOMBS.
LONG BONES—{continued).
Tibia (maximum length) (excluding
spine
Femur ,, „ .
Tibia (ant. post. diam. at nutrient
foramen) . . . . .
Tibia (transverse diam. at nutrient
foramen) ....
Femur (maximum breadth of lower end
Clavicle (maximum length) .
Platycnemic index
HEN-NEKHT,
433 (r.)
43° (1.)
... (r.)
511 (1.)
42 (r.)
4o(l.)
... (r.)
79 (1.)
... (r.)
170(1.)
K. 3.
418 (r.)
418 (1.)
33'5(r.)
34-Sd-)
2l-o (r.)
20-5 (1.)
62-7 (r.)
59'4 (1.)
" The accompanying Table makes it clear that
the relative bone-lengths of Hen-Nekht, as indeed
those of the early Egyptians generally, correspond
more nearly to what is met with among negroid than
among European races, if Broca and Humphry's
figures can be accepted as true, and if one is justified
in taking the mean bone-lengths in a series as repre-
senting the average skeletal measurements. The
same fact seems indicated if we attempt to construct
the stature of Hen-Nekht from his humerus, femur,
tibia, and femur and tibia conjoined, by multiplying
each bone-length, first, by a factor calculated for
Europeans, and, secondly, by another calculated for
negroes. The statures in the series obtained by the
second method are far more closely identical than
those obtained by the first. The humerus of Hen-
Nekht is exceptionally short. His leg-bones give a
skeletal stature of 1858 millimetres. To this have to
be added a few centimetres for the conversion of the
skeletal into the living stature ; from it have to be
deducted a few centimetres to allow for over-estimation
Ratio of Bone-Lengths.
Humerus X ioo
Femur and Tibia
Clavicle X ioo
Humerus
Tibia X 100
Femur
Radius X ioo
Humerus
Hen-
nekht.
Euro-
peans.*
Ne-
groes.*
Prehistoric
Egyptians."f*
36-56
40-n
38-20
38-64
49-40
44'63
46-74
46-73
84" 10
80-52
■84-78
82-67
73 "93
79-40
78-78
Egyptians,
VI.-XII.
Dyn.J
37 "9°
47-20
84-60
79-20
* Cf. Topinard's Anthropology (Eng. Trans.), p. 303.
t From the Monograph by E. Warren {Phil. Trans. R. S. £.,
ser. B, vol. 189, p. 173).
% Prepared from Randall-Maclver's figures in Prof. Petrie's
Dendereh.
due to excessive macroskely.* We shall not be far
wrong if we conclude that the stature of Hen-Nekht
was i860 millimetres, or 73-23 inches. Beddoe's
formula gives a closely similar result.f
" Thus the skeletal stature of Hen-Nekht appears
to have been about 200 millimetres greater than
that of the average prehistoric or early kingdom
Egyptians."
CHAPTER V.
THE TOMBS, K 3, K 4 AND K 5.
[With Pls. XXV.-XXXL]
43. Situated slightly to the east of the tomb of
Neter-Khet were three private tombs of the same age.
They were related to it in the nature of their con-
struction, by the character of their deposits, and also
in the references on the sealings within them. Of
these, two were at a distance of some four or five
hundred metres only. The third was farther removed,
by half the distance to the cultivated lands ; it was of
more elaborate character, both in construction and in
furniture, and proved to be the burial-place of a Ha-
Prince of the time.
Of the two that are near to one another, numbered
K 3 and K 4, the former is the larger, its super-
structure covering twice the area occupied by the
latter. In both cases the surface-bricks had been so
far removed that it was impossible to recover the plan
of any chapel or accessory building that had been
raised upon the tomb ; but in each case a quantity of
chipped limestone on the east side, towards the south
end, gave indication of a former construction built of
that material. The smaller tomb, K 4, was sur-
rounded by the foundations of a wall enclosing it on
all sides, with an internal stuccoed face ; its position
is shown on the plan of PL. XXV. In both tombs
the descent to the chambers was direct, and the door
below was closed by a large stone dropped down
from above by means of guides grooved in the sides
of the shaft. In the larger tomb the passage was cut
down through the firm desert, and its floor was nicked
horizontally at intervals to prevent slipping. In the
smaller tomb the steeper descent was built of brick
at the top, with thirteen steps below cut out in the
desert. Both of these approaches are illustrated by
* Cf. La determination de la taille, etc., by L. MANOUVRIER (Mem.
de la Soc. d'Anth. de Paris, 1892).
t " On the Stature of the Older Races," etc. by J. Beddoe (J. Anth.
hist., XVII., p. 202).
ir**
bften
Irds.
%y
r
14
THE TOMBS.
LONG BONES—{continued).
Tibia (maximum length) (excluding
spine
Femur ,, „ .
Tibia (ant. post. diam. at nutrient
foramen) . . . . .
Tibia (transverse diam. at nutrient
foramen) ....
Femur (maximum breadth of lower end
Clavicle (maximum length) .
Platycnemic index
HEN-NEKHT,
433 (r.)
43° (1.)
... (r.)
511 (1.)
42 (r.)
4o(l.)
... (r.)
79 (1.)
... (r.)
170(1.)
K. 3.
418 (r.)
418 (1.)
33'5(r.)
34-Sd-)
2l-o (r.)
20-5 (1.)
62-7 (r.)
59'4 (1.)
" The accompanying Table makes it clear that
the relative bone-lengths of Hen-Nekht, as indeed
those of the early Egyptians generally, correspond
more nearly to what is met with among negroid than
among European races, if Broca and Humphry's
figures can be accepted as true, and if one is justified
in taking the mean bone-lengths in a series as repre-
senting the average skeletal measurements. The
same fact seems indicated if we attempt to construct
the stature of Hen-Nekht from his humerus, femur,
tibia, and femur and tibia conjoined, by multiplying
each bone-length, first, by a factor calculated for
Europeans, and, secondly, by another calculated for
negroes. The statures in the series obtained by the
second method are far more closely identical than
those obtained by the first. The humerus of Hen-
Nekht is exceptionally short. His leg-bones give a
skeletal stature of 1858 millimetres. To this have to
be added a few centimetres for the conversion of the
skeletal into the living stature ; from it have to be
deducted a few centimetres to allow for over-estimation
Ratio of Bone-Lengths.
Humerus X ioo
Femur and Tibia
Clavicle X ioo
Humerus
Tibia X 100
Femur
Radius X ioo
Humerus
Hen-
nekht.
Euro-
peans.*
Ne-
groes.*
Prehistoric
Egyptians."f*
36-56
40-n
38-20
38-64
49-40
44'63
46-74
46-73
84" 10
80-52
■84-78
82-67
73 "93
79-40
78-78
Egyptians,
VI.-XII.
Dyn.J
37 "9°
47-20
84-60
79-20
* Cf. Topinard's Anthropology (Eng. Trans.), p. 303.
t From the Monograph by E. Warren {Phil. Trans. R. S. £.,
ser. B, vol. 189, p. 173).
% Prepared from Randall-Maclver's figures in Prof. Petrie's
Dendereh.
due to excessive macroskely.* We shall not be far
wrong if we conclude that the stature of Hen-Nekht
was i860 millimetres, or 73-23 inches. Beddoe's
formula gives a closely similar result.f
" Thus the skeletal stature of Hen-Nekht appears
to have been about 200 millimetres greater than
that of the average prehistoric or early kingdom
Egyptians."
CHAPTER V.
THE TOMBS, K 3, K 4 AND K 5.
[With Pls. XXV.-XXXL]
43. Situated slightly to the east of the tomb of
Neter-Khet were three private tombs of the same age.
They were related to it in the nature of their con-
struction, by the character of their deposits, and also
in the references on the sealings within them. Of
these, two were at a distance of some four or five
hundred metres only. The third was farther removed,
by half the distance to the cultivated lands ; it was of
more elaborate character, both in construction and in
furniture, and proved to be the burial-place of a Ha-
Prince of the time.
Of the two that are near to one another, numbered
K 3 and K 4, the former is the larger, its super-
structure covering twice the area occupied by the
latter. In both cases the surface-bricks had been so
far removed that it was impossible to recover the plan
of any chapel or accessory building that had been
raised upon the tomb ; but in each case a quantity of
chipped limestone on the east side, towards the south
end, gave indication of a former construction built of
that material. The smaller tomb, K 4, was sur-
rounded by the foundations of a wall enclosing it on
all sides, with an internal stuccoed face ; its position
is shown on the plan of PL. XXV. In both tombs
the descent to the chambers was direct, and the door
below was closed by a large stone dropped down
from above by means of guides grooved in the sides
of the shaft. In the larger tomb the passage was cut
down through the firm desert, and its floor was nicked
horizontally at intervals to prevent slipping. In the
smaller tomb the steeper descent was built of brick
at the top, with thirteen steps below cut out in the
desert. Both of these approaches are illustrated by
* Cf. La determination de la taille, etc., by L. MANOUVRIER (Mem.
de la Soc. d'Anth. de Paris, 1892).
t " On the Stature of the Older Races," etc. by J. Beddoe (J. Anth.
hist., XVII., p. 202).
ir**
bften
Irds.
%y